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- Bengtsson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Rörlig bild som metod för dialog i arbetslivet
- 1989
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Ingår i: Nordisk Ergonomi. ; :3-4, s. 17-22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Avsikten med denna rapport är att presentera delresultat från forskningsprojektet "Dynamisk Beskrivning med Datorstödd Bild" (DBDB). I projektet arbetar psykologer, arkitekter och arbetsmiljötekniker med att utveckla och utvärdera dels tredimensionella rörliga bilder (verklighetstrogen animering) och simulering på dator, dels en beteendevetenskaplig metod och samarbetsform. Syftet är att skapa förutsättningar för bättre dialog och samverkan i en organisation. Med samverkan menas att olika personalkategorier gemensamt deltar i planering och utveckling av verksamheten. Projektet syftar även till att utveckla rörliga bilder och simulering som hjälpmedel för utbildning och kompetensutveckling. Arbetet påbörjades i januari 1988. Hittills har två pilotstudier genomförts och en större fallstudie avslutas under maj månad. Projektet är ett resultat av de ansträngningar som görs för att bygga upp nätverk för samarbete mellan olika vetenskapliga discipliner vid Lunds Universitet. Samarbetet går under arbetsnamnet MTA (Människan, Tekniken och Arbetslivet)- Forskningsprojektet är finansierat av Styrelsen för Teknisk Utveckling och Arbetsmiljöfonden i deras gemensamma MDA-program (Människan, Datortekniken och Arbetslivet). Till projektet hör även en referensgrupp med företrädare för SACO, TCO, LO, SAF och MDA.
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- Eberhardt, Jacob L, et al.
(författare)
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The Disturbance by Road Traffic Noise of the Sleep of Young Male Adults as Recorded in the Home
- 1987
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Ingår i: Journal of Sound and Vibration. - 0022-460X. ; 114:3, s. 417-434
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Primary effects of road traffic noise on sleep, as derived from EEG, EOG, and EMG, were studied for seven young males (aged 21–27) in their homes along roads with heavy traffic during the night. A more quiet experimental condition was obtained by mounting sound-insulating material in the window openings, thus reducing the interiors noise level by an average of 8 dB(A). The present investigation shows that the subjects had not become completely habituated to the noise, although they had lived at least a year at their residences. The noise reduction caused an earlier onset and a prolonged duration of slow was sleep. No effects on REM sleep were seen. The subjective sleep quality was significantly correlated to the noise dose. The equivalent sound pressure level (Leq) did not give the most adequate noise dose description. Better characterizations of the noise exposure were found in the number of car per night producing maximum sound pressure levels exceeding 50 or 55 dB(A) in the bedroom. Arousal reactions of type “body movements” and “changes towards lighter sleep” were induced by the noise of car passage but the percentage of cars inducing an effect was only <2% and <0•2% for the two types of reactions, respectively. The number of spontaneous body movements and sleep stage changes per night showed an increase during the more quiet nights as compared to the noisy nights. The sensitivity to arousal reactions was significantly lower in the present field study than the in the laboratory experiments. A description of the continuous sleep process by a few distinct “sleep stages” is too crude a tool for the detection of the rather subtle changes in the sleeping pattern caused by noise. In the present study an increased sensitivity in the analysis was obtained by dividing stage 2 into three substages.
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- Li, Hong-Kou, et al.
(författare)
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A Quantative Basis for Hair Analysis Using PIXE
- 1985
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms. - 0168-583X. ; 12:2, s. 248-256
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The PIXE technique offers the possibility of scanning a single hair strand longitudinally with a millimetre proton beam for trace elements. However, the accuracy of the method has been questioned since the quantification of the mass concentration has been a serious problem. In this paper a specific beam-hair-detector geometry is assumed, and the correction factor accounting for the proton energy loss and the X-ray absorption in a regular hair is calculated. 43 hair segments from 8 individuals, ranging from 45 to 110 μm in in diameter were analyzed giving a mean value of 4.32% (standard deviation 0.25%) for sulphur, and a mean value of 149 ppm (standard deviation 35 ppm) for zinc. It is shown that the correction is important not only for the determination of the absolute elemental concentrations but also for the determination of their relative longitudinal distributions. The secondary corrections accounting for the inhomogeneous elemental distribution over the cross section and the irregular shape and/or the differing mass density of a hair are also calculated. It is concluded that the accuracy and precision of the PIXE method does not become considerably lower when it is applied to single hair strands, and accuracy and precision below 10% may be reached by implementing the procedure described.
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- Li, Hong-Kou, et al.
(författare)
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Rutherford Backscattering - A Tool for Quantification of the Results of PIXE Analysis of Single Hair Strands
- 1985
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms. - 0168-583X. ; 12:2, s. 265-268
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As shown in a companion paper the geometrical diameter of a hair strand is an important parameter for quantification of its trace element content after PIXE analysis. By analysing Rutherford backscattered protons simultaneously with PIXE analysis a reliable estimate of the hair diameter can be obtained. In this work the hypothesis that there exists a linearity between the geometrical diameter and the number of backscattered protons in a certain energy interval is developed, discussed and experimentally verified.
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- Pallon, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Feasibility Study of Gel Filtration as a Separation Method for Blood Serum Proteins in Combination with PIXE Analysis
- 1987
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Ingår i: Biological Trace Element Research. - 1559-0720. ; 12:1, s. 401-409
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The combination between a protein separation technique and the PIXE method has a great potential for large surveys, including thousands of samples, in which multielemental analysis is required. Gel filtration with a Sephadex G-200 gel and a TRIS-acetate buffer was used for separating proteins in human serum. The fractions were doped with an yttrium/vanadium standard and then concentrated and pipeted onto Kimfol™ backing foils. Using the PIXE technique, the distributions of Fe, Cu, Zn, and Se, with respect to molecular size, were found, indicating binding to specific proteins. Sulfur and phosphorus were found to correlate well with the protein content measured by UV-absorption at 280 nm. Further developments and tests on the protein separation technique is required, taking restrictions imposed by the PIXE method into consideration.
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