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- Lu, Shan, et al.
(författare)
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Modelling and Optimization Methods of Integrated Production Planning for Steel Plate Mill with Flexible Customization
- 2015
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Ingår i: Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering. - 2210-321X.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With diversified requirements and varying manufacturing environments, the optimal production planning encountered in a steel mill became more flexible and also complicated. The flexibility can provide the operators with auxiliary requirements through an implementable integrated production planning. In this paper, a mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model is formulated for the optimal planning that incorporates various manufacturing constraints and the flexibility in a steel plate mill. Furthermore, two solution strategies are developed to overcome the weakness of solving MINLP problem directly. The first one is to transform the original MINLP formulation to an approximate mixed integer linear programming (MILP) using a classic linearization method. The second one is to decompose the original model using a branch-and-bound based iterative method. Computational experiments on various problem instances are presented in terms of the effectiveness and applicability. The result shows that the proposed second method performs better in computational efforts and solution accuracy.
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- Schmidt, Florian M., et al.
(författare)
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Background levels and diurnal variations of hydrogen cyanide in breath and emitted from skin
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Breath Research. - Bristol, UK : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 1752-7163 .- 1752-7155. ; 5:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The hydrogen cyanide (HCN) concentration in exhaled human breath and skin gas samples collected with different sampling techniques was measured using near-infrared cavity ring-down spectroscopy. The median baseline HCN concentrations in samples provided by 19 healthy volunteers 2-4 h after the last meal depended on the employed sampling technique: 6.5 parts per billion by volume (ppbv) in mixed (dead space and end-tidal) mouth-exhaled breath collected to a gas sampling bag, 3.9 ppbv in end-tidal mouth-exhaled breath, 1.3 ppbv in end-tidal nose-exhaled breath, 1.0 ppbv in unwashed skin and 0.6 ppbv in washed skin samples. Diurnal measurements showed that elevated HCN levels are to be expected in mouth-exhaled breath samples after food and drink intake, which suggests HCN generation in the oral cavity. The HCN concentrations in end-tidal nose-exhaled breath and skin gas samples were correlated, and it is concluded that these concentrations best reflect systemic HCN levels.
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- Wu, Haijing, et al.
(författare)
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Molecular control of follicular helper T cell development and differentiation
- 2018
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Immunology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-3224. ; 9:OCT
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Follicular helper T cells (Tfh) are specialized helper T cells that are predominantly located in germinal centers and provide help to B cells. The development and differentiation of Tfh cells has been shown to be regulated by transcription factors, such as B-cell lymphoma 6 protein (Bcl-6), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein-1 (Blimp-1). In addition, cytokines, including IL-21, have been found to be important for Tfh cell development. Moreover, several epigenetic modifications have also been reported to be involved in the determination of Tfh cell fate. The regulatory network is complicated, and the number of novel molecules demonstrated to control the fate of Tfh cells is increasing. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the current knowledge regarding the molecular regulation of Tfh cell development and differentiation at the protein level and at the epigenetic level to elucidate Tfh cell biology and provide potential targets for clinical interventions in the future.
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