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| 2. |
- Bood, Sven-Åke, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of Flotation REST (Restricted Environmental Stimulation Technique) on Stress Related Muscle Pain : Are 33 flotation sessions more effective as compared to 12 sessions?
- 2007
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Ingår i: Social behavior and personality. - 0301-2212 .- 1179-6391. ; 35:2, s. 143-155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to investigate whether or not 33 flotation sessions were more effective for stress-related ailments than 12 sessions. Participants were 37 patients, 29 women and 8 men, all diagnosed as having stress-related pain of a muscle tension type. The patients were randomized to one of two conditions: 12 flotation-REST treatments or 33 flotation-REST treatments. Analyses for subjective pain typically indicated that 12 sessions were enough to get considerable improvements and no further improvements were noticed after 33 sessions. A similar pattern was observed concerning the stress-related psychological variables: experienced stress, anxiety, depression, negative affectivity, dispositional optimism, and sleep quality. For blood pressure no effects were observed after 12 sessions, but there was a significant lower level for diastolic blood pressure after 33 sessions. The present study highlighted the importance of finding suitable complementary treatments in order to make further progress after the initial 12 sessions.
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| 3. |
- Hochwälder, Jacek
(författare)
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An empirical exploration of the effect of personality on general and job-related mental ill-health
- 2006
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Ingår i: Social behavior and personality. - : Scientific Journal Publishers Ltd. - 0301-2212 .- 1179-6391. ; 34:9, s. 1051-1069
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the present study it was empirically explored how work-situation dimensions, personality dimensions, and personality-by-situation interactions are related to burnout and general mental ill health. Questionnaire data from 694 subjects were analyzed using hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses. The results suggest that: (a) personality should not be disregarded in theoretical discussions and empirical studies of burnout and general mental ill health; (b) personality can, to some extent, condition how the work environment dimensions affect an individual with regard to various aspects of burnout and general mental ill health; (c) attention should be given to the fact that some measures of burnout and mental ill health are more dependent on situational factors while other measures are more dependent on personality factors.
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| 4. |
- Kazemi, Ali, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of Group Goal and Resource Valence on Allocation Preferences in Public Good Dilemmas
- 2007
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Ingår i: Social behavior and personality. - : Society for Personality Research. - 0301-2212 .- 1179-6391. ; 35:6, s. 803-818
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous research has not been conclusive as to whether people prefer different or identical allocation principles in distributions of positive and negative outcomes. Thus, in this study, the question of whether or not group goal accounts for preferred allocation of positive and negative outcomes was posed. As hypothesized for division of surpluses, the results showed that relationship-oriented goals predicted preferences for equality, whereas performance oriented goals predicted preferences for equity. Moreover, the results were the same for allocation of deficits. This suggests that people implicitly have different orientations, or goals, in mind in group situations that similarly influence the way they prefer to allocate positive and negative outcomes. The results also showed that participants allocating deficits deviated to a larger extent from the allocation principles than did participants allocating surpluses.
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| 6. |
- Aleman, Kristian
(författare)
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Object relation quality, alexithymia, and defense mechanisms of drug abusers with antisocial personality disorder
- 2007
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Ingår i: Social Behavior and Personality. - 0301-2212. ; 35:10, s. 1335-1351
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose was to investigate, in a sample of drug abusers, whether subscales in the KAPP (Karolinska Psychodynamic Profile, Weinryb, 1992) interview and defense mechanisms explored by the DMTm (Defense Mechanism Technique modified) could differentiate between DSM-III-R clusters and personality disorders (PDs). Forty-seven (47) subjects out of the 84 injecting drug abusers (56%) recruited from a detoxification hospital ward in Sweden had a primary antisocial PD (ASPD) with a comorbid second DSM-III-R PD diagnosis. Pathology was significant on the KAPP subscales of “Dependency and separation,” “Alexithymic traits,” “Normopathic traits,” “Coping with aggressive affects,” and “Sexual satisfaction” in relation to cluster B (dramatic). All subscales were predominant in patients with ASPD/narcissistic PD, who showed the defense mechanism marked denial. The two latter subscales were related to patients with ASPD/borderline PD, who showed the defense of introaggression and the DMTm sign of disappearance of threat. Finally, some psychoanalytic constructs in KAPP and DMTm showed congruence.
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| 7. |
- Ghazinour, Seyedmehdi, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Anger related to psychopathology, temperament and character in healthy individuals : An explorative study
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of social behavior and personality. - San Rafael, CA : Select Press. - 0886-1641 .- 2168-3263. ; 37:9, s. 1197-1212
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated relationships between temperament, character, and anger experience, control, and expression. Police trainees (N = 103) completed the Temperament and Character Inventory (Cloninger, Przybeck, Svrakic, & Wetzel, 1994), the Symptom Checklist 90-R (SCR-90-R; Derogatis, 1994), and the State Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI-2, Spielberger, 1999). Personality scores were of greater significance compared to SCL-90-R scores for most of the STAXI-2 subscales while the scores of both personality and mental health contributed by a similar amount to trait anger. Temperament subscales explained a much greater amount of anger expression-in variance while variance of character subscales explained more of the variance in anger V, angry reaction, state, and trait anger. Character was found to be superior to temperament in the determination of anger, supporting a cognitively foused definition of anger.
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