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| 2. |
- Hommerberg, Charlotte, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Appraisal and the language of wine appreciation : A critical discussion of the potential of the Appraisal framework as a tool to analyse specialised genres
- 2015
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Ingår i: Functions of language. - : John Benjamins Publishing Company. - 0929-998X .- 1569-9765. ; 22:2, s. 161-191
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explores the language used by critics to appraise wine, at the same time investigating the validity and usefulness of categories in the Appraisal framework, as set out by Martin & White (2005). Our analysis of a corpus of wine reviews suggests that sub-categories of Appreciation — used to evaluate products, and non-human targets by reference to aesthetics and other values — may need extending or enhancing in terms of delicacy, depending on the register of the texts under investigation. An adapted version of the Appraisal system of Attitude is used as basis for our investigation. The assessment of our adapted model was carried out in the form of a comparison between two analysts’ independent annotations which function as a basis for a critical discussion of the proposed categories. The bulk of the paper discusses the relevance of our findings for the analysis of specialised genres in general, the field of wine criticism in particular and the application of the Appraisal model for discourse analysis. We conclude that the understanding and application of analytical categories is dependent on the analyst’s previous experience with the Appraisal model as well as acquaintance with the discourse field.
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- Malmström, Hans, 1980
(författare)
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Preaching in uncertain terms: the place of hedging language in contemporary sermonic discourse
- 2015
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Ingår i: Functions of Language. - : John Benjamins Publishing Company. - 0929-998X .- 1569-9765. ; 22:3, s. 332-361
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigates hedging (standardly assumed to express uncertainty, plausible reasoning and the like) in contemporary sermonic discourse as represented by sermon manuscripts and transcriptions of preacher interviews from three Christian denominations in the UK. The article addresses three research questions: (i) To what extent is preaching employed as a discursive resource during preaching; (ii) What form does hedging take in sermonic discourse; and (iii) What are preachers’ rationale for hedging? The results suggest that hedging is indeed of central concern in sermonic discourse with some kind of hedging device being called upon once every 32 seconds. When preachers hedge they rely on standard and transparent linguistic expressions that typically perform this discourse function, and the repertoire includes both ‘conversational’ hedges and hedges that recall practices characteristic of written academic discourse. When preachers self-report on their rationale for hedging a multitude of different discourse functions become apparent. However, it seems that hedging is rarely used to convey lack of epistemic confidence; rather, hedging is seen as a productive interpersonal means to address one of the main objectives of contemporary, turn-to-the-listener, preaching – namely acknowledging sermon listeners as active partners in a sermonic experience.
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- Viberg, Åke
(författare)
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Sensation, perception and cognition Swedish in a typological-contrastive perspective
- 2015
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Ingår i: Functions of language. - : John Benjamins Publishing Company. - 0929-998X .- 1569-9765. ; 22:1, s. 96-131
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents an analysis of the field of perception verbs in Swedish within a typological and contrastive framework. Earlier work has to a great extent focused on the concepts see and hear. This article focuses on the more 'raw' form of perception represented by sensations and on the combination of meanings referring to perception and cognition in Swedish kanna 'feel, know'. The polysemy of kanna turns out to be very language-specific even in relation to the most closely related Germanic languages. The polysemy of kanna is interesting also because this verb can refer to internal (bodily) perception and has an extension that covers blended spaces combining cognitive elements with emotional and bodily feelings (cf. feel remorse, feel convinced). Special attention is paid also to sensory verbs describing sensations of light and sound (cf. English glitter, glimmer, rattle, creak, etc.) and of bodily sensations and pain (cf. ache, itch, etc.) Sensations are interesting because - similar to sensory adjectives - evaluation and intensity are central components of their meaning in addition to the fine-grained description of sensory qualia. There are great differences across languages in the degree of elaboration of sensory verbs referring to sensations. Recent typological work has demonstrated great elaborations of taste verbs in some languages, whereas other languages have elaborated odor verbs. Swedish (similar to many other European languages) has a rich repertoire of sound verbs.
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| 5. |
- Caballero, Rosario, et al.
(författare)
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Making sense of sensory perceptions across languages and cultures
- 2015
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Ingår i: Functions of Language. - : John Benjamins Publishing Company. - 1569-9765. ; 22:1, s. 1-19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article has two aims: (i) to give an overview of research on sensory perceptions in different disciplines with different aims, and on the basis of that (ii) to encourage new research based on a balanced socio-sensory-cognitive approach. It emphasizes the need to study sensory meanings in human communication, both in Language with a capital L, focusing on universal phenomena, and across different languages, and within Culture with a capital C, such as parts of the world and political regions, and across different cultures, such as markets, production areas and aesthetic activities, in order to stimulate work resulting in more sophisticated, theoretically informed analyses of language use in general, and meaning-making of sensory perceptions in particular.
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