| 1. |
- Ekman, Anna, 1967, et al.
(författare)
-
Gender differences in musculoskeletal health of computer and mouse users in the Swedish workforce.
- 2000
-
Ingår i: Occupational medicine (Oxford, England). - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0962-7480 .- 1471-8405. ; 50:8, s. 608-13
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objectives of the study were to explore the musculoskeletal health of computer users in the Swedish workforce with regard to gender and psychosocial factors, and to describe gender differences between the occupational groups. A subset was chosen from a large survey of 12,462 individuals representing the workforce of Sweden, performed by Statistics Sweden. Included in the subset were 2044 subjects who worked for at least half their working hours with personal computers, or an equivalent device, and also used a computer mouse. All occupational groups had prevalence ratios (women/men) > 1. When using regression models, the variables 'learn and develop' and 'involved in planning your work' were health factors, and 'too much to do' was a risk factor for upper body symptoms for both women and men. For women 'PC duration 100' was a risk factor and 'support from superiors' was a health factor. Age seemed to be a stronger risk factor for men than for women.
|
|
| 2. |
- Arvidsson, Maria, 1970-
(författare)
-
När arbetet blev farligt : arbetarskyddet och det medicinska tänkandet 1884-1919
- 2002
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the end of the1940's Occupational Medicine was institutionalised in Sweden. Health hazilards in the work place was not a new field for the Swedish physicians. They had been preocrcupied with these problems for a long time.The aim of this thesis is to analyse and describe how health hazards in the work placees, ecpecially in the factories, were perceived and described by Swedish physicians at the turn of the 20t century. The aim is also to clarify the physicians' role m shaping, developing and supervising the Occupational Safety and Health Acts. The city of Norrköping is used as anexample in discussing how physicians at a local level paid attention to health and safety issues in the work place.According to the physicians, there were a number of harmful factors in the factory work that could endanger health, but these were also seen to be dependent on the worker. Workers ldisplayed different kinds of vulnerability to the harmful factors. Sex, heredity, age, health, physique, habits and behaviour were understood as determining components. The preventive measures not only contained guidelines for the factories. They also included advises on how '!the workers should organise and live their lives outside work.The life style and behaviour the physicians would like to encourage were aligned with the !cultural values of the bourgeoisie at the tum of the 20th century. It is vital to recognise the cultural lens through which the physicians perceived and spoke of the workers' situation, their way of life and their behaviour inside as well as outside the factory.
|
|
| 3. |
- Erikssen, G., et al.
(författare)
-
Exercise testing of healthy men in a new perspective: from diagnosis to prognosis
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Eur Heart J. - 0195-668X. ; 25:11, s. 978-86
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: It has recently been suggested that exercise testing may be more valuable prognostically than it is diagnostically in apparently healthy subjects. We wanted to compare the accuracy of CHD risk assessment based on classical risk factors with an assessment also based on multiple exercise test parameters. METHODS AND RESULTS: In 1972-75, 2014 apparently healthy men aged 40-60 had a symptom limited exercise test during a cardiovascular survey. Three hundred died from CHD during 26 years of follow-up. Compared to Cox regression models solely including classical risk factors (CRF), models also including multiple exercise test parameters (CRF+X) were clearly superior (P < 0.0001). Risk scores were computed based on the models. CRF and CRF+X risk scores often differed markedly; CRF+X scores were generally most reliable in both the high and low risk range. In smokers with cholesterol >6.5 mmol/l (n = 470), the CRF and CRF+X models identified 67 vs. 110 men at the highest CHD risk level according to European guidelines (34.2% vs. 38.2% CHD mortality). Three in five CRF+X-identified smokers with cholesterol >6.5 mmol/l had CHD mortality similar to the mean of all 2014 men. CONCLUSION: Integration of multiple exercise test parameters and conventional risk factors improved CHD risk assessment substantially--especially in smokers with high cholesterol.
|
|
| 4. |
- Dribe, Martin
(författare)
-
Long-term effects of childbearing on mortality: Evidence from pre-industrial Sweden
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Population Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1477-4747 .- 0032-4728. ; 58:3, s. 297-310
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents an analysis of the impact of childbearing history on later-life mortality for ever-married men and women using historical micro-level data of high quality for southern Sweden. The analysis uses a Cox proportional hazards model, estimating the effects on old-age mortality of number of births and timing of first and last births. By studying the effects of previous childbearing on mortality by sex and social status, we also gain important insights into the mechanisms relating childbearing to mortality in old age. The results show that number of children ever born had a statistically significant negative impact on longevity after age 50 for females but not for mates. Analysis by social group shows that only landless women experienced higher mortality from having more children, which seems to indicate that the main explanations are to be found in social or economic conditions specific to females, rather than in the strictly biological or physiological effects of childbearing.
|
|
| 5. |
- Kjällstrand, Jennica, 1974, et al.
(författare)
-
Phenols and aromatic hydrocarbons in chimney emissions from traditional and modern residential wood burning
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Environmental Technology. ; 22, s. 391-395
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The emissions from a traditional tiled stove consisted mainly of lignin-related methoxyphenols with antioxidant properties, and 1,6-anhydroglucose from cellulose degradation. A wood stove of presently introduced energy-efficient design for residential heating and hot-water supply was shown to emit small amounts of methoxyphenols and anhydrosugars from primary wood pyrolysis. Secondary harmful components like benzene and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons constituted a major portion of the organic emissions. It is concluded that differences in smoke composition are essential to consider in recommendations and rules for proper choices of wood burning devices.
|
|
| 6. |
- Kristenson, Hans, et al.
(författare)
-
Prevention of alcohol-related deaths in middle-aged heavy drinkers
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. - 0145-6008. ; 26:4, s. 478-484
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Alcohol as a cause of death in middle-aged patients is well-known from clinical studies. A similarly important correlation in the general population of urban middle-aged men is highly underestimated. Health screening investigations have shown that mortality related to alcohol is five times more common in nonparticipants than in participants. From the mid-70s, the Malmoe Screening and Intervention Study (MSIS) commenced screening investigations including a large number of residents of Malmoe. One goal was to find intervention programs for individuals in an early development of problem drinking, thereby preventing development of serious complications of endstage alcoholism. Herein, we report on the mortality of heavy drinkers (drinking more than 40 g alcohol/day) who were randomized to an intervention or control procedure and whose median survival was 13 years postentry into the MSIS. METHODS: Health-screened men, aged 45-49 years at the initial screening examination and displaying serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GT) in the top decentile of the GT distribution, were included. A total of 978 out of 11,257 participants met this criteria. A randomized intervention and control study was performed for four years and consisted of men (n = 667) who were born between 1927-1937 and who had two consecutive high GT values within 3 weeks along with heavy alcohol consumption. Half the individuals were informed of the test results and invited for further assessment by a senior physician (n = 365). The principles for brief intervention (DiClemente et al.,1991; Miller and Sanchez, 1993; National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 1999) were applied. The other half of the men (n = 302) were left with the information that they had a high GT value and were followed up with laboratory checkups every 2nd year. Mortality was followed up until 1991 and information on deaths was obtained from hospital and police records, necropsy reports, and death certificates. RESULTS: Long-term follow-up of mortality for 10-16 years (median, 13 years) showed that 124 of the 978 men had died (12.7%). Autopsy was performed in 96.5% of the cases. In 59 men (48%), death was alcohol-related. In the intervention group (n = 365), 38 (10.4%) men were dead and in the control group (n = 302), 42 (13.9%) men had died. There was a statistically significant difference (p = 0.026), with advantage for treatment. Less alcohol-related deaths and deaths occurring later during follow-up were found in the intervention group compared with the control group. The difference between the groups in total mortality, coronary heart disease, and cancer death was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: These findings support previous results from the MSIS study indicating that long-term intervention in urban males with alcohol-induced GT increases may be beneficial in terms of survival.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Andersson, Bert, 1952, et al.
(författare)
-
N-terminal proatrial natriuretic peptide and prognosis in patients with heart failure and preserved systolic function.
- 2000
-
Ingår i: Journal of cardiac failure. - : Elsevier BV. - 1071-9164. ; 6:3, s. 208-13
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Congestive heart failure and preserved left ventricular systolic function is a common clinical condition. Although the prognosis in this type of heart failure is better in comparison to systolic dysfunction, prognostic markers to evaluate long-term outcome are lacking. The atrial peptide, N-terminal proatrial natriuretic peptide (proANP), has been shown to predict survival in patients with systolic dysfunction. We intended to evaluate the predictive capability of N-terminal proANP in patients with preserved systolic function (ejection fraction [EF] > or = 0.40).A clinical and echocardiographic examination was performed in 149 patients with idiopathic heart failure from a population-based cohort, and 84 patients were identified to have preserved systolic function, with an EF of 0.40 or greater. The patients were followed up during 7 years with regard to symptoms, treatment, hospitalization, and survival. The patients with normal EFs had greater plasma concentrations of N-terminal proANP compared with a control group, and N-terminal proANP level was an independent predictor of mortality (risk ratio, 2.44; 95% confidence interval, 1.28 to 4.67; P = .007). In addition, a high concentration of N-terminal proANP predicted an increased rate of hospitalization (50% for a level > 1,200 pmol/L versus 19% for a level < or = 1,200 pmol/L; P = .046) and a greater future dosage of diuretic (127+/-102 vs 51+/-39 mg; P = .007).N-terminal proANP level was an independent marker of increased mortality and morbidity in patients with preserved systolic function, whereas EF was not usable in this regard. It is suggested that this peptide could be used to identify clinically relevant left ventricular dysfunction in patients with EFs within the normal range.
|
|
| 9. |
- Brattström, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
-
Serum VEGF and bFGF adds prognostic information in patients with normal platelet counts when sampled before, during and after treatment for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Lung Cancer. - : Elsevier BV. - 0169-5002 .- 1872-8332. ; 43:1, s. 55-62
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) have both been implicated to have roles in tumour angiogenesis. In the present retrospective study, serum VEGF and bFGF from patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were analysed before, during and after treatment. Seventy-three patients and a total of 460 serum samples were analysed for VEGF and 443 serum samples were analysed for bFGF. Pre-treatment bFGF levels in patients with normal platelet counts, were correlated to poorer survival, P-value = 0.047. During chemotherapy, each rise of one unit bFGF corresponded to a hazard ratio of 4.06 (P=0.022). In patients with normal platelet counts, VEGF levels after radiotherapy significantly correlated to good prognosis (P=0.023), during radiotherapy VEGF levels indicated the same correlation (P=0.085). We conclude that serum VEGF and especially bFGF are of clinical interest as prognostic factors, especially in patients presenting with normal platelet counts.
|
|
| 10. |
- Dellborg, Mikael, 1954, et al.
(författare)
-
Comparison of treatment and outcomes for patients with acute myocardial infarction in Minneapolis/St. Paul, Minnesota, and Göteborg, Sweden.
- 2003
-
Ingår i: American heart journal. - : Mosby, Inc.. - 1097-6744 .- 0002-8703. ; 146:6, s. 1023-9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is changing, and differences in medical practice are observed within and between countries on the basis of local practice patterns and available technology. These differing approaches provide an opportunity to evaluate medical practice and outcomes at the population level. The primary aim of this study was to compare medical care in patients hospitalized with AMI in 2 large cities in Sweden and the United States. A secondary aim was to compare medical outcomes.
|
|
