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- Lidell, Martin, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Evidence for two types of brown adipose tissue in humans
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nature Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1078-8956 .- 1546-170X. ; 19:5, s. 631-634
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The previously observed supraclavicular depot of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in adult humans was
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| 2. |
- Cros, Olivier, et al.
(författare)
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Micro-channels in the mastoid anatomy. Indications of a separate blood supply of the air cell system mucosa by micro-CT scanning
- 2013
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Ingår i: Hearing Research. - : Elsevier. - 0378-5955 .- 1878-5891. ; 301, s. 60-65
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The mastoid air cell system has traditionally been considered to have a passive role in gas exchange and pressure regulation of the middle ear possibly with some acoustic function. However, more evidence has focused on the mucosa of the mastoid, which may play a more active role in regulation of middle ear pressure.In this study we have applied micro-CT scanning on a series of three human temporal bones. This approach greatly enhances the resolution (40–60 μm), so that we have discovered anatomical details, which has not been reported earlier. Thus, qualitative analysis using volume rendering has demonstrated notable micro-channels connecting the surface of the compact bone directly to the mastoid air cells as well as forming a network of connections between the air cells. Quantitative analysis on 2D slices was employed to determine the average diameter of these micro-channels (158 μm; range = 40–440 μm) as well as their density at a localized area (average = 75 cm−2; range = 64–97 cm−2).These channels are hypothesized to contain a separate vascular supply for the mastoid mucosa. However, future studies of the histological structure of the micro-channels are warranted to confirm the hypothesis. Studies on the mastoid mucosa and its blood supply may improve our knowledge of its physiological properties, which may have important implications for our understanding of the pressure regulation of the middle ear.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Olsson, Erik, 1960, et al.
(författare)
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Hippocampal volumes in patients exposed to low-dose radiation to the basal brain. A case--control study in long-term survivors from cancer in the head and neck region.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Radiation oncology (London, England). - 1748-717X. ; 7:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: An earlier study from our group of long time survivors of head and neck cancer who had received a low radiation dose to the hypothalamic-pituitary region, with no signs of recurrence or pituitary dysfunction, had their quality of life (QoL) compromised as compared with matched healthy controls. Hippocampal changes have been shown to accompany several psychiatric conditions and the aim of the present study was to test whether the patients' lowered QoL was coupled to a reduction in hippocampal volume. METHODS: Patients (11 men and 4 women, age 31--65) treated for head and neck cancer 4--10 years earlier and with no sign of recurrence or pituitary dysfunction, and 15 matched controls were included. The estimated radiation doses to the basal brain including the hippocampus (1.5 -- 9.3 Gy) had been calculated in the earlier study. The hippocampal volumetry was done on coronal sections from a 1.5 T MRI scanner. Measurements were done by two independent raters, blinded to patients and controls, using a custom method for computer assisted manual segmentation. The volumes were normalized for intracranial volume which was also measured manually. The paired t test and Wilcoxon's signed rank test were used for the main statistical analysis. RESULTS: There was no significant difference with respect to left, right or total hippocampal volume between patients and controls. All mean differences were close to zero, and the two-tailed 95% confidence interval for the difference in total, normalized volume does not include a larger than 8% deficit in the patients. CONCLUSION: The study gives solid evidence against the hypothesis that the patients' lowered quality of life was due to a major reduction of hippocampal volume.
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| 5. |
- Patra, Hirak Kumar, et al.
(författare)
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MRI-Visual Order–Disorder Micellar Nanostructures for Smart Cancer Theranostics
- 2014
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Ingår i: Advanced Healthcare Materials. - : Wiley-VCH Verlagsgesellschaft. - 2192-2640 .- 2192-2659. ; 3:4, s. 526-535
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The development of MRI-visual order–disorder structures for cancer nanomedicine explores a pH-triggered mechanism for theragnosis of tumor hallmark functions. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) stabilized with amphiphilic poly(styrene)-b-poly(acrylic acid)-doxorubicin with folic acid (FA) surfacing are employed as a multi-functional approach to specifically target, diagnose, and deliver drugs via a single nanoscopic platform for cancer therapy. The functional aspects of the micellar nanocomposite is investigated in vitro using human breast SkBr3 and colon cancer HCT116 cell lines for the delivery, release, localization, and anticancer activity of the drug. For the first time, concentration-dependent T2-weighted MRI contrast for a monolayer of clustered cancer cells is shown. The pH tunable order–disorder transition of the core–shell structure induces the relative changes in MRI contrast. The outcomes elucidate the potential of this material for smart cancer theranostics by delivering non-invasive real-time diagnosis, targeted therapy, and monitoring the course and response of the action before, during, and after the treatment regimen.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Borga, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Brown adipose tissue in humans: detection and functional analysis using PET (positron emission tomography), MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), and DECT (dual energy computed tomography).
- 2014
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Ingår i: Methods in enzymology. - : Elsevier. - 1557-7988. ; 537, s. 141-59, s. 141-159
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- If the beneficial effects of brown adipose tissue (BAT) on whole body metabolism, as observed in nonhuman experimental models, are to be translated to humans, tools that accurately measure how BAT influences human metabolism will be required. This chapter discusses such techniques, how they can be used, what they can measure and also some of their limitations. The focus is on detection and functional analysis of human BAT and how this can be facilitated by applying advanced imaging technology such as positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and dual energy computed tomography.
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| 8. |
- Borga, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Improvement in Magnetic Resonance Imaging Relating to Correction of Chemical Shift Artifact and Intensity Inhomogeneity
- 2011
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Patent (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Present invention discloses systems and methods for improvement of magnetic resonance images. Correction of a chemical shift artefact in an image acquired from a magnetic resonance imaging system is obtained by a system and a method involving iterative - compensation for the misregistration effect in an image domain. Correction of an intensity inhomogeneity in such images is obtained by a system and a method involving locating voxels corresponding to pure adipose tissue and estimating correction field from these points.
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