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- He, Tailun, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Dental eruption and exfoliation chronology in the ferret (Mustela putorius furo).
- 2002
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Ingår i: Archives of oral biology. - 0003-9969. ; 47:8, s. 619-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Substituting ferrets for rats and dogs as animal models for craniofacial research is favourable because of the similarity of many of the ferret's anatomical, metabolic and physiological features to those of man. Other advantages are cost-effectiveness and possibly less ethical controversy. However, information on the dental chronology of ferrets needs to be supplemented if this animal is to be promoted as an alternative model. Dental development was here examined in 16 ferrets (eight males, eight females) from three litters at between 12 and 90 days of age. Dental eruption and exfoliation were assessed and recorded every second day. The sequence of eruption of deciduous and permanent teeth was determined and data were analysed statistically. Also, any sex-related differences in eruption and exfoliation ages were defined. No deciduous incisors were observed to erupt in this group of animals. Other deciduous teeth erupted between the 19th and 31st postnatal days, and exfoliated between days 51 and 76. The time of eruption of the permanent teeth ranged from 42 to 77 days, in accordance with the stage of the mixed dentition. The female ferrets were generally ahead of the males in the exfoliation age of their deciduous teeth and the eruption age of their permanent teeth, but this, a sex difference did not apply to the eruption age of the deciduous teeth. These extended basic data might facilitate the introduction of this alternative experimental animal into craniofacial research.
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- He, Tailun, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of masticatory muscle function on craniofacial morphology in growing ferrets (Mustela putorius furo).
- 2003
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Ingår i: European journal of oral sciences. - 0909-8836. ; 111:6, s. 510-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Studying the effects of masticatory muscle function on craniofacial morphology in animal models with different masticatory systems is important for further understanding of related issues in humans. Forty 5-wk-old male ferrets were equally divided into two groups. One group was fed a diet of hard pellets (HDG) and the other group was fed the same diet but softened with water (SDG). Lateral and dorsoventral cephalograms were taken on each group after 6 months. Cephalometric measurements were performed by digital procedures. For SDG ferrets, the hard palate plane was more distant from the cranial base plane, and canines were more proclined compared with HDG ferrets. The SDG ferrets were also found to have smaller interfrontal and interparietal widths, and a slenderer zygomatic arch than the HDG ferrets. In the mandible, the coronoid process was generally shorter and narrower for the SDG ferrets. The effects of the altered masticatory muscle function on craniofacial morphology in growing ferrets seemed to differ from those previously reported in other animal models studied under similar experimental conditions. Such differences in the effects are presumably related to the differences in the mode of mastication, craniofacial anatomy and growth pattern in different animal models.
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- He, Tailun, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Macroscopic and roentgenographic anatomy of the skull of the ferret (Mustela putorius furo).
- 2002
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Ingår i: Laboratory animals. - 0023-6772. ; 36:1, s. 86-96
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Normal macroscopic and roentgenographic features of the skull of the ferret (Mustela putorius furo) were examined and described. Data were based on a sample of 100 (50 male and 50 female) adult ferrets of known body weight and age. The skull was described macroscopically according to six standard views, i.e. dorsal, lateral, ventral, caudal, cranial and midsagittal. The mandible was described separately. The roentgenographic characteristics of the ferret skull were demonstrated only in lateral and dorsoventral projections. Furthermore, the skull length and width as well as the minimum frontal width were measured, and skull indices were derived from relevant measurements. Sexual dimorphism was examined both morphologically and craniometrically. Besides the common features of a carnivore skull, the ferret skull is relatively elongated and flat with a short facial region. The skulls of adult male ferrets are about 17% longer and 22% wider than those of the females. Significant sexual dimorphism also exists regarding certain skull indices. The general features and some dimensional parameters of the adult ferret skull support the contention that the ferret would be an interesting and workable alternative animal model in craniofacial research.
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- Wetterskog, Daniel, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Loss of redness (a*) as a method to measure hemoglobin-mediated lipid oxidation in washed cod mince
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0021-8561 .- 1520-5118. ; 52:24, s. 7214-7221
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Instrumental measurement of redness loss (decrease in a* value) was evaluated as a tool to follow hemoglobin (Hb)-mediated lipid oxidation in fish muscle. Two washed cod mince model systems were used (prepared at pH 6.5 and 5.5), both fortified with 15 μmol/kg of trout Hb and adjusted to pH 6.5 and 81% moisture. The rate of oxidation was varied through pH alterations (pH 6.1 and 6.9) and addition of an antioxidative cod muscle press juice. During ice storage, TBARS, painty odor, and a* values were followed. In all “oxidizing” samples, a* values correlated well with TBARS and painty odor development; r = −0.95 and −0.77, respectively. In press juice containing samples, the correlation was lower (0.55 for a* vs TBARS) because there was a slight a* value decrease even in the absence of measurable lipid oxidation. a* values distinguished between “oxidizing” and stable samples within 1 day, before any lipid oxidation products could be chemically detected. It was confirmed in an aqueous phosphate buffer model system that the redness loss corresponded to a buildup of brownish met-Hb at the expense of oxy- and deoxy-Hb. The a* value data were best used as a lipid oxidation index by calculating the rate of decrease (k value) in the “initial phase” of the redness loss (before accumulation of lipid oxidation products) or in the “differentiation phase” (during the exponential raise in TBARS/painty odor). Calibration to lipid oxidation products must, however, be made for each specific sample type. Washing method, pH, Hb-type, etc., all affected both k values and absolute a* readings. Small yellowness (b*) increases also occurred along with a* value losses, possibly the result of polymerized Schiff bases.
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- Berg, Christina, 1963
(författare)
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Influences on schoolchildren's dietary selection : focus on fat and fibre at breakfast
- 2002
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- One important aim of the Swedish Action Programme for Nutrition is to increase the consumption of dietary fibre and decrease fat intake. The currently available extensive range of fat-reduced and fibre-enriched foods makes these dietary practices possible, but also makes the selection of a health promoting diet more complex. This thesis aims to contribute to the understanding of psychosocial influences on schoolchildren?s food choice, with specific attention to fat and fibre content. The focus was on breakfast because typical Swedish breakfast foods are important sources of fat and fibre. The Theory of Planned Behaviour formed the theoretical basis of the studies. All pupils in the 5th, 7th and 9th grades in M?lndal municipality (N=1730) were asked to complete a questionnaire and a 7-day food record. Interviews were performed with 181 of those subjects. A picture-sort interview technique, the ?stacking box methodology?, was employed to describe perceptions and habitual choices. Assessing diets of children and adolescents is not an easy task. As in all dietary surveys, reporting and participation biases may exist. The present study using food records illustrates several such biases, which should be taken into consideration in the design, analysis and interpretation of future studies. The ?stacking box methodology? seems promising, and appeared to have some advantages compared to traditional methods. However, the two dietary assessment methods generally yielded similar results. Reduced-fat choices of milk and margarine were common, although a considerable number of subjects consumed full-fat products. When it comes to the consumption of bread and cereals, the low-fibre alternatives dominated. At the age of 11 as well as 15, children?s own attitudes and underlying beliefs were of importance for breakfast food choices, as was parental influence. Parents influenced food choice by controlling food availability, acting as models and encouraging the child to consume. The perceived parental norms supported dietary changes towards products with more fibre but not towards fat-reduced products. However, the perception of parents? own consumption seemed to favour consumption of fat-reduced milk. Participants? attitudes were associated with health beliefs as well as taste perceptions. In general, the results suggest that taste may be a barrier to the consumption of high-fibre products, while consumption of low-fat products appears to be impeded by health beliefs. Contrary to several other studies, the present results suggest that some aspects of young people?s dietary behaviour are related to their knowledge. Specifically, the choice of high-fibre products was associated with knowledge of fibre sources and the choice of fat-reduced milk products was associated with a positive attitude towards limited fat intake.
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