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| 2. |
- Ahlqvist, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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A technique for the accurate administration of corticosteroids in the temporomandibular joint.
- 1993
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Ingår i: Dento-Maxillo-Facial Radiology. - 0250-832X .- 1476-542X. ; 22:4, s. 211-3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new technique for intra-articular injection of a corticosteroid in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is presented. The corticosteroid is mixed with contrast medium and the administration visualized and controlled using fluoroscopy. When superior and inferior joint spaces have been filled and the soft tissues of the joint have been identified in the fluoroscopic image, additional corticosteroid can be administered to selected sites within the TMJ.
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| 3. |
- Aléx, Peder, 1952-
(författare)
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Från Konsumentbladet till moderna VI
- 1993
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Ingår i: Presshistorisk årsbok. - Stockholm : Föreningen Pressarkivets vänner. ; , s. 116-132
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Agneta, et al.
(författare)
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Vertical transport of lipid in seawater
- 1993
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Ingår i: Marine Ecology Progress Series. - : Inter-Research Science Center. - 0171-8630 .- 1616-1599. ; 98:1-2, s. 149-155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lipids in seawater act as solvents and transporters of lipophilic organic pollutants. To investigate a possible transport route of lipophilic pollutants, the vertical flux of lipid was quantified during an annual cycle in the northern Baltic Sea. The lipid content in both sedimenting material and different size fractions of seawater was analyzed. During the year, 8 g lipid m-2 sedimented out from the photic zone to the benthic system. The sedimentation of lipid accounted for 300 to 400 % of the average standing stock of pelagic lipid and was concentrated in the spring bloom period (April-June) when 70 % of the total lipid sedimentation occurred. About 30 % of the produced pelagic lipid settled out from the system. In seawater the lipid maximum occurred at the end of the spring bloom, shortly after nutrient depletion, indicating a stress response in the algae. Since lipid sedimentation is concentrated in the spring bloom, removal of lipophilic organic pollutants may be important during this period.
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| 6. |
- Andersson, Britt M., et al.
(författare)
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Defects and the thermal conductivity of YBa2Cu3O7-d and YBa2Cu4O8
- 1993
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Ingår i: Journal of Alloys and Compounds, volume 195. - : Elsevier Sequoia S.A.. - 0 444 81529 5 ; , s. 655-658
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present below the first measured data for the thermal diffusivity and the thermal conductivity, λ, of dense, sintered ceramic YBa2Cu4O8 (1-2-4) as a function of temperature T between 40 and 310 K. At 300 K, λ is 6.3 Wm−1K−1, increasing with decreasing T to about 9.5 Wm−1K−1 near Tc. This T dependence is much stronger than in YBa2Cu3O7−δ (1-2-3). Only a very small enhancement is observed in λ below Tc. As in 1-2-3, λ is mainly limited by phonon scattering by defects.
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Britt M., et al.
(författare)
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Thermal conductivity of YBa2Cu4O8 dominated by phonon-phonon interactions
- 1993
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 48:5, s. 3575-3578
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The thermal conductivity κ of dense sintered ceramic YBa2Cu4O8 in the range 30–310 K has been measured. At 100 K, κ is 10 W m-1 K-1, approaching the in-plane κ of single crystals of other high-Tc materials. κ decreases rapidly with increasing T to 7.4 W m-1 K-1 at 300 K. Fitting standard models for κ(T) to the data we find that κ is limited mainly by phonon-phonon interactions. Depending on the model used, the best fit is found for effective values of FTHETADebye between 155 and 185 K, characteristic for the acoustic phonon branches, indicating that such phonons carry most of the heat. Finally, we suggest a possible way to test the electron-phonon model for the electrical and thermal conductivities in high-Tc materials.
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| 8. |
- Andersson, Britt M., et al.
(författare)
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Thermal conductivity of YBa2Cu4O8 under high pressure
- 1993
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Ingår i: Physica. C, Superconductivity. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 0921-4534 .- 1873-2143. ; 216:1-2, s. 187-194
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The thermal diffusivity a of YBa2Cu4O8 (1-2-4) has been measured as a function of pressure p and temperature T over the range 85
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| 9. |
- Andersson-Skog, Lena, 1959-
(författare)
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"Såsom allmänna inrättningar till gagnet, men affärsföretag till namnet" : SJ, järnvägspolitiken och den ekonomiska omvandlingen efter 1920
- 1993
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study investigates the extent and nature of the interaction between the political, institutional andeconomical development in the Swedish railway sector 1920-1980. The work deals with two main issuse,which may be summarized in the following question: has the Swedish railway policy contributed to orcounterbalanced the stagnation of the railways, especially in the post-war period? The basic premise has beenthat the institutional framework from the 19th century, was well adjusted to the requirements in thecontemporary industrialization process. The adaption of the regulations, obligations and economic principlesfrom the inter-war years and henceforth was more problematic. A growing discrepancy between economicconditions and policy goals emerged. Ulis affected the function of the Sate Railways (SJ).The interesting issue is to explain the process of renewal and abandonment of the original institutionalarrangements. There are two distinctive driving forces in this process. Firstly the demand for transport in theeconomy of the society changed. This interacted with the expansion of motorvehicles. Motor vehicles, and lateron civil aviation, have taken over parts of traditional railway transports. Of greater significance though, is thefact that railways have not been able to compete with motorvehicles on a number of growing markets in theeconomy of society. This has been of major importance to the diminishing economic returns and the decliningcompany profitability in the railway sector. The second driving force is to be found in the institutional setting inthe railway sector. The institutional principles and the railway policy gave social and economic responsibilitypriority over business profitability as the managerial strategy for SJ. SJ was used to fulfil regional and generaleconomic policy goals. As a consequence the unprofitable private railways were nationalized to save theregional transport system. To succeed on the competitive transport market in the post-war period it becamenecessary for SJ to act as a profit-seeking company. This created a long period of political struggle inParliament concerning the institutional principles. In order to keep the social economic principles, the monetaryclaims were reduced. Subsidies were given to try to save SJ s profitability as a business company. The mixtureof social and monetary principles from 1960 and onwards, could neither solve the railway's market problems,nor could they keep the regional railway system intact. This failure led to the abandonment of the originalinstitutional framework. In the late 1980 s it was totally replaced. Hie guiding rules for the State Railways arenow concentrated on competition and company profitability.
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| 10. |
- Andersson, Tord, 1960-
(författare)
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Mercury and radiocesium in Swedish lakes
- 1993
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Two large, nationwide monitoring data sets were compiled and statistically treated in order to create a national picture of the problems with high contents of mercury (Hg) and radiocesium (137Cs) in fish. Beside these two data sets, 75 lakes in four counties (Västernorrland, Gävleborg, Örebro and Kronoberg) were studied in connection to an evaluation of different measures to decrease the content of Hg and 137Cs in fish. An important objective was to investigate and determine the relationship between the content in fish and the load of the elements and how this relationship was affected by different abiotic lake characteristics. Several alternatives to measure the lake doses of Hg and 137Cs were evaluated (concentration in different fractions in lake water, in settling particles, and in surface sediments).About 10000 Swedish lakes were calculated to have a mean Hg content in 1-kg pike (FHg) above 1 mg kg-1 (wet weight) in the end of 1980’s, that is a 5-fold increase compared to the calculated preindustrial mean value. The cumulated domestic Hg- sources of emission make the largest contribution to the presently high mercury levels in pike and particularly so in central and northern Sweden.The second most important cause is acidification and thirdly Hg emissions from European sources. The content of 137Cs in fish normalized to 100 g perch (FCs) was above the limit for commercial sale, 1500 Bq kg-k in about 14000 Swedish lakes during autumn of 1987.An empirical model including Chernobyl fallout, hydraulic residence time and ionic strength explained almost 60 % of the inter-lake variation in FCs. At the same level of fallout, this difference in lake sensitivity, gave a tenfold difference in the initial transfer from fallout to small perch. A significant relationship was demonstrated between the lake dose of 137Cs and the content in fish. No such clear relationship existed for Hg due to the much more complex chemical and biological behaviour of Hg, where especially factors affecting méhylation and food web structure seems crucial. Lakes with a low relative sedimentation of Hg did also have a low relative sedimentation of 137Cs due to differences in particle sedimentation rates between the lakes. The sedimentation rate of radiocesium was well correlated to the natural concentration of major base cations and intercorrelated parameters such as pH, alkalinity and conductivity. The higher scavenging capacity in lakes with higher concentration of major base cations was due to higher particle sedimentation rates and higher KIn general, the remedial measures gave the intended water chemical response with substantially increased mean values of alkalinity, hardness and pH. Two years after the start of the remedies, the Hg concentration in small perch (Hg-pe) was reduced by about 30% on average. The sedimentation rate of Hg decreased during 1988 and 1989 (i.e. after remedial measures) in contrast to the mean concentration of total Hg in water, thus, the retention decreased. None of the methods applied gave any rapid and clear reduction in the concentrations of 137Cs in fish, in comparison with lakes where the water chemical or biological conditions not were changed.
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