| 1. |
- Dahlin, Jakob, et al.
(författare)
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Chemical burns caused by trifluoroacetic acid.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Contact Dermatitis. - : Wiley. - 0105-1873. ; 69:3, s. 176-180
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Trifluoroacetic acid is a very strong carboxylic acid. The acid has been suspected to have similar toxic effects as hydrofluoric acid on skin contact. Hydrofluoric acid is highly toxic, owing to skin penetration by fluoride ions. A spill of hydrofluoric acid on the skin may be fatal. As trifluoroacetic acid contains fluorine, patients with chemical burns caused by trifluoroacetic acid have been given particular attention when treated in the hospital.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Mowitz, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Fragrance patch tests prepared in advance may give false-negative reactions.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Contact Dermatitis. - : Wiley. - 0105-1873. ; 71:5, s. 289-294
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several of the ingredients in fragrance mix I (FM I) have been shown to evaporate from petrolatum preparations applied in test chambers to an extent that can be suspected to affect the patch test result.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Svedman, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
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'Calibration' of our patch test reading technique is necessary.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Contact Dermatitis. - : Wiley. - 0105-1873. ; 66:4, s. 180-187
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Patch testing has been used for more than 100 years as the best means to diagnose contact allergy. The increased use of the technique makes standardization of the methodology most important. Progress in the standardization of the patch test technique has been made through guidelines. Objectives: To investigate the intra-individual and inter-individual differences in reading of patch tests in order to validate the actual patch test reading when reading is performed according to the same guidelines, and to determine whether information on guidelines actually improves the outcome of the patch test readings Patients/materials/methods. A patch test course for dermatologists was performed. Volunteers were patch tested with irritants and allergens in different concentrations. The patch test reader did not know what substances had been tested. Results: Irritant reactions/doubtful reactions and weak allergic reactions are difficult to differentiate (accordance for these reactions 21%, 19%, and 44%). Information and education have a beneficial effect on results, as shown by an improved kappa value. Conclusions: Standardization of patch test reading is important. Information on the classification system resulted in a significant improvement. Interpretation of guidelines should be continuously evaluated.
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