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- Hegele, R. A., et al.
(författare)
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Rare dyslipidaemias, from phenotype to genotype to management: a European Atherosclerosis Society task force consensus statement
- 2020
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Ingår i: Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology. - : Elsevier BV. - 2213-8587. ; 8:1, s. 50-67
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genome sequencing and gene-based therapies appear poised to advance the management of rare lipoprotein disorders and associated dyslipidaemias. However, in practice, underdiagnosis and undertreatment of these disorders are common, in large part due to interindividual variability in the genetic causes and phenotypic presentation of these conditions. To address these challenges, the European Atherosclerosis Society formed a task force to provide practical dinical guidance focusing on patients with extreme concentrations (either low or high) of plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The task force also recognises the scarcity of quality information regarding the prevalence and outcomes of these conditions. Collaborative registries are needed to improve health policy for the care of patients with rare dyslipidaemias.
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| 2. |
- Leveque, A., et al.
(författare)
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MOCCA-survey data base: extra galactic globular clusters – II. Milky Way and Andromeda
- 2022
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Ingår i: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1365-2966 .- 0035-8711. ; 514:4, s. 5751-5766
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A comprehensive study of the co-evolution of globular cluster systems (GCS) in galaxies requires the ability to model both the large-scale dynamics (0.01–10 kpc) regulating their orbital evolution, and the small-scale dynamics (sub-pc – au) regulating the internal dynamics of each globular cluster (GC). In this work, we present a novel method that combine semi-analytic models of GCS with fully self-consistent Monte Carlo models to simultaneously evolve large GCSs. We use the population synthesis code MASinGa and the MOCCA-Survey Database I to create synthetic GC populations aimed at representing the observed features of GCs in the Milky Way (MW) and Andromeda (M31). Our procedure enables us to recover the spatial and mass distribution of GCs in such galaxies, and to constrain the amount of mass that GCs left either in the halo as dispersed debris, or in the galactic centre, where they can contribute to the formation of a nuclear star cluster (NSC) and can bring stellar and possibly intermediate mass black holes there. The final masses reported by our simulations are of a few order of magnitudes smaller than the observed values. These differences show that mass build-up of an NSC and central BHs in galaxies like MW and M31 cannot be solely explained by the infalling GC scenario. This build-up is likely to depend on the interplay between interactions and mergers of infalling GCs and gas. The latter can contribute to both in situ star formation in the NSC and growth of the central BH.
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| 3. |
- Leveque, A., et al.
(författare)
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MOCCA-Survey Database: extra galactic globular clusters – III. The population of black holes in Milky Way and Andromeda-like galaxies
- 2023
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Ingår i: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1365-2966 .- 0035-8711. ; 520:2, s. 2593-2610
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work investigates the black hole (BH) population of globular clusters (GCs) in Milky Way- and Andromeda-like galaxies. We combine the population synthesis code MASinGa and the MOCCA-Survey Database I to infer the properties of GCs harbouring a stellar-mass BH subsystem (BHS), an intermediate-mass BH (IMBH), or neither of those. We find that the typical number of GCs with a BHS, an IMBH, or none become comparable in the galactic outskirts, whilst the inner galactic regions are dominated by GCs without a significant dark component. We retrieve the properties of binary BHs (BBHs) that have either merged in the last 3 Gyr or survived in their parent cluster until present-day. We find that around 80 per cent of the merging BBHs form due to dynamical interactions while the remaining originate from evolution of primordial binaries. The inferred merger rate for both in-cluster and ejected mergers is 1.0−23yr−1Gpc−3 in the local Universe, depending on the adopted assumptions. We find around 100–240 BBHs survive in GCs until present-day and are mostly concentrated in the inner few kpc of the galaxy. When compared with the field, GCs are at least two times more efficient in the formation of BHs and binaries containing at least one BH. Around 1000–3000 single BHs and 100–200 BBHs are transported into the galactic nucleus from infalling clusters over a time span of 12 Gyr. We estimate that the number of BHs and BBHs lurking in the star cluster to be about 1.4–2.2 × 104 and 700–1100, respectively.
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| 7. |
- Arca Sedda, Manuel, et al.
(författare)
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The missing link in gravitational-wave astronomy A summary of discoveries waiting in the decihertz range
- 2021
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Ingår i: Experimental astronomy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0922-6435 .- 1572-9508. ; 51, s. 1427-1440
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since 2015 the gravitational-wave observations of LIGO and Virgo have transformed our understanding of compact-object binaries. In the years to come, ground-based gravitational-wave observatories such as LIGO, Virgo, and their successors will increase in sensitivity, discovering thousands of stellar-mass binaries. In the 2030s, the space-based LISA will provide gravitational-wave observations of massive black holes binaries. Between the similar to 10-10(3) Hz band of ground-based observatories and the similar to 10(-4)-10(- 1) Hz band of LISA lies the uncharted decihertz gravitational-wave band. We propose a Decihertz Observatory to study this frequency range, and to complement observations made by other detectors. Decihertz observatories are well suited to observation of intermediate-mass (similar to 10(2)-10(4)M(circle dot)) black holes; they will be able to detect stellar-mass binaries days to years before they merge, providing early warning of nearby binary neutron star mergers and measurements of the eccentricity of binary black holes, and they will enable new tests of general relativity and the Standard Model of particle physics. Here we summarise how a Decihertz Observatory could provide unique insights into how black holes form and evolve across cosmic time, improve prospects for both multimessenger astronomy and multiband gravitational-wave astronomy, and enable new probes of gravity, particle physics and cosmology.
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| 8. |
- Ciucani, Marta Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Evolutionary history of the extinct Sardinian dhole
- 2021
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Ingår i: Current biology : CB. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-0445 .- 0960-9822. ; 31, s. 1-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Sardinian dhole (Cynotherium sardous)1 was an iconic and unique canid species that was endemic to Sardinia and Corsica until it became extinct at the end of the Late Pleistocene.2-5 Given its peculiar dental morphology, small body size, and high level of endemism, several extant canids have been proposed as possible relatives of the Sardinian dhole, including the Asian dhole and African hunting dog ancestor.3,6-9 Morphometric analyses3,6,8-12 have failed to clarify the evolutionary relationship with other canids.We sequenced the genome of a ca-21,100-year-old Sardinian dhole in order to understand its genomic history and clarify its phylogenetic position. We found that it represents a separate taxon from all other living canids from Eurasia, Africa, and North America, and that the Sardinian dhole lineage diverged from the Asian dhole ca 885 ka. We additionally detected historical gene flow between the Sardinian and Asian dhole lineages, which ended approximately 500-300 ka, when the land bridge between Sardinia and mainland Italy was already broken, severing their population connectivity. Our sample showed low genome-wide diversity compared to other extant canids-probably a result of the long-term isolation-that could have contributed to the subsequent extinction of the Sardinian dhole.
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| 10. |
- Schiavi, R., et al.
(författare)
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Are we observing an NSC in course of formation in the NGC 4654 galaxy?
- 2021
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Ingår i: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966. ; 503:1, s. 594-602
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We use direct N-body simulations to explore some possible scenarios for the future evolution of two massive clusters observed towards the centre of NGC 4654, a spiral galaxy with mass similar to that of the Milky Way. Using archival HST data, we obtain the photometric masses of the two clusters, M = 3 × 105 M= and M = 1.7 × 106 M=, their half-light radii, Reff ∼4 pc and Reff ∼6 pc, and their projected distances from the photometric centre of the galaxy (both <22 pc). The knowledge of the structure and separation of these two clusters (∼24 pc) provides a unique view for studying the dynamics of a galactic central zone hosting massive clusters. Varying some of the unknown cluster orbital parameters, we carry out several N-body simulations showing that the future evolution of these clusters will inevitably result in their merger. We find that, mainly depending on the shape of their relative orbit, they will merge into the galactic centre in less than 82 Myr. In addition to the tidal interaction, a proper consideration of the dynamical friction braking would shorten the merging times up to few Myr. We also investigate the possibility to form a massive nuclear star cluster (NSC) in the centre of the galaxy by this process. Our analysis suggests that for low-eccentricity orbits, and relatively long merger times, the final merged cluster is spherical in shape, with an effective radius of few parsecs and a mass within the effective radius of the order of 105,M⊙. Because the central density of such a cluster is higher than that of the host galaxy, it is likely that this merger remnant could be the likely embryo of a future NSC.
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