| 1. |
- Bergman, Anna-Karin
(författare)
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A Norm Perspective on Sustainable Development
- 2007
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This working paper will discuss how societal systems (technological, political, economic etc.) constitute boundaries and limitations for implementation- and legislation processes. Thus, the paper highlights the importance of understanding how political, economical, technological and systems affect and influence actions and strategies underlying an implementation- and regulation process (i.e. law/regulation in progress).
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| 2. |
- Bergman, Anna-Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Emerging dilemmas and risks in the changing context of water law, administration and management in Sweden
- 2008
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The regulation processes and administrative legal institutions related to water resource management in Sweden are in a process of transformation. This transformation is related to factors regarding introduction of new laws, the emergence of new issues on the policy agenda as well as changes in the administrative procedures and responsibilities..The aim of this project is to map out the relationship between these factors and to analyse the effect of these factors on the involved administrations, as well as the effects on the implementation of the EU Water framework directive (WFD). A better understanding of these changes will increase the understanding of the content and character of the effect of the change in the different involved institutions as well as on how efficiently new laws such as the WFD can be implemented. This type of knowledge may promote a better organisational form for decision-making and adjudication when using the WFD in the future.
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| 3. |
- Bergman, Anna-Karin
(författare)
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Law in Progress? : A Contextual Study of Norm-Generating Processes - The Example of GMES
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This PhD-thesis in Sociology of Law studies ”Law in Progress” by investigating norm-generating processes, which emerge through an interaction between actors over time. The thesis has an empirical approach, thus illustrates these processes through an empirical example, a European “Earth Observation” (EO) initiative: Global Monitoring for Environment and Security (GMES). The main research questions dealt with are if GMES needs to be regulated and, if so, what areas need to be regulated. The thesis has produced two very interesting results: 1) the first result shows that the norm-generating processes illustrate means towards a goal. In most cases norm-generating processes give rise to a goal, whereas in this thesis the norm-generating processes instead identified the means towards the goal of implementing GMES. By identifying the means towards the goal one is able to produce a future regulation which will mirror reality to a large extent, thereby providing a valuable link between the norm-generating processes and the future regulation; 2) the second result shows the important role played by technology. The result of the study shows that GMES currently consist of two parallel norm-generating processes, which seem to be separated because of different values. One process upholds a “business perspective” which is based on economic values, while the other process upholds an “environmental management” perspective which has its foundation in research values. Both norm-generating processes have to be safeguarded in order for GMES to be implemented and legal regulations may assist in this process. A common denominator for actors adhering to the respective processes seems to be the interest in the technology (foremost Space infrastructure) and its generated information. The result of the study shows that a joint regulation of the technology and its generated data, especially of its utilisation, access (e.g. regulate who have the right to access and procedures around this issue) and data pricing (e.g. regulating pricing levels and the procedures regarding this issue), together can form one of the keys to providing a sustainable connection between the business- and the environmental management perspectives; and thereby is able to connect the two parallel norm-generating processes into a functioning system, GMES. The thesis does not only bring about results vis-à-vis GMES, but also provide some future outlook. This outlook includes an introduction of Systems Analysis (SA) and systems dynamic (STELLA) in the investigation of norm-generating processes. With the introduction of these tools, one may be able to take the analysis of the norm-generating processes one step further and thereby provide a more dynamic image of the processes.
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| 4. |
- Bergman, Anna-Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Participation in a Decision-Making Process: The case of GMES Advisory Council
- 2009
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Ingår i: Participative aspects of law - a socio-legal perspective. - 9172672889 ; Lund Studies in Sociology of Law; 31, s. 27-43
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In order to produce good decisions, an efficient foundation for decision-making has to exist. This article shows the importance of formal as well as informal structures in order to make the decisions within GMES Advisory Council efficient.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Bergman, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Vetenskapen som interaktiv kontext
- 2007
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Ingår i: Möten. - 9789163307706 ; , s. 275-284
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
- Bergman, Lars R., et al.
(författare)
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Predictors and outcomes of persistent or age-limited registered criminal behavior : a 30-year longitudinal study of a Swedish urban population
- 2009
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Ingår i: Aggressive Behavior. - New York, N.Y. : John Wiley & Sons. - 0096-140X .- 1098-2337. ; 35:2, s. 164-178
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study uses data from the longitudinal research program Individual Development and Adaptation, where an entire school-grade cohort of children in a middle-size Swedish city (n∼1.300) has been followed from ages 10 to 43 and 48 for women and men, respectively. Our findings indicate that the patterns of offending across the life-course differ between genders, where males seem to initiate their offending earlier than females. Further, there are very few women on a persistent offending-trajectory. Focusing on precursors to as well as consequences of offending as indexed in official registers, our results indicate that individuals in the persistent offender group have the most pronounced adjustment problems in school- as well as in middle age. Individual characteristics and behaviors (e.g., aggression, hyperactivity, antisocial behavior) vary systematically between individuals with different developmental offending patterns. The combination of an unstable upbringing and own antisocial behavior seems to be especially predictive for criminality. For persistent offenders, the prevalence of alcohol and psychiatric problems at adult age is high for males and extremely high for females (nine out of ten and six out of ten for each of the two problem types for females). Further, the importance for adjustment of the two-dimensional variation in the number of crimes committed during adolescence and adult age seems to have been surprisingly well captured by the “crude” division into the four offender groups that were used.
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| 8. |
- Bergman, Lars R., et al.
(författare)
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Types and continua in developmental psychopathology : problem behaviors in school and their relationship to later antisocial behavior
- 2009
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Ingår i: Development and psychopathology (Print). - Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. - 0954-5794 .- 1469-2198. ; 21:3, s. 975-992
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the study of developmental psychopathology a dimensional, variable-oriented approach dominates over a typological approach. With the person-oriented research paradigm providing the metatheoretical framework, pros and cons of these two approaches are discussed, and it is pointed to different methodological realizations of the typological approach, and to the contexts where they might be appropriate. It is also pointed out that the two important and underused concepts of equifinality and multifinality with advantage can be incorporated in a person-oriented approach. An empirical example is given of the study of the structure of early adolescent problem behaviors and their relationship to later criminality where dimensional as well as typological analyses are carried out. The usefulness of the typological approach in studying the development and early manifestations of the personality disorder psychopathy is also discussed. It is concluded that the usefulness of a typological approach appears to be underestimated.
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| 9. |
- Clark, Andrew G., et al.
(författare)
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Evolution of genes and genomes on the Drosophila phylogeny
- 2007
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 450:7167, s. 203-218
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Comparative analysis of multiple genomes in a phylogenetic framework dramatically improves the precision and sensitivity of evolutionary inference, producing more robust results than single-genome analyses can provide. The genomes of 12 Drosophila species, ten of which are presented here for the first time (sechellia, simulans, yakuba, erecta, ananassae, persimilis, willistoni, mojavensis, virilis and grimshawi), illustrate how rates and patterns of sequence divergence across taxa can illuminate evolutionary processes on a genomic scale. These genome sequences augment the formidable genetic tools that have made Drosophila melanogaster a pre-eminent model for animal genetics, and will further catalyse fundamental research on mechanisms of development, cell biology, genetics, disease, neurobiology, behaviour, physiology and evolution. Despite remarkable similarities among these Drosophila species, we identified many putatively non-neutral changes in protein-coding genes, non-coding RNA genes, and cis-regulatory regions. These may prove to underlie differences in the ecology and behaviour of these diverse species.
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| 10. |
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