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- Tjernberg, Catharina, 1953-
(författare)
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Specialpedagogik i skolvardagen : En studie med fokus på framgångsfaktorer i läs- och skrivlärande
- 2011
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This is a praxis-oriented case study of written language activities in Forms 1–5 in the nine-year Swedish compulsory school. The emphasis is on pupils at risk of developing reading and writing disabilities. The aim of this study is to analyse the factors underlying successful reading and writing education and the pedagogical conditions promoting reflective didactic skills, focusing on the students’ development of reading and writing abilities. The praxis-oriented approach is expressed by means of working with classroom observations and reflective communication with the teachers. Four classes at the junior and intermediate levels of the nine-year compulsory Swedish school have been studied for two years. Both the schools and the teachers have been chosen strategically. Quantitative and qualitative data indicate that the selected schools have special qualifications. The teachers were chosen because they have proved particularly successful in developing reading and writing abilities of their pupils, including those with documented reading and writing disabilities. Reports from the National Swedish Agency for Education, as well as large international surveys, indicate that the consensus concerning reading and writing education achieved by science during the past decade has had very little impact on everyday classroom activities. One of the underlying questions is how research results are successfully implemented in everyday school work. The results show that the teachers use a wide variety of methods in response to the wide variety of students´ requirements. The lessons are characterized by intense activity on the part of both teacher and pupils, and of a high level of interactivity in communication, reading, writing and counting. A surprising pattern is that the teachers very consciously work with oral presentation in various topics and genres. This gives students with reading and writing difficulties an opportunity to succeed. The instruction is notable for being well-structured, with a balance between form and function, a high level of challenging tasks and visibilization of individual progress. The special needs education aspect of the instruction appears in the teachers’ abilities to arrange pedagogical situations in which a wide variety of abilities can be expressed and developed. The teachers show a positive belief in their students and strive to make them successful in a social context. This study indicates the importance of a solid theoretical background, enabling the teacher to identify the developmental stage the student is at and to adapt the instruction accordingly. Another important factor is the ability of the teacher to instantly see and grasp pedagogical opportunities and to interpret and utilize the diagnostic signals in the classroom. One important conclusion is that reading and writing education, in order to be successful, must be viewed in a context of language development as a whole, involving both its oral and its written aspects. This study also demonstrates that research results are perceived as more accessible and relevant by the teachers when the researchers’ focus is on applied pedagogics, allowing theory and practical applications to interact. This opens up the possibility of establishing and incorporating scientific theories on learning in everyday, practical school work.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Helldin, Rolf, 1944-, et al.
(författare)
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Specialpedagogiska nybyggare : En historisk antologi om organisation, funktionshinder och särskilt stöd under 1900-talet
- 2011
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Antologin innehåller texter om Karin Danell och Charlottendals skolhem, den första specialskola för elever med grav språkstörning (av Agneta Ahlin-Emilsson); om Alfhild Tamm, en pionjär inom läs- och skrivforskning (av Toura Hägnesten); om systrarna Runströms och Björsgårdens skol- och feriehem i Leksand (av Torsten Lundberg); om specialpedagogiska synsätt i läroplaner (av Gunilla Sandberg); om en skoldaghem i Mälardalen (av Elisabet Ekegren Johansson); om livet på en institution för personer med utvecklingsstörning (av Ingela Lindkvist Larsson)
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| 4. |
- Westling Allodi, Mara, 1959-
(författare)
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Det sociala klimatet : Den dolda sidan av skolan som lärandemiljö
- 2011
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Ingår i: Psykisk hälsa. - Stockholm : Svenska föreningen för psykisk hälsovård (Sfph). - 0033-3212. ; :4, s. 58-65
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Det sociala klimatet som uppstår i en grupp av elever i skolan kan upplevas med tydlighet när man befinner sig i en sådan grupp under en tid och observerar samspelssituationer mellan elever, mellan lärare och elever, och ser hur elever och vuxna uttrycker sig, tittar på och behandlar varandra, samt vilka aktiviteter som utspelar sig. Som observatör har jag upplevt en känsla av förtryck, meningslöshet och en önskan att fly, i vissa miljöer där de vuxna i stor utsträckning ägnar sig åt att tillrättavisa elever och där de aktiviteter som erbjuds inte fungerar. I vissa miljöer skapas även rädsla och osäkerhet när elever är rädda för att göra fel, för att bli kritiserade eller till och med hånade. I andra fall har jag blivit tagen av skolmiljöer som sjuder av glädje och hopp, där det finns tillit mellan vuxna och elever, och där elever utstrålar självförtroende och är engagerade i meningsfulla aktiviteter. I min erfarenhet är skillnaderna mellan dessa undervisningsmiljöer inte beroende på elevernas inneboende egenskaper, utan beror på den arbetsmiljö som i stor utsträckning kommer att skapas av lärarna över tid. Det sociala klimatet som uppstår i skolans lärandeaktiviteter är med andra ord även en indikator på pedagogisk kvalité, förutom att det påverkar deltagarnas välbefinnande, tillfredställelse och prestationer. Trots att dessa egenskaper av skolans miljöer verkar betydelsefulla, kan de tendera att bli bortglömda eller osynliggjorda, i synnerhet om vi förmås att tro att skolans verksamhet består huvudsakligen av en samling av administrativa och byråkratiska regel- och kontrollsystem. Betydelsen av dessa aspekter i skolans miljö har studerats och definierats med flera näraliggande begrepp som klassrumsklimat, skolklimat eller skolans organisatoriska klimat. Flera studier har visat att det finns skillnader mellan skolor och att det finns ett positivt samband mellan indikatorer av socialt klimat och elevernas välbefinnande och resultat. I denna artikel vill jag dra uppmärksamheten till de sociala, relationella och känslomässiga aspekter som bidrar till att skapa skolans sociala miljö och som definieras som skolans sociala klimat. Några egenskaper av det sociala klimatet presenteras som gör det till ett utomordentligt verktyg för att utveckla skolans verksamhet, i synnerhet om man vill skapa skolmiljöer som svarar mot elevernas behov och motverkar exkludering och utslagning. Erfarenheter från ett pågående forskningsprogram redovisas.
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| 5. |
- Allodi Westling, Mara, 1959-
(författare)
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Emerging themes in the meeting between teachers and parents : when the children have special needs disabilites or are at risk
- 2011
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Ingår i: Educazione familiare e servizi per l'infanzia. - Firenze : Firenze University Press. - 9788866550280 ; , s. 99-
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Relations characterised by collaboration and alliance between staff and parents of children with particular needs, experiencing developmental challenges or disabilities are necessary conditions of a favourable educational situation. Several studies testimony the protective role of positive educational experiences for children at risk, but the educational experiences of these children are not always satisfactory and propitious for their future development. Studies on the experiences of the meetings between parents and educational staff describe which difficulties may arise in the form of conflicts, communication problems, loss of trust and reciprocal devaluation and critique. The meetings between families and the services are not just personal encounters; they are also influenced by the characteristics and structures of the surrounding educational context. The themes emerging from several studies can be related for instance to the fight for the support and the resources, and to the definition of the child’s needs, potential and of what is the best for the child. The analysis and reflection on these themes and their motives should help the teachers to understand and prevent these risks, changing the responses to the parents adequately.
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| 6. |
- Allodi Westling, Mara, 1959-
(författare)
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Stoccolma: dove la questione dei bambini non è solo una questione privata
- 2011
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Ingår i: Infanzia. - Bologna : Universitá di Bologna /Perdisa Editore. - 0390-2420. ; :5, s. 371-372
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In Svezia, ancor oggi, persiste un sistema di Welfare che dedica molte risorse alle politiche per l'infanzia e al sostegno delle famiglie. Ció si traduce sia sul piano politico, sia su quello della produzione culturale, consolidando un diffuso atteggiamento di tutela e cura dei minori, ampiamente dimostrato nella dimensione quotidiana.
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| 7. |
- Allodi Westling, Mara, 1959-
(författare)
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Temi emergenti negli incontri tra genitori e personale nel contesto educativo svedese
- 2011
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Ingår i: Educazione familiare e servizi per l'infanzia. - Firenze (Italia) : Firenze University Press. - 9788866550280 - 9788866550327 ; , s. 237-242
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In questo testo vengono presentate riflessioni sui rapporti tra genitori ed educatori e sui programmi di prevenzione per genitori, sulla base di studi condotti personalmente, di studi di colleghi e su sintesi e ricerche compiute da enti nazionali svedesi, valutazioni di ricerche e rapporti di commissioni parlamentari
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| 8. |
- Cramér-Wolrath, Emelie, 1954-
(författare)
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A deaf preschooler's acquirement of sequential bilingualism, Swedish sign language and spoken Swedish
- 2011
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Ingår i: Rights and Education : NERA 2011 Conference Proceedings.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Description of bilingual acquisition in different modalitiesThe aim of this case study is to describe and analyse the process of a deaf girl's bilingual bimodal acquisitions from the age of 10 to 81 months of age. The first language acquired from birth was Swedish Sign Language in visual-gestural modality and from the age of three years with a cochlear implant (ci) also spoken Swedish in aural-vocal modality. This is viewed from the socio-(bi-)cultural constructive theory.Methodology/research designThe main participant, here called Diana, grew up in a signing family, as both parents were deaf as well as an older sibling, though her twin was hearing. She attended pre-school and school for deaf children where she got education mainly through Swedish Sign Language. Diana was video-observed in her home during five years in sessions of one hour. Usually the sessions consisted of three activities: story-, play- and mealtime. Focus in this study is based on data of story time from 18 sessions of Diana interacting in joint attention with members in her family. Prior to ci Diana communicated through Swedish Sign Language. Data was collected through transcribedvideo-observations, brief field notes, record assessments from the speech therapist in the ci-team and an interview with the child's deaf parents. In the first analysis step the single case study methodology was used. Where data of joint attention is exploratory analyzed in-depth and details are described (Creswell, 2007). In the second step data and results of the first step analysis were compared to studies within the field. The records and interviews validate the trustworthiness of the analysis. The specific research question to be addressed at this occasion is: within a frame of joint attention what characterises the interaction process of acquiring sequential bimodal bilingualism in a young deaf child with ci?Expected findingsThrough this unique single case study findings can illuminate as to how sequential language acquisition is developed and elucidate the parental mediation. The content of the processes should have implications for pedagogical professions especially in habilitation and preschool contexts. The preliminary results show a rapid progression in the second language despite limited exposure to it and being in a different modality.
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| 9. |
- Dahlin, Karin I. E., 1945-
(författare)
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Effects of working memory training on reading in children with special needs
- 2011
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Ingår i: Reading and writing. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0922-4777 .- 1573-0905. ; 24:4, s. 479-491
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examines the relationship between working memory and reading achievement in 57 Swedish primary-school children with special needs. First, it was examined whether children’s working memory could be enhanced by a cognitive training program, and how the training outcomes would relate to their reading development. Next, it was explored how differential aspects of working memory are related to children’s reading outcomes. The working memory training yielded effects, and these effects appeared beneficial to children’s reading comprehension development. Working memory measures were found to be related with children’s word reading and reading comprehension. The results show that working memory can be seen as a crucial factor in the reading development of literacy among children with special needs, and that interventions to improve working memory may help children becoming more proficient in reading comprehension.
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