| 1. |
- Berg, Christina, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Decreased exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) in obese with asthma symptoms: Data from the population study INTERGENE/ADONIX
- 2011
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Ingår i: Chest. - : Elsevier BV. - 0012-3692. ; 139:5, s. 1109-1116
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract BACKGROUND: Several studies have demonstrated an association between obesity and asthma. However, it is uncertain if fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FENO), which is used as a marker of airway inflammation, and atopy are associated with BMI. The aim was to examine if obese with asthma symptoms have a different phenotype of asthma than non-obese as indicated by FENO. METHODS: The subjects (n=2187) consist of women and men, aged 25-74, living in Gothenburg, Sweden, participating in the randomly selected INTERGENE study cohort. Measurements include anthropometric measures, bioelectric impedance, FENO, pulmonary function, blood samples for IgE and questionnaires including items on respiratory symptoms. Obesity was defined as BMI≥30 kg/m(2). In this cross-sectional analysis, general linear models were used to analyse how FENO was associated with anthropometry, body composition, wheezing and atopy. RESULTS: In non-obese subjects, wheezing was associated with raised FENO and atopy, whereas, in contrast, obese with wheezing had lower FENO than obese without wheezing (16.1 v.s. 19.1 ppb, p<0.01). The prevalence of atopy was similar in both those sub-groups (25.0 v.s. 20.7%, p=0.4). Similarly, in 395 subjects (19%) who reported wheezing, FENO was negatively associated with BMI, waist-hip ratio and percentage of body fat, while no significant relationships were observed in those without respiratory symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Wheezing was significantly associated with reduced FENO in obese subjects, whereas there was a positive association between wheezing and FENO among the non-obese, indicating a possible difference in asthma phenotype, based on body weight.
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| 2. |
- Mehlig, Kirsten, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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CETP TaqIB genotype modifies the association between alcohol and coronary heart disease: The INTERGENE case-control study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Alcohol. - : Elsevier BV. - 0741-8329. ; 48:7, s. 695-700
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Alcohol consumption at moderate levels has been associated with decreased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). However, the cardio-protective effect of alcohol may be restricted to subjects with a particular genotype of the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) polymorphism. There is evidence for this from one study in men, but the finding has not been confirmed since. The present study specifically re-examines the potential modification of the association between alcohol consumption and CHD by the CETP TaqIB (rs708272) polymorphism in a sample including both men and women. The INTERGENE case-control study consists of 618 patients with CHD and 2921 control subjects, of whom 19% were homozygous for the CETP TaqIB B2 allele. Alcohol consumption was categorized into sex-specific tertiles of ethanol intake, with non-drinkers constituting a separate category. Logistic regression was used to determine the association between CHD with genotype, ethanol intake, and their interaction. Participants with intermediate ethanol intake (2nd tertile) had lower risk of CHD than those with low ethanol intake (odds ratio [OR] = 0.65; 95% confidence interval [Cl] 0.50-0.85). The strongest protective association was seen in the CETP TaqIB B2 homozygotes for intermediate vs. low ethanol intake (odds ratio OR = 0.21; 95% CI 0.10-0.44). The interaction between ethanol intake and genotype was statistically significant (p = 0.008), and of similar size in men and women though significant only in men (p = 0.01). The effect modification could not be explained by differences in lifestyle, socioeconomics, or alcohol-related biological variables such as HDL-cholesterol. Our study is the first to replicate previous findings of an effect modification in men. It gives only suggestive results for women, possibly due to the small number of female cases (n = 165). The prevented fraction for the favorable combination of genotype and alcohol consumption is about 6%, a value suggesting that the cardio-protective effect of moderate alcohol consumption applies only to a small segment of the general population. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.
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| 3. |
- Mehlig, Kirsten, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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The association between plasma homocysteine and coronary heart disease is modified by the MTHFR 677C>T polymorphism.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Heart (British Cardiac Society). - : BMJ. - 1468-201X .- 1355-6037. ; 99:23, s. 1761-1765
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An elevated level of total plasma homocysteine (tHcy) has been associated with risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). The level of tHcy is affected by lifestyle, in addition to genetic predisposition. The methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677C>T polymorphism (rs1801133) is among the strongest genetic predictors of tHcy. We examined whether the association between tHcy and CHD is modified by the MTHFR 677C>T polymorphism.
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| 4. |
- Olin, Anna-Carin, 1960, et al.
(författare)
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Increased fraction of exhaled nitric oxide predicts new-onset wheeze in a general population.
- 2010
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Ingår i: American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine. - 1535-4970. ; 181:4, s. 324-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- RATIONALE: Fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (Fe(NO)) is regarded as a marker of airway inflammation. It is unknown whether increased Fe(NO) in respiratorily healthy subjects increases the risk of developing wheeze. OBJECTIVES: To examine if increased levels of Fe(NO) predicts later onset of wheeze. METHODS: We followed up 2,200 men and women from a general population-based study. At baseline, the subjects were investigated with questionnaires, blood samples, pulmonary function tests, and Fe(NO). At follow-up 4 years later, all subjects were mailed a respiratory questionnaire. The association between incident wheeze and baseline levels of Fe(NO) over the 90th percentile were evaluated calculating hazard ratios using Cox regression models adjusted for smoking habits, age, height, sex, and atopy. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The follow-up questionnaire was completed by 1,896 subjects (86.2%). All subjects reporting wheeze, asthma, or asthma symptoms at baseline were excluded resulting in a study population of 1,506 subjects. Of these, 49 subjects reported new-onset wheeze. The median concentration of Fe(NO) at baseline was significantly higher among those with new-onset wheeze (18.8 ppb vs. 15.8 ppb, P = 0.03). In a Cox regression model including all subjects, Fe(NO) over the 90th percentile predicted onset of wheeze (hazard ratio 2.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.4-5.4). In stratified models, this was most apparent among never-smokers and in atopic subjects, for whom the odds ratios were higher. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that increased Fe(NO) is associated with an increased risk of developing wheeze. The results also support the hypothesis that increased level of Fe(NO) among subjects without respiratory symptoms is a sign of subclinical airways inflammation.
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| 5. |
- Strandhagen, Elisabeth, 1960, et al.
(författare)
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Selection bias in a population study with registry linkage – potential effect on social gradient in cardiovascular risk
- 2010
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Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - 1573-7284. ; 25:3, s. 163-172
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Non-participation in population studies is likely to be a source of bias in many types of epidemiologic studies, including those describing social disparities in health. The objective of this paper is to present a non-attendance analysis evaluating the possible impact of selection bias, when investigating the association between education level and cardiovascular risk factors. Data from the INTERGENE research programme including 3,610 randomly selected individuals aged 25-74 (1,908 women and 1,702 men), in West Sweden were used. Only 42% of the invited population participated. Non-attendance analyses were done by comparing data from official registries (Statistics Sweden) covering the entire invited study population. This analysis revealed that participants were more likely to be women, have university education, high income, be married and of Nordic origin compared to non-participants. Among participants, all health behaviours studied were significantly related to education. Physical activity, alcohol use and breakfast consumption were higher in the more educated group, while there were more smokers in the less educated group. Central obesity, obesity and hypertension were also significantly associated with lower education level. Weaker associations were observed for blood lipids, diabetes, high plasma glucose level and perceived stress. The socio-demographic differences between participants and non-participants indicated by the register analysis imply potential biases in epidemiological research. For instance, the positive association between education level and frequent alcohol consumption, may, in part be explained by participation bias. For other risk factors studied, an underestimation of the importance of low socioeconomic status may be more likely.
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