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50 år med Statsvetenskap i Umeå
- 2015
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Statsvetenskapliga institutionen vid Umeå universitet etablerades samtidigt som Umeå universitet invigdes 1965. Denna bok berättar historien om institutionens första femtio år. Den ger inblickar i viktiga händelser, avgörande beslut, genomgående tendenser och tongivande förändringar. Det är en historia med både glädjeämnen och besvikelser, framgångar och motgångar.Att institutionen överlevt, expanderat och delvis kunnat förnya sig vittnar dock om att den i grunden utgör en livskraftig och dynamisk akademisk miljö med engagerade och kompetenta medarbetare.
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| 2. |
- Aaghabali, M., et al.
(författare)
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Upper bounds on the number of perfect matchings and directed 2-factors in graphs with given number of vertices and edges
- 2015
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Ingår i: European journal of combinatorics (Print). - : Elsevier BV. - 0195-6698 .- 1095-9971. ; 45, s. 132-144
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We give an upper bound on the number of perfect matchings in simple graphs with a given number of vertices and edges. We apply this result to give an upper bound on the number of 2-factors in a directed complete bipartite balanced graph on 2n vertices. The upper bound is sharp for even n. For odd n we state a conjecture on a sharp upper bound.
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| 3. |
- Aasa, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Individualized low-load motor control exercises and education versus a high-load lifting exercise and education to improve activity, pain intensity, and physical performance in patients with low back pain : a randomized controlled trial
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy. - : Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy (JOSPT). - 0190-6011 .- 1938-1344. ; 45:2, s. 77-85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Study Design Randomized controlled trial. Background Low back pain is a common disorder. Patients with low back pain frequently have aberrant and pain-provocative movement patterns that often are addressed with motor control exercises. Objective To compare the effects of low-load motor control (LMC) exercise and those of a high-load lifting (HLL) exercise. Methods Seventy participants with recurrent low back pain, who were diagnosed with nociceptive mechanical pain as their dominating pain pattern, were randomized to either LMC or HLL exercise treatments. Participants were offered 12 treatment sessions over an 8-week period. All participants were also provided with education regarding pain mechanisms. Methods Participants were assessed prior to and following treatment. The primary outcome measures were activity (the Patient-Specific Functional Scale) and average pain intensity over the last 7 days (visual analog scale). The secondary outcome measure was a physical performance test battery that included 1 strength, 3 endurance, and 7 movement control tests for the lumbopelvic region. Results Both interventions resulted in significant within-group improvements in pain intensity, strength, and endurance. The LMC group showed significantly greater improvement on the Patient-Specific Functional Scale (4.2 points) compared with the HLL group (2.5 points) (P<.001). There were no significant between-group differences in pain intensity (P = .505), strength, and 1 of the 3 endurance tests. However, the LMC group showed an increase (from 2.9 to 5.9) on the movement control test subscale, whereas the HLL group showed no change (from 3.9 to 3.1) (P<.001). Conclusion An LMC intervention may result in superior outcomes in activity, movement control, and muscle endurance compared to an HLL intervention, but not in pain intensity, strength, or endurance.
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| 4. |
- Aasa, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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Krafttag ska stoppa styrkelyftarnas skador
- 2015
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Ingår i: Svensk idrottsforskning. - : Centrum för idrottsforskning. - 1103-4629 .- 2002-3944. ; :4, s. 29-31
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 5. |
- Aasa, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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Physical Activity Might Be of Greater Importance for Good Spinal Control Than If You Have Had Pain or Not : A Longitudinal Study
- 2015
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Ingår i: Spine. - 0362-2436 .- 1528-1159. ; 40:24, s. 1926-1933
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- STUDY DESIGN: Longitudinal design. A cohort followed in 3 waves of data collection.OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to describe the relationships between the performance of 2 tests of spinal control at the age of 52 years and low back pain, physical activity level, and fitness earlier in life, as well as to describe the cross-sectional relationships between these measures.SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Altered spinal control has been linked to pain; however, other stimuli may also lead to inability to control the movements of the spine.METHODS: Participants answered questions about physical activity and low back pain, and performed physical fitness tests at the age of 16, 34, and 52 years. The fitness test battery included tests of endurance in the back and abdominal muscles, a submaximal bicycle ergometer test to estimate maximal oxygen uptake, and measurements of hip flexion, thoracic spine flexibility, and anthropometrics. Two tests were aggregated to a physical fitness index. At the age of 52, also 2 tests of spinal control, the standing Waiter's bow (WB) and the supine double leg lower (LL) were performed.RESULTS: Logistic regression analyses showed that higher back muscle endurance at the age of 34 years could positively predict WB performance at 52 years and higher physical fitness at the age of 34 could positively predict LL performance at 52 years. Regarding cross-sectional relationships, an inability to perform the WB correctly was associated with lower physical fitness, flexibility and physical activity, and larger waist circumference. An inability to correctly perform the LL was associated with lower physical fitness. One-year prevalence of pain was not significantly associated with WB or LL test performance.CONCLUSION: An active life resulting in higher physical fitness is related to better spinal control in middle-aged men and women. This further strengthens the importance of physical activity throughout the life span.LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3.
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| 6. |
- Abedan Kondori, Farid, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Direct hand pose estimation for immersive gestural interaction
- 2015
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Ingår i: Pattern Recognition Letters. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-8655 .- 1872-7344. ; 66, s. 91-99
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a novel approach for performing intuitive gesture based interaction using depth data acquired by Kinect. The main challenge to enable immersive gestural interaction is dynamic gesture recognition. This problem can be formulated as a combination of two tasks; gesture recognition and gesture pose estimation. Incorporation of fast and robust pose estimation method would lessen the burden to a great extent. In this paper we propose a direct method for real-time hand pose estimation. Based on the range images, a new version of optical flow constraint equation is derived, which can be utilized to directly estimate 3D hand motion without any need of imposing other constraints. Extensive experiments illustrate that the proposed approach performs properly in real-time with high accuracy. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate the system performance in 3D object manipulation On two different setups; desktop computing, and mobile platform. This reveals the system capability to accommodate different interaction procedures. In addition, a user study is conducted to evaluate learnability, user experience and interaction quality in 3D gestural interaction in comparison to 2D touchscreen interaction.
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| 7. |
- Abeli, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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Geographical pattern in the response of the arctic-alpine Silene suecica (Cariophyllaceae) to the interaction between water availability and photoperiod
- 2015
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Ingår i: Ecological research. - : Wiley. - 0912-3814 .- 1440-1703. ; 30:2, s. 327-335
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We hypothesized a geographical pattern of the plant performance (seedling development, biomass production, relative water content and chlorophyll content) as a result of response to the interaction between photoperiod and water availability in populations of the arctic-alpine Silene suecica from different latitudes, thus experiencing different photoperiods during the growing season. Particularly, we expected a lower drought sensitivity in northern compared to southern populations as a consequence of harsher conditions experienced by the northern populations in terms of water availability. The experiment was carried out under common garden conditions, manipulating the water availability (wet and dry) and the photoperiod (21 and 16 h). We found an interaction between photoperiod and water availability on plant height, leaves, growth, biomass and total chlorophyll. However, the photoperiod neither counteracted nor intensified the effect of drought. Plants exposed to drought compensated for decreasing water availability by reducing their shoot growth. Changes in the chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a/b ratio were observed. Northern populations showed a higher basal growth performance and a greater response to the changed water regime (from wet to dry) than the southern populations. Southern populations showed a reduced ability to respond to drought, but their low basal performance may be advantageous under low water availability, avoiding water loss. In contrast, northern populations showed a stronger plastic response that limited the negative effects of reduced water availability. This study highlights the possibility that the plant response to environmental constraints (specifically water availability) may follow a geographical pattern.
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| 9. |
- Abrahamsson, Jan, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Continuing corporate growth and inter-organizational collaboration of international new ventures in Sweden
- 2015
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Ingår i: Innovation and entrepreneurship in the global economy. - : Edward Elgar Publishing. - 9781783477319 ; , s. 89-116
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study we examine the scope and pattern of innovation cooperation of international new ventures (INVs) of different age, size and formation type. Using longitudinal micro-matched database and Swedish Community Innovation Survey results for the years 1998–2009, we show that INVs are more likely to be involved in international cooperation than other firms, and that INVs are also more likely to have a broader scope of international partnerships in terms of number of partners and geographic location of these partners. We further show how age of a firm that originated as an INV and its formation type – greenfield, spin-off or merger – affect patterns of international cooperation for innovation.
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| 10. |
- Abramowicz, Konrad, et al.
(författare)
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Stratified Monte Carlo quadrature for continuous random fields
- 2015
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Ingår i: Methodology and Computing in Applied Probability. - New York : Springer Science+Business Media B.V.. - 1387-5841 .- 1573-7713. ; 17:1, s. 59-72
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We consider the problem of numerical approximation of integrals of random fields over a unit hypercube. We use a stratified Monte Carlo quadrature and measure the approximation performance by the mean squared error. The quadrature is defined by a finite number of stratified randomly chosen observations with the partition generated by a rectangular grid (or design). We study the class of locally stationary random fields whose local behavior is like a fractional Brownian field in the mean square sense and find the asymptotic approximation accuracy for a sequence of designs for large number of the observations. For the H¨older class of random functions, we provide an upper bound for the approximation error. Additionally, for a certain class of isotropic random functions with an isolated singularity at the origin, we construct a sequence of designs eliminating the effect of the singularity point.
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