| 1. |
- Heitmann, Berit L, et al.
(författare)
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Hip Hip Hurrah! Hip size inversely related to heart disease and total mortality
- 2011
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Ingår i: Obesity Reviews. - 1467-7881. ; 12:6, s. 478-481
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During the past decade a series of published reports have examined the value of studying the relation between hip circumferences and cardiovascular end points. Specifically, in a series of recent studies the independent effects of hip circumference have been studied after adjustment for general obesity and/or waist circumference. These studies have been remarkable in terms of their consistency, and in the unexpected finding of an adverse effect of small hip size, after statistically correcting for differences in general and abdominal size. The hazard related to a small hip size may be stronger for women than men, but is evident in both genders. In this ‘viewpoint’, we wish to draw attention to the emerging body of evidence and to encourage researchers to continue collecting measures of lower body size in their surveys.
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| 2. |
- Lissner, Lauren, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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Monitoring the Obesity Epidemic into the 21st Century - Weighing the Evidence.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Obesity facts. - : S. Karger AG. - 1662-4033 .- 1662-4025. ; 6:6, s. 561-565
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- According to recent literature the obesity epidemic in adults and particularly in children seems to have stabilized or receded since the end of the 20th century [1,2]. Many of the encouraging trends toward stabilization have occurred simultaneously in different parts of the world. However, there may be some biases in the data being reported that could explain these trends, to which we will draw attention in the sections below. Besides statistical biases and distortions in the data itself, there may be interpretation biases of a less statistical nature. This paper is not intended to systematically review all publications on the course of the epidemic or discuss study-specific biases in detail, but rather intends to highlight the most relevant sources of bias while offering selected examples of such biases from the literature. We will first review several classic sources of bias in survey data describing secular trends in obesity, which have been frequently discussed in terms of how they might affect conclusions regarding the course of the obesity epidemic. In addition, we will describe sources of bias in what we are looking at and how we are looking at it, which may distort conclusions regarding the obesity epidemic.
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| 3. |
- Pedersen, Peder J, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of psychosocial factors on postpartum weight retention
- 2011
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Ingår i: Obesity. - : Wiley. - 1930-7381. ; 19:3, s. 639-646
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For some women, pregnancy may increase the risk of future obesity with consequences for health and well-being. Psychosocial factors may be partly responsible for this. The aim of this study was to examine the association between psychosocial factors during pregnancy and postpartum weight retention (PPWR) at 6 and 18 months. A total of 37,127 women in The Danish National Birth Cohort (DNBC; 1996-2002) participated in four telephone interviews before and after delivery. They gave information about their experience of distress, depression and anxiety, social support, and psychosocial burdens during pregnancy. PPWR was defined as retention >/=5 kg at 6 and 18 months postpartum according to a woman's prepregnancy weight. The associations were examined by use of logistic regression and presented as odds radios with 95% confidence intervals. Women who were more likely to feel depressed/anxious or distressed during pregnancy had a higher risk of PPWR at 6 months (1.35 (1.27; 1.44) and 1.30 (1.22; 1.38)) and 18 months (1.34 (1.24; 1.45) and 1.32 (1.23; 1.42)). Likewise, women who felt burdened by their economy or working situation had a higher risk of PPWR as did women with the lowest incomes or less education. Women who reported a high level of distress or depression/anxiety both during pregnancy and in the first 6 months of motherhood had the highest risk of PPWR 18 months postpartum (1.54 (1.39; 1.71) and 1.49 (1.32; 1.69), respectively). Feeling distressed, depressed, or anxious during pregnancy was associated with higher PPWR as was personal and economical burdens. Adverse psychosocial characteristics may be a common determinant of weight retention after childbirth.
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| 4. |
- Tognon, Gianluca, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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The Mediterranean diet in relation to mortality and CVD: a Danish cohort study
- 2014
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Ingår i: British Journal of Nutrition. - 0007-1145 .- 1475-2662. ; 111:1, s. 151-159
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to determine whether the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) is associated with reduced total mortality, cardiovascular incidence and mortality in a Danish population. Analyses were performed on 1849 men and women sampled during the 1982-83 Danish MONICA (MONItoring trends and determinants of Cardiovascular disease) population study, whose diet was assessed by means of a validated 7d food record. The adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern was calculated by three different scores: one based on a classification excluding ingredients from mixed dishes and recipes (score 1); another based on a classification including ingredients (score 2); the last one based on a variant of the latter including wine instead of alcohol intake (score 3). The association between these scores and, respectively, total mortality, cardiovascular incidence and mortality was tested by a Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for several potential confounders of the association. Generally, all three scores were inversely associated with the endpoints, although associations with score 1 did not reach statistical significance. Score 2 was inversely associated with total mortality (hazard ratio 0·94; 95% CI 0·88, 0·99). This association was confirmed for total cardiovascular as well as myocardial infarction (MI) incidence and mortality, but not for stroke. Score 3 was slightly more associated with the same outcomes. All associations were also resistant to adjustment for covariates related to potential CVD pathways, such as blood lipids, blood pressure and weight change after 11 years of follow-up. In a Danish cohort, the MDS was inversely associated with total mortality and with cardiovascular and MI incidence and mortality, but not with stroke incidence or mortality.
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