| 1. |
- Humphrey, David, et al.
(författare)
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Benefits from a Changing Payment Technology in European Banking
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Banking & Finance. - 0378-4266 .- 1872-6372. ; 30:6, s. 1631-1652
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An “output characteristics” cost function is used to identify payment sources of technical change in European banking and estimate associated benefits. As the share of electronic payments in 12 European countries rose from 0.43 in 1987 to 0.79 in 1999 and ATMs expanded while the number of branch offices was constant, bank operating costs are $32 billion lower than they otherwise might have been, saving 0.38% of the 12 nations’ GDP. Policies facilitating these changes (antitrust exemptions to weakly coordinate implementation of payment service pricing) would permit benefits to be more fully realized.
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| 2. |
- Lindblom, Ted, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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Banks' Operational Risk Measurement in Practice: Swedish banks' adaptation to the Basel II accord
- 2009
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Ingår i: Wolpertinger Conference 2009, European Association of University Teachers of Banking and Finance, Sept 2-5, Rome, Italy.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Since the implementation of Basel II in 2007, risk management in banks includes capital adequacy requirement also for operational risk. A bank‟s exposure to risk may be evaluated based on three measurement approaches with different degree of sophistication. The aim of this paper is to evaluate Swedish banks‟ adoption of regulatory risk measurement approaches over the first two years of Basel II. Particular interest is paid to the impact of the financial crisis and the proportion of capital held by the banks depending on how they measure exposure to operational risk as well as in relation to their exposure to credit and market risk. We find that most banks are using the default approaches provided by the regulatory body as it does not pay off to use a more sophisticated approach. The use of more advanced approaches depends primarily on the size of the bank, but also its ownership. Finally, there is strong relationship between the banks‟ choice of operational risk approach and their regulatory approach used for measuring exposures to credit risk.
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