| 1. |
- Johansson, Victoria, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Språk och hjärna
- 2013
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Ingår i: Språket, människan och världen. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144083391
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 2. |
- Mårtensson, Frida, et al.
(författare)
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Sensory-specific anomic aphasia following left occipital lesions : Data from free oral descriptions of concrete word meanings
- 2014
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Ingår i: Neurocase. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1355-4794 .- 1465-3656. ; 20:2, s. 192-207
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study investigated hierarchical lexical semantic structure in oral descriptions of concrete word meanings produced by a subject (ZZ) diagnosed with anomic aphasia due to left occipital lesions. The focus of the analysis was production of a) nouns at different levels of semantic specificity (e.g., "robin"-"bird"-"animal") and b) words describing sensory or motor experiences (e.g., "blue," "soft," "fly"). Results show that in contrast to healthy and aphasic controls, who produced words at all levels of specificity and mainly vision-related sensory information, ZZ produced almost exclusively nouns at the most non-specific levels and words associated with sound and movement.
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| 3. |
- Roll, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Atypical associations to abstract words in Broca's aphasia
- 2012
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Ingår i: Cortex. - : Elsevier BV. - 1973-8102 .- 0010-9452. ; 48:8, s. 1068-1072
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Left frontal brain lesions are known to give rise to aphasia and impaired word associations. These associations have previously been difficult to analyze. We used a semantic space method to investigate associations to cue words. The degree of abstractness of the generated words and semantic similarity to the cue words were measured. Method Three subjects diagnosed with Broca’s aphasia and twelve control subjects associated freely to cue words. Results were evaluated with latent semantic analysis (LSA) applied to the Swedish Parole corpus. Results The aphasic subjects could be clearly distinguished from controls by a lower degree of abstractness in the words they generated. The aphasic group’s associations showed a negative correlation between semantic similarity to cue word and abstractness of cue word. Conclusions By developing novel semantic measures, we showed that Broca’s aphasic subjects’ word production was characterized by a low degree of abstractness and low degree of coherence in associations to abstract cue words. The results support models where meanings of concrete words are represented in neural networks involving perceptual and motor areas, whereas the meaning of abstract words is more dependent on connections to other word forms in the left frontal region. Semantic spaces can be used in future developments of evaluative tools for both diagnosis and research purposes.
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| 4. |
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Words and their meaning: a deep delve from surface distribution into underlying neural representation
- 2010
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Proceedings (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- This special issue of The Mental Lexicon contains a number of papers presented at a symposium at the Center for Languages and Literature, Lund University, on December 10, 2009. The interdisciplinary meeting brought together researchers from linguistics, psychology, and neuroscience in order to discuss different approaches to studying the complexities surrounding the modelling of word semantics. The goal was to obtain a better understanding of the relationship between the linguistic modelling of the lexicon and neurocognitive and neurophysiological representations and processes related to word meaning. The papers cover both theoretical aspects of word meaning seen from the perspective of linguists (Jean Aitchison, Michael Fortescue) and neuropsychologists (Allan Paivio) as well as experimental studies by neuroscientists investigating different aspects of meaning structure using different brain imaging techniques (Véronique Boulenger & Tatjana Nazir, Yury Shtyrov).
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| 5. |
- Horne, Merle, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish as a [+Continuity] language : left-edge prosody and right-edge morphosyntax
- 2012
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Ingår i: Discourse and grammar : a festschrift in honor of Valéria Molnár. - 9789163704116 ; , s. 333-341
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract in UndeterminedSwedish and French avoid placing focused constituents at the left periphery of sentences. This has previously been suggested to be due to phonological factors. Here, we develop this idea and argue that the reason for avoiding focus at the left edge in these languages is the existence of syntactically related prosodic prominences in the beginning of utterances. Initial focal accents would overlap with the syntactically related accents, forcing a suboptimal prosodic structure. Further, we provide evidence for such a left-edge boundary tone in Swedish main clauses, as well as for a complementary strong tendency in Swedish to associate the right edge of sentences with focus.
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| 6. |
- Johansson, Victoria, et al.
(författare)
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Språk och hjärna
- 2013
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Ingår i: Språket, människan och världen : människans språk 1-2. - 9789144083391 ; , s. 225-241
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 7. |
- Johansson, Victoria, et al.
(författare)
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Språk och hjärna
- 2013
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Ingår i: Språket, människan och världen. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB.
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
- Mårtensson, Frida, et al.
(författare)
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Abstract, concrete and emotional words in the mental lexicon : A coding scheme for analyzing verbal descriptions of word meanings
- 2011
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Ingår i: The Third Conference of the Scandinavian Association for Language and Cognition, SALC III. - Copenhagen : University of Copenhagen. ; , s. 86-87
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous research has suggested that abstract and concrete semantics are processed and conceptualized differently (Pulvermüller 1999, Crutch & Warrington 2005; Fuster 2009). Specifically, concrete semantics is assumed to be processed by posterior, sensory brain areas, as opposed to an anterior processing of abstract semantic information. In addition, other researchers raise the question whether emotional words should be included in the abstract category (Altarriba & Bauer 2004, Kousta et al. 2009).Following this, the present study proposes a method for analyzing spontaneous discourse produced by aphasic and healthy subjects describing the meanings of abstract, concrete, and emotional words. Linguistic data related to word meanings were obtained by asking subjects to describe the meanings of nouns varying in concreteness and emotional arousal freely and as detailed as possible, a method based on Barsalou & Wiemer-Hastings (2005). Subjects with anterior/posterior lesions and healthy controls were hypothesized to differ in their retrieval and verbalization of semantic information related to the cue words, with posterior lesions affecting concrete semantic features and anterior lesions affecting higher levels of abstraction and structuring of information. Emotional information, partly processed by subcortical structures, was expected to be well-preserved despite cortical lesions.A coding scheme was developed in order to capture semantic and structural information in the transcribed material, taking the following factors into account:Type of information in an utterance: general/personal:episodic/personal:evaluative/procedural cuesClauses: main/subordinateRelation between produced content word and cue word: contextual/ property-basedSemantic information of produced content words: abstract/ concrete/emotionalWhether the topic is maintainedWhether the information is semantically acceptableThe proposed coding scheme makes it possible to investigate how different brain lesions affect retrieval and expression of semantic information with differing degrees of abstractness.Altarriba, J. & Bauer, L.M. (2004). The distinctiveness of emotion concepts: A comparison between emotion, abstract, and concrete words. The American Journal of Psychology 117(3), 389-410.Barsalou, L.W. & Wiemer-Hastings, K. (2005). Situating Abstract Concepts. In Grounding Cognition: The Role of Perception and Action in Memory, Language, and Thinking. Pecher, D. & Zwaan, R.A.(Eds). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Crutch, S.J. & Warrington, E.K. (2005). Abstract and concrete concepts have structurally different representational frameworks. Brain 128, 615-627.Fuster, J. (2009) Cortex and memory: Emergence of a new paradigm. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 21,11, 2047-2072.Kousta, S-T., Vigliocco, G., Vinson, D.P Andrews, M. (2009). Happiness is... an abstract word. The role of affect in abstract knowledge representation. In N.A. Taatgen & H. van Rijn (Eds.), Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, 1115-1120. Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society.Pulvermüller, F. (1999). Words in the brain's language. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 22, 253-336.
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