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- Carlsson, Fredrik, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Funding a New Bridge in Rural Vietnam: A field experiment on conditional cooperation and default contributions
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The ability to provide public goods is essential for economic and social development, yet there is very limited empirical evidence regarding contributions to a real local public good in developing countries. This paper analyzes a field experiment where 200 households in rural Vietnam could make real contributions to an archetypical public good, a bridge. In particular, we study the role of two kinds of social influence: i) conditional cooperation, i.e., that people may be more willing to cooperate if others do, and ii) the effects of the default alternative, i.e., that people are influenced by the default alternative presented to them in the choice situation. We find significant and substantial effects of both kinds of influence. For example, by either giving the subjects the additional information that one of the most common contributions by others is 100,000 dong (a relatively low contribution) or introducing a zero-contribution default alternative, the average contribution decreases by about 20% compared to the baseline case.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Den första nationella konferensen i nationalekonomi i Sverige
- 2011
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Ingår i: Ekonomisk Debatt. ; 39:2, s. 67-73
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Den 1–2 oktober 2010 hölls en nationell konferens i nationalekonomi i Lund. Konferensen samlade 140 deltagare och innehöll en plenarföreläsning, en paneldebatt, en postersession samt parallella sessioner där nästan 60 uppsatser presenterades. En andra konferens i samma format äger rum i Uppsala den 16–17 september 2011. I denna artikel redogör personerna i arrangörskommittén för sina erfarenheter och tankar kring framtida former för möten mellan svenska nationalekonomer.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Aronsson, Thomas, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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State-variable public goods when relative consumption matters : a dynamic optimal taxation approach
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper concerns the optimal provision of a state-variable public good, where the global climate is the prime example. The analysis is based on a two-type optimal income tax model with overlapping generations, where people care about their relative consumption. We consider both keeping-up-with-the-Joneses preferences (where people compare their own current consumption with others’ current consumption) and catching-up-with-the-Joneses preferences (where people compare their own current consumption with others’ past consumption). The extent to which the rule for public provision ought to be modified is shown to depend crucially on the preference elicitation format.
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| 5. |
- Folmer, Henk, et al.
(författare)
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Does Environmental Economics Produce Aeroplanes Without Engines? - On the Need for an Environmental Social Science
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this paper we first critically review conventional environmental economics. We conclude that the standard theory offers too narrow a perspective for many real world problems and that many theories are not empirically tested. Consequently, environmental economics is at risk of producing aeroplanes without engines. Next, we welcome and discuss some recent trends, particularly the rapid developments of behavioural and new institutional economics as well as the increased interest in empirical analysis. Yet, we conclude that more „logical duels‟ between competing theories, more interaction between theory and empirics, and more integration between the social sciences are needed to achieve a better understanding of real world environmental problems and the development of adequate policy handles. Finally, we present an outline of steps towards the development of an environmental social science and briefly present the papers that make up this special issue as important building stones of such a discipline.
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| 6. |
- Aronsson, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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Animal Welfare and Social Decisions
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper analyzes the standard welfare economics assumption of anthropocentric welfarism, i.e., that only human well-being counts intrinsically. Alternatives where animal welfare matters intrinsically are explored theoretically, based on moral philosophical literature, and empirically where the general public‘s ethical preferences are measured through a survey with a representative sample in Sweden. It is concluded that welfare economics should be generalized in order to encompass the idea that animal welfare should sometimes matter intrinsically.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Johansson-Stenman, Olof, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Self-Image and Valuation of Moral Goods: Stated versus Real Willingness to Pay
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Hypothetical bias in stated-preference methods appears sometimes to be very large, and other times non-existent. This is here largely explained by a model where people derive utility from a positive self-image associated with morally commendable behavior. The results of a choice experiment are consistent with the predictions of this model; the hypothetical marginal willingness to pay (MWTP) for a moral good (contributions to a WWF project) is significantly higher than the corresponding real MWTP, whereas no hypothetical bias is present for an amoral good (a restaurant voucher). Moreover, both the theoretical model and the experimental evidence suggest that also the real MWTP for the moral good is biased upwards by being higher within than outside the experimental context.
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| 10. |
- Biel, Anders, 1948, et al.
(författare)
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The willingness to pay–willingness to accept gap revisited: The role of emotions and moral satisfaction
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Psychology. ; 32:6, s. 908-917
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While many earlier studies have found that people’s maximum willingness to pay for having a good is often substantially lower than their minimum willingness to accept not having it, more recent experimental evidence suggests that this discrepancy vanishes for standard consumption goods when an incentive-compatible design without misconceptions is used. This paper hypothesises that there is nevertheless a discrepancy for goods with a perceived moral character, such as contributions to a good cause, and moreover that the reason for this discrepancy can largely be explained by differences in emotions and moral perceptions. The results from a real-money dichotomous-choice experiment, combined with measurements of emotions and morality, are consistent with these hypotheses
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