| 1. |
- Lindberg, Mikaela, et al.
(författare)
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Profitability of organic and conventional dairy production with different dietary proportions of high-quality grass silage
- 2013
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Ingår i: Organic Agriculture. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1879-4238 .- 1879-4246. ; 3, s. 31-39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The profitability in organic and conventional milk production systems when using three different dietary proportions (51 %, 62 % and 69 % of dry matter) of high-quality grass silage to dairy cows was calculated. Feed intake and milk production data were measured in a dairy cow experiment in which the same types of feeds were used over the entire lactation, but the proportion of forage was increased to three different degrees in the diet. The results of the economic analyses showed that full cost coverage was only reached within the organic production system and that a large herd size (160 cows) was required to achieve economically sustainable dairy production. However, large herd size required large pasture areas in organic production, which can be difficult to achieve in forest-dominated districts. The results of the calculated profitability showed that it was profitable to increase the average dietary proportion of high-quality silage from 51 % to 62 % of dry matter in conventional production with concentrate and grain prices at their current high levels. In organic production, there were only minor differences in calculated profitability between providing the obligatory 60 % and 69 % of dry matter as high-quality silage in the dairy cow diet.
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| 2. |
- Stenberg, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Nitrogen management strategies in organic winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) production
- 2013
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Ingår i: Organic Agriculture. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1879-4238 .- 1879-4246. ; 3, s. 71-82
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The efficiency of four different organic fertilisers applied to winter oilseed rape, before (early) or at the beginning of regrowth in spring (normal application time), was studied in two row spacing systems of 12 and 48 cm with inter row hoeing to provide strategies to optimise spring nitrogen (N) fertilisation to organic winter oilseed rape. Six annual field experiments were performed during 2005-2008 in south central Sweden. The following amendments, i.e., Vinass from yeast production, Biofer meat and bone meal, dairy slurry and chicken manure, were applied at a rate corresponding to 100 kgN ha-1. CropN uptake, seed yield and oil content indicated greater and earlier N availability of Vinass after application compared with the other amendments. Yield increased by 1,300 kg ha-1 at early spring application (27 March) of Vinass and by 700 kg ha-1 when applied at normal application time (18-26 April). The yield increase was 400 kg ha-1 regardless of application time of Biofer, chicken manure and dairy slurry. The substantially greater yield increase in the Vinass application in relation to the other fertilisers demonstrated the yield potential when N is available earlier. The smaller effect on the yield by the other organic amendments indicated that the N release was not synchronised with the crop demand, and available too late during crop development to affect yield or less N was available due to N losses. Consequently, only Vinass can be recommended for spring application. The two row spacing systems tested can both be recommended, since yield levels were similar.
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| 3. |
- Gustavsson, Larisa, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic diversity in Swedish and Finnish heirloom apple cultivars revealed with SSR markers
- 2013
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Ingår i: Scientia Horticulturae. - : Elsevier BV. - 0304-4238 .- 1879-1018. ; 162, s. 43-48
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A set of 85 heirloom apple cultivars aimed for long-term preservation in two germplasm collections in Sweden and Finland was evaluated with 8 SSR primer pairs to evaluate genetic diversity and genetic relatedness. An additional set of 16 European cultivars was included for comparison. The eight SSR primer pairs amplified 9 loci and 105 alleles. Genetic analyses performed by MDS indicated some differentiation between Swedish and Finnish cultivars, with European cultivars intermixed with the Swedish. The existence of three groups was, however, indicated by a Bayesian model-based clustering. One of the groups was clearly dominated by Swedish cultivars and another by Finnish. The third group included almost equal proportions of representatives from all three areas. The obtained results confirmed the genetic distinctness of Finnish apple cultivars, which can be explained by climate adaptation and admixture with a Russian gene pool. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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