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| 2. |
- Solounias, Nikos, et al.
(författare)
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The paleodiet of Giraffidae
- 2000
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Ingår i: Antelopes, Deer, and Relatives: Fossil Record, Behavioral Ecology, Systematics, and Conservation. - New Haven : Yale University Press. ; , s. 84-95
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
- Viranta, Suvi, et al.
(författare)
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Carnivora from the Sinap Formation, Turkey
- 2003
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Ingår i: The Miocene Sinap Formation, Turkey. - New York : Columbia University Press. ; , s. 178-193
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
- Werdelin, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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A revision of the genus Dinofelis (Mammalia, Felidae)
- 2001
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Ingår i: Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. - 0024-4082 .- 1096-3642. ; 132, s. 147-258
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper consists of a taxonomic and systematic revision of the extinct felid genus Dinofelis (Felidae, Machairodontinae) and an analysis of its ecomorphology and evolution. Dinofelis has a broad distribution, with material from all northern continents and Africa, the latter of which was the apparent centre of evolution of the genus. We describe new material of Dinofelis from a number of sites in eastern Africa and reconsider all previously described material. We name two new species and identify several other distinct species-level taxa but refrain from naming these due to a paucity of well-preserved material. At the same time, we synonymize the two named Asian species, D. cristata and D. abeli, of which the former has priority. There are few characters useful in systematic analysis, but we can suggest at least one migration from eastern to southern Africa. Ecomorphological analysis of both craniodental and postcranial characters suggests that Dinofelis in many respects converged on modern pantherine cats in morphology and behaviour, a trend culminating in the South African D. barlowi and the Asian D. cristata, which are the most pantherine-like of all machairodont felids. This trend is reversed in the evolution of the youngest species, D. piveteaui, which is also the most machairodont in its ecomorphology. The timing of the extinction of Dinofelis is difficult to determine. Outside Africa material is scarce at all times, while in Africa the apparent extinction of Dinofelis at about 1.4 Mya coincides with the end of the good, semi-continuous fossil record present in eastern Africa from about 4Mya onwards. Dating of Kanam East (with D. piveteaui) to the Jaramillo Subchron (1.070–0.990 Mya) suggests possible survival considerably later. Thus, the extinction datum for Dinofelis cannot at present be firmly established.
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| 5. |
- Werdelin, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Carnivora from the South Turkwel hominid site, northern Kenya
- 2000
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Ingår i: Journal of Paleontology. - 0022-3360 .- 1937-2337. ; 74, s. 1173-1180
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A small collection of carnivoran fossils from the South Turkwel hominid site is described. The fauna is composed of Megantereon ekidoit new species, Homotherium sp., Crocuta cf. dietrichi, cf. Pachycrocuta sp., Canis new species A., cf. Civettictis sp., Viverridae or Herpestidae indet., and Lutrinae indet. The record of Megantereon and Canis, as well as Pachycrocuta and Civettictis, if these genera are identified correctly, represents the earliest occurrences of their respective taxa in Africa. These specimens suggest a relatively rapid reorganization of the carnivore guild some time around 3.5 Ma, followed by a longer period of transition to a fauna more comparable in composition to the modern one.
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| 6. |
- Werdelin, Lars
(författare)
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Carnivores from the Kanapoi hominid site, Turkana Basin, northern Kenya
- 2003
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Ingår i: Contributions in Science. ; 498, s. 115-132
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Kanapoi is the earliest Pliocene site yet described in eastern Africa with a substantial carnivoran record. It includes eight species in as many genera, representing five families. The material is dominated by the hyaenid Parahyaena howelli n. sp., but also includes a new Enhydriodon species, E. ekecaman, the lutrine cf. Torolutra sp., the felids Dinofelis petteri, Homotherium sp., and Felis sp., the herpestid Helogale sp., and the viverrid Genetta n. sp. The Kanapoi Carnivora includes the remains of the first post- Miocene radiation of endemic African Carnivora.
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| 7. |
- Werdelin, Lars
(författare)
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Mio-Pliocene Carnivora from Lothagam, Kenya
- 2003
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Ingår i: Lothagam: The Dawn of Humanity in Eastern Africa. - New York : Columbia University Press. ; , s. 261-328
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Yamaguchi, Nobuyuki, et al.
(författare)
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Evolution of the mane and group-living in the lion (Panthera leo): a review
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Zoology. - 0952-8369 .- 1469-7998. ; 263, s. 329-342
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The evolutionary history of the lion Panthera leo began in Pliocene east Africa, as open habitats expanded towards the end of the Cenozoic. During the middle–late Pleistocene, lions spread to most parts of Eurasia, North America, and may have eventually reached as far south as Peru. Lions probably evolved group-living behaviour before they expanded out of Africa, and this trait is likely to have prevailed in subsequent populations. The first lions were presumed to have been maneless, and maneless forms seem to have persisted in Europe, and possibly the New World, until around 10 000 years ago. The maned form may have appeared c. 320 000–190 000 years ago, and may have had a selective advantage that enabled it to expand to replace the range of earlier maneless forms throughout Africa and western Eurasia by historic times: ‘latest wave hypothesis’.
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