| 1. |
- Andersson, Ann-Christine, et al.
(författare)
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Five Types of Practice-Based ImprovementIdeas in Health Care Services: An EmpiricallyDefined Typology
- 2011
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Ingår i: Quality Management in Health Care. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1063-8628 .- 1550-5154. ; 20:2, s. 122-130
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study is to empirically identify and present different kinds of practice-based improvement ideas developed in health care services. The focus is on individual placement needs, problems/issues, and the ability to organize work on the development, implementation, and institutionalization of ideas for the health care sector. This study is based on a Swedish county council improvement program. Health care departments and primary health care centers in the Kalmar County Council were invited to apply for money to accomplish improvement projects. A qualitative content analysis was done of 183 proposed applications from various health care departments and primary health care centers. The following 5 types of improvement projects were identified: organizational process, evidence and quality, competence development, process technology, and proactive patient work. This illustrates the range of strategies that encourage letting individual units define their own improvement needs. These projects point to the various problems and experiences health care professionals encounter in their day-to-day work. To generalize beyond this improvement program and to validate the typology, we applied it to all articles found when searching for quality improvement projects in the journal Quality Management in Health Care during the last 2 years and found that all of them could be fitted into at least 1 of those 5 categories. This article provides valuable insights into the current state of improvemen work in Swedish health care, and will serve as a foundation for further investigations in this quality improvement program.
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| 2. |
- Berg, Katarina, et al.
(författare)
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Postoperative recovery after different orthopedic day surgical procedures
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Journal of Orthopaedic and Trauma Nursing. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 1878-1241 .- 1878-1292. ; 15:4, s. 165-175
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Orthopedic day surgery is common. Postoperative recovery may differ according to surgical procedures and personal factors. We studied postoperative recovery up to 2 weeks after different orthopedic day surgical procedures and tried to identify possible predictors associated with recovery. Three-hundred and fifty eight patients who had undergone knee arthroscopy or surgery to the hand/arm, foot/leg or shoulder were included. Data were collected on postoperative days 1, 7 and 14 using the Swedish Post-discharge Surgery Recovery scale, the emotional state, physical comfort and physical independence dimensions in the Quality of Recovery-23 and a general health question. Multiple linear regression was used to explore predictors of recovery. The shoulder patients experienced significantly lower postoperative recovery and general health 1 and 2 weeks after surgery compared to the other patient groups (p < 0.001). Significant predictors of recovery were age, perceived health and emotional status on the first postoperative day and type of surgery. Postoperative recovery after common orthopedic day surgical procedures varies and factors influencing it need to be further explored. The impact of a patient’s emotional state on recovery after day surgery can be of particular interest in this work. Post-discharge planning needs to be tailored to the surgical procedure.
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| 3. |
- Bergenzaun, Lill, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing left ventricular systolic function in shock : evaluation of echocardiographic parameters in intensive care
- 2011
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Ingår i: Critical Care. - : BioMed Central. - 1364-8535 .- 1466-609X. ; 15:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Assessing left ventricular (LV) systolic function in a rapid and reliable way can be challenging in the critically ill patient. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and reliability of, as well as the association between, commonly used LV systolic parameters, by using serial transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). METHODS: Fifty patients with shock and mechanical ventilation were included. TTE examinations were performed daily for a total of 7 days. Methods used to assess LV systolic function were visually estimated, "eyeball" ejection fraction (EBEF), the Simpson single-plane method, mean atrioventricular plane displacement (AVPDm), septal tissue velocity imaging (TDIs), and velocity time integral in the left ventricular outflow tract (VTI). RESULTS: EBEF, AVPDm, TDIs, VTI, and the Simpson were obtained in 100%, 100%, 99%, 95% and 93%, respectively, of all possible examinations. The correlations between the Simpson and EBEF showed r values for all 7 days ranging from 0.79 to 0.95 (P < 0.01). the Simpson correlations with the other LV parameters showed substantial variation over time, with the poorest results seen for TDIs and AVPDm. The repeatability was best for VTI (interobserver coefficient of variation (CV) 4.8%, and intraobserver CV, 3.1%), and AVPDm (5.3% and 4.4%, respectively), and worst for the Simpson method (8.2% and 10.6%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: EBEF and AVPDm provided the best, and Simpson, the worst feasibility when assessing LV systolic function in a population of mechanically ventilated, hemodynamically unstable patients. Additionally, the Simpson showed the poorest repeatability. We suggest that EBEF can be used instead of single-plane Simpson when assessing LV ejection fraction in this category of patients. TDIs and AVPDm, as markers of longitudinal function of the LV, are not interchangeable with LV ejection fraction.
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| 4. |
- Fröjd, Victoria, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of nanoporous TiO2 coating and anodized Ca2+ modification of titanium surfaces on early microbial biofilm formation.
- 2011
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Ingår i: BMC oral health. - London, UK : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6831. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The soft tissue around dental implants forms a barrier between the oral environment and the peri-implant bone and a crucial factor for long-term success of therapy is development of a good abutment/soft-tissue seal. Sol-gel derived nanoporous TiO2 coatings have been shown to enhance soft-tissue attachment but their effect on adhesion and biofilm formation by oral bacteria is unknown.
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| 5. |
- Granklint Enochson, Pernilla, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Fem elevers föreställningar om organsystem : vad händer i kroppen när vi dricker vatten?
- 2011
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Ingår i: NorDiNa. - Oslo : Naturfagsenteret / Norwegian Centre for Science Education. - 1504-4556 .- 1894-1257. ; 7:2, s. 160-178
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has earlier been shown on a group level that it is difficult for 9th grade students (15-16 years old) in a Swedish school to understand how water is transported in the human body. The detailed analysis of five Swedish students in the 9th and final year of compulsory school concerning their ideas about water transportation is presented here. The empirical data consists of drawings, answers to a questionnaire with both open ended and multiple-choice questions, and student interviews. The analysis shows that all the students struggle to produce explanations involving the three organ systems: digestive, blood and excretion systems and they seem to use a variety of explanatory models as basis for their reasoning. Possible ways of understanding this are discussed together with implications for future teaching
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Lundberg, Anna
(författare)
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The Best Interests of the Child Principle in Swedish Asylum Cases : The Marginalization of Children's Rights
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Human Rights Practice. - : Oxford University Press. - 1757-9619 .- 1757-9627. ; 3:1, s. 49-70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article is based on a two-year research project, ‘The Best Interests of the Child – From Words to Deeds’. The aim of the article is to present and highlight findings on the discrepancy between the policy of the ‘best interests’ principle and its implementation in the asylum application procedures at the Swedish Migration Board. There is a clear ambition to implement the principle of the best interests of the child in the Swedish asylum process. The Swedish Aliens Act and policy documents call for authorities and courts to give due weight to the best interests principle, mainly by taking children's own experiences into account and by analysing the potential impacts of the Board's decisions in individual cases. However, several discrepancies between words and deeds were identified. Firstly, children were not heard to the extent expected in light of the Swedish legislation, and the children's individual grounds for asylum were seldom addressed in interviews with them. Secondly, children's responses were not taken seriously in the assessment of asylum claims. Finally, the ‘best interests’ paragraph in the legislation was mainly used to legitimate rejected asylum applications. Despite the aspirations of civil servants to take individual children's needs and rights into account, a number of challenges often cause children's rights to be neglected. These include the officer's fear of reviving children's traumatic past experiences, mistrust regarding the grounds of asylum claims, and the lack of time caused by under-resourcing. The main finding drawn from the study is that, at the Migration Board, children's rights are treated as secondary to the national interest of keeping overall migration numbers down. A solution to this problem, presented in the article, would be to more clearly assess children's asylum claims in light of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC). Such a rights-based approach to the best interests of the child would help officials to act within their discretion.
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| 8. |
- Markström, Ann-Marie, 1956-
(författare)
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"Soft governance" i förskolans utvecklingssamtal.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Educare. - Malmö : Malmö högskola Fakulteten foer Lärande och Samhälle. - 1653-1868 .- 2004-5190. ; :2, s. 57-75
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- According to the Curriculum for the Swedish preschool, parent-teacher conferences are important practices in the intermediate sphere and in the relations between home and preschool. This article draws on a study in which the overall aim is to explore how parent-teacher conferences are constructed and used in the Swedish preschool. Using transcripts of audiotaped episodes from parent-teacher conferences, the analysis reveals that the interactions are charactarised by formality in accordance with institutional talk in other institutional settings, but also to a large extent of informality. Additionally, the analyses show that the parent-teacher conferences are characterized by a “soft governance” both in terms of their contents (what) and its form (how). The teachers use various communicative techniques that govern the conversation: closeness and intimacy, the use of anecdotes, references to the common interest of the child, element of humor and laughter, and seemingly neutral questions. In this article it is also discussed how soft governance are used in the construction and assessment of a desirable preschool child and parent. Keywords: assessment, parent-teacher conference, preschool, soft governance
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| 9. |
- Osanami Törngren, Sayaka
(författare)
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Love ain't got no color? : Attitude toward interracial marriage in Sweden
- 2011
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation focuses on the geographical area of Malmö, the third largest city in Sweden, and examines the majority society’s opinions and attitudes toward interracial dating, marriage and childbearing. The dissertation is driven by two theoretical frames: the theory of race as ideas constructed through the perception of visible differences and the theory of prejudice and stereotypes. Mixed methods have been chosen as a means of exploring people’s attitudes toward interracial relationships. Quantitative data was collected by means of an attitude survey and the qualitative data was collected by means of follow-up interviews with some of the respondents who participated in the survey. The study shows that although their attitudes vary depending on the different groups in question, the majority of the respondents and interviewees could imagine getting involved in interrelationships and would not react negatively if a family member got involved in such a relationship. The quantitative results address the importance of intimate contacts, in other words having friends of diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds in having more positive attitudes toward interracial dating, marriage and childbearing. Age, gender, education and the place of upbringing also affects people’s attitudes. The qualitative inquiry probes the reasoning behind the survey results and points to the complicated relations between individual attitudes and the sense of group position. The interviewees’ words depict color-blind ways of talking about attitudes toward interracial marriage and different groups. Ideas of race emerge in this color-blind reasoning and the role of visible difference is highlighted both through the quantitative and qualitative inquiries.
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