| 1. |
- Karlsson, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
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5-Hydroxytryptamine contracts human uterine artery smooth muscle predominantly via 5-HT2 receptors
- 1997
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Ingår i: Human Reproduction. - 0268-1161. ; 12:2, s. 361-367
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Serotonergic receptors were classified in the isolated human uterine artery with intact endothelium, using agonists and antagonists for 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptors. The efficacy for different agonists rated: alpha-methyl-5-HT (5-HT2) = 5-HT (non-selective) = 2-methyl-5-HT (5-HT3) >> sumatriptan (5-HT1), and the potency as: sumatriptan = 5-HT > 5-HT > alpha-methyl-5-HT > 2-methyl-5-HT. The contractile effects of 5-HT and alpha-methyl-5-HT were antagonized by the 5-HT2 receptor antagonist ketanserin and the non-selective antagonist methiothepin. The efficacy of sumatriptan was comparatively low. No interaction was encountered between 2-methyl-5-HT and MDL72222, suggesting an absence of 5-HT3 receptors. The results indicate that the contractile serotonergic receptor population in the human uterine artery mainly comprises 5-HT2 receptors, although a minor contribution of contractile 5-HT1 receptors cannot be excluded.
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| 2. |
- Karlsson, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors mediating circular smooth muscle contraction in the human umbilical artery
- 1999
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Ingår i: Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation. - : S. Karger AG. - 1423-002X .- 0378-7346. ; 47:2, s. 102-107
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study was performed to characterize pharmacologically the contractile 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptors in the circular smooth muscle of the isolated human umbilical artery. Effects of agonists and antagonists for different 5-HT receptor subtypes were studied in intact endothelium vessel segments. All agonists induced concentration-dependent circular smooth muscle contractions. The potency was in declining order 5-HT > alpha-methyl-5-HT > sumatriptan >/= 2-methyl-5-HT. The effects of 5-HT and alpha-methyl-5-HT were antagonized by ketanserin, as well as methiothepin. The contractile effect of sumatriptan was antagonized by methiothepin but not by ketanserin. The 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, MDL 72222, did not affect the contraction by any of the agonists, including 2-methyl-5-HT. It is concluded that the 5-HT-induced contraction in the circular smooth muscle of the human umbilical artery seems to be mediated by a mixed population of 5-HT1-like receptors and 5-HT2 receptors.
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| 3. |
- Berntorp, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Centraliserad vård grundläggande i vårdprogram för blödarsjuka
- 1999
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205. ; 96:15, s. 1849-1852
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Haemophilia is a rare and potentially life-threatening disease. In Sweden, with a population of approximately 8.5 million, about 350 people suffer from the more severe forms of haemophilia or von Willebrand disease. Meticulous management is important if the patients are to be spared chronic disability and serious treatment complications. The disease is lifelong and affects psychosocial aspects of life among patients and their families. With the help of a grant from the Swedish Board of Halth and Welfare, a care programme has been designed to guarantee Swedish haemophiliacs comparable and optimal care. The programme has been drawn up by representatives of the three haemophilia centres in Sweden (at University Hospital, Malmo, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, and Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm) in co-operation with the World Federation of National Haemophilia Organisations. To ensure optimal individual application of the programme, individualised management strategies and patient information leaflets have been prepared.
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| 4. |
- Sjörs, Gunnar
(författare)
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Neonatal water and heat exchange : The influence of environmental factors and infant maturity
- 1997
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The environment provided by commonly used infant incubators, the effect of radiantheat and exposure to cold air on the exchange of water and heat between newborninfants and their environment, and the water loss through the skin of infants born at24-25 weeks of gestation were investigated. The evaporation of water from the skinwas measured by the gradient method. Respiratory water loss and oxygenconsumption was measured with a method for indirect calorimetry, equipped foranalysis of water vapour.Incubators with double walls and with the flow of air from the incubators heatsource directed between those walls had more homogenous air and inner hoodsurface temperature distributions. Term newborn infants exposed to a reducedambient air temperature reacted with an increase in respiratory water loss andoxygen consumption and a decrease in peripheral skin blood flow and skintemperature before central body temperature was affected, indicating an increasednon-shivering thermogenesis. Term and preterm infants nursed under a radiantheater had a increased rate of evaporation of water from the skin, which is due to thedifference in ambient humidity, and not to an effect of the non-ionising radiation onthe permeability of the skin. Term and preterm infants nursed in an incubator with anadded radiant heat source reacted with increased skin temperature and reducedradiative heat loss. In preterm infants born at 24 and 25 weeks of gestation,transepidermal water loss was high during the first two days after birth and thendecreased at a slower rate than previously reported for a group of slightly lesspreterm infants.
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| 5. |
- Adlerberth, Ingegerd, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Intestinal colonization with Enterobacteriaceae in Pakistani and Swedish hospital-delivered infants.
- 1991
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Ingår i: Acta paediatrica Scandinavica. - 0001-656X. ; 80:6-7, s. 602-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rectal cultures from Swedish and Pakistani hospital-delivered newborn infants were analysed regarding the early acquisition of enterobacteria. Swedish infants were delivered vaginally, Pakistani infants were delivered either vaginally or by caesarean section. The Swedish infants were all breast-fed, whereas breastfeeding was incomplete and often started late among the Pakistani infants. Both groups of Pakistani infants were more rapidly colonized with enterobacteria than were the Swedish infants. Cultures from Swedish infants seldom yielded more than one kind of enterobacteria; E. coli and Klebsiella were most frequently isolated. E. coli dominated in both Pakistani groups, but especially caesarean section delivered infants were in addition often colonized with Proteus, Klebsiella, Enterobacter or Citrobacter species. Breastfeeding from the first day of life reduced colonization with Klebsiella/Enterobacter/Citrobacter. The results suggest that environmental exposure, delivery mode and early feeding habits all influence the early intestinal colonization with enterobacteria.
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| 6. |
- Sillén, Anna
(författare)
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Genetic investigations of four neurological disorders : From phenotype to mutation
- 1997
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- More than 5000, more or less rare, genetic diseases are known in man. A genetic disease is in most casesinherited from one generation to the next, and is caused by a change in the genetic code, a mutation.Once a disease gene is identified, the function of the gene and the mechanism underlying the diseasewill be better understood, allowing development of better therapeutic strategies (pharmacology andgene therapy).Hyperkalaemic periodic paralysis (hyperPP) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterised bytransient attacks of muscle weakness or paralysis. Two Swedish pedigrees with hyperPP showedlinkage to the gene encoding the adult skeletal muscle sodium alpha subunit channel (SCN4A). Anexchange of C2188 to T was found in the two pedigrees, resulting in a substitution of methionine forthreonine.Hypokalaemic periodic paralysis (hypoPP) is more common than the phenotypically relatedhyperPP. Thirteen families of Scandinavian origin were analysed and linkage was established to thegene for skeletal muscle calcium alpha subunit gene (CACNL1A3). Mutations were subsequentlyidentified in the patients. In all nine Danish families and in one Finnish family, a base pair substitutionwas observed, resulting in an amino acid change from arginine to histidine at position 528 in theprotein. In the remaining families, two Finnish and one Norwegian, a mutation causing replacementof arginine 1239 by histidine was found.Sjögren-Larsson syndrome (SLS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterised by mentalretardation, spastic di- or tetraplegia and congenital ichthyosis. By linkage analysis the SLS gene wasmapped to chromosome 17. A better genetic map of the region was established through three differentmethods: 1) by analysis of new microsatellite markers, 2) by analysis of a radiation hybrid panel to getan inter-marker order and 3) by analysis of YAC clones. Because of a founder effect, SLS is morecommon in the northern part of Sweden than in the rest of the world. The majority of Swedish SLSpatients were found to have a mutation in the seventh exon of the FALDH gene, the C943T mutation.This base pair substitution results in an amino acid change. Further mutations found in the remainingSwedish patients and in non-Swedish patients were four more amino acid changes, five mutationsresulting in a prematurely terminated protein and one combined deletion and insertion of bases,resulting in an insertion of six amino acids.A boy with multiple anomalies, including severe mental retardation, stenosis of the left bronchi,hirsutism and epilepsy, was analysed for chromosomal rearrangements. His karyotype showed additionof chromosomal material on one of his chromosome 1. Using fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH)with a chromosome 1 specific probe it was demonstrated that the extra material originated fromchromosome 1. Cosmids distributed over the long arm of chromosome 1 were used as probes toidentify the duplicated regions. It was shown that the mutation giving the boy his phenotype was aduplication of the chromosome bands 1q31 -q41.
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