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- Kanai, M, et al.
(författare)
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- 2023
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swepub:Mat__t
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- Agrawal, Ankit, et al.
(författare)
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Model-Driven Requirements for Humans-on-The-Loop Multi-UAV Missions
- 2020
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Ingår i: Proceedings - 10th International Model-Driven Requirements Engineering Workshop, MoDRE 2020. - : IEEE.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The use of semi-Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs or drones) to support emergency response scenarios, such as fire surveillance and search-And-rescue, has the potential for huge societal benefits. Onboard sensors and artificial intelligence (AI) allow these UAVs to operate autonomously in the environment. However, human intelligence and domain expertise are crucial in planning and guiding UAVs to accomplish the mission. Therefore, humans and multiple UAVs need to collaborate as a team to conduct a time-critical mission successfully. We propose a meta-model to describe interactions among the human operators and the autonomous swarm of UAVs. The meta-model also provides a language to describe the roles of UAVs and humans and the autonomous decisions. We complement the meta-model with a template of requirements elicitation questions to derive models for specific missions. We also identify common scenarios where humans should collaborate with UAVs to augment the autonomy of the UAVs. We introduce the meta-model and the requirements elicitation process with examples drawn from a search-And-rescue mission in which multiple UAVs collaborate with humans to respond to the emergency. We then apply it to a second scenario in which UAVs support first responders in fighting a structural fire. Our results show that the meta-model and the template of questions support the modeling of the human-on-The-loop human interactions for these complex missions, suggesting that it is a useful tool for modeling the human-on-The-loop interactions for multi-UAVs missions.
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- Agrawal, Dhiraj, et al.
(författare)
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Optimization of eco-friendly concrete with recycled coarse aggregates and rubber particles as sustainable industrial byproducts for construction practices
- 2024
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Ingår i: Heliyon. - : Elsevier. - 2405-8440. ; 10:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this technology era, sustainable construction practices have become quite imperative. The exploration of alternative materials to reduce the environmental footprint is of paramount importance. This research paper delves into an exhaustive investigation concerning the utilization of recycled coarse aggregates (RCA) and rubber particles (RP) in concrete. It contributes to the growing body of knowledge aimed at fostering sustainable development in the construction industry by reducing waste, promoting recycling, and mitigating the environmental footprint of building materials. The objective of the study is to evaluate the potential benefits and limitations associated with incorporating these materials, thereby providing a sustainable alternative to conventional concrete. In this research, construction and demolition waste were recycled and used as RCA as a fractional switch of natural coarse aggregate (NCA) from 0% to 100%, with an increment of 20% replacement of NCA in concrete. The RP received from discarded tires generated as automobile industry waste were used as a volumetric fractional substitution of sand in concrete from 0% to 20%, with a 5% increment. No pre-treatment for RCA and RP was carried out before their utilization in concrete. A total of 26 mixes, including control concrete without NCA and RP, with a design strength of 40 MPa, were prepared and tested. Concrete mixes were examined for workability, density, mechanical, and durability properties. It was found that the concrete with 60% RCA and 10% RP showed satisfactory results in evaluation with the strength parameters of control concrete, as the compressive strength obtained for this concrete mix is 40.18 MPa, similar to the control mix. The optimization for RCA and RP was conducted using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The major concern observed was a rise in water absorption with an increase in the percentage replacement of NCA and natural sand by RCA and RP. Findings from the investigation illustrate a promising prospect for the use of RCA and RP in concrete applications, displaying competent mechanical properties and enhanced durability under certain conditions, offering a viable option for environmentally friendly construction practices. However, the research also sheds light on some constraints and challenges, such as the variability in the quality of RCA and the necessity for meticulous quality control to ensure the reliability and consistency of the end product. It is discerned that further refinement in processing techniques and quality assurance measures is pivotal for mainstream adoption of RCA and RP in concrete construction.
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- Agrawal, K., et al.
(författare)
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Allergic sensitization impairs lung resident memory CD8 T-cell response and virus clearance
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0091-6749. ; 150:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Patients with asthma often suffer from frequent respiratory viral infections and reduced virus clearance. Lung resident memory T cells provide rapid protection against viral reinfections. Objective: Because the development of resident memory T cells relies on the lung microenvironment, we investigated the impact of allergen sensitization on the development of virus-specific lung resident memory T cells and viral clearance. Methods: Mice were sensitized with house dust mite extract followed by priming with X47 and a subsequent secondary influenza infection. Antiviral memory T-cell response and protection to viral infection was assessed before and after secondary influenza infection, respectively. Gene set variation analysis was performed on data sets from the U-BIOPRED asthma cohort using an IFN-γ–induced epithelial cell signature and a tissue resident memory T-cell signature. Results: Viral loads were higher in lungs of sensitized compared with nonsensitized mice after secondary infection, indicating reduced virus clearance. X47 priming induced fewer antiviral lung resident memory CD8 T cells and resulted in lower pulmonary IFN-γ levels in the lungs of sensitized as compared with nonsensitized mice. Using data from the U-BIOPRED cohort, we found that patients with enrichment of epithelial IFN-γ–induced genes in nasal brushings and bronchial biopsies were also enriched in resident memory T-cell–associated genes, had more epithelial CD8 T cells, and reported significantly fewer exacerbations. Conclusions: The allergen-sensitized lung microenvironment interferes with the formation of antiviral resident memory CD8 T cells in lungs and virus clearance. Defective antiviral memory response might contribute to increased susceptibility of patients with asthma to viral exacerbations.
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- Agrawal, Kunal, et al.
(författare)
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Optimal Scheduling of Measurement-Based Parallel Real-Time Tasks
- 2020
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Ingår i: Real-time systems. - : Springer Nature. - 0922-6443 .- 1573-1383. ; 56:3, s. 247-253
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work we consider a measurement-based model for parallel real-time tasks represented by the work and span parameters of directed acyclic graphs, with different bounds for nominal and overload scenarios. We address the corresponding real-time scheduling problem and propose an optimal scheduling strategy with a derived tight bound on the maximum response time of a task.
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