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| 2. |
- Eriksson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Demonstration of functionally different interactions between phospholipase C-gamma and the two types of platelet-derived growth factor receptors
- 1995
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Ingår i: Journal of Biological Chemistry. - : American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. - 0021-9258 .- 1083-351X. ; 270:13, s. 7773-7781
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Phosphorylated tyrosine residues in receptor tyrosine kinases serve as binding sites for signal transduction molecules. We have identified two autophosphorylation sites, Tyr-988 and Tyr-1018, in the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) alpha-receptor carboxyl-terminal tail, which are involved in binding of phospholipase C-gamma (PLC-gamma). The capacities of the Y988F and Y1018F mutant PDGF alpha-receptors, expressed in porcine aortic endothelial cells, to bind PLC-gamma are 60 and 5% of that of the wild-type receptor, respectively. Phosphorylated but not unphosphorylated peptides containing Tyr-1018 are able to compete with the intact receptor for binding to immobilized PLC-gamma SH2 domains; a phosphorylated Tyr-988 peptide competes 10 times less efficiently. The complex between PLC-gamma and the PDGF alpha-receptor is more stable than that of PLC-gamma and the PDGF beta-receptor. However, PDGF stimulation results in a smaller fraction of tyrosine-phosphorylated PLC-gamma and a smaller accumulation of inositol trisphosphate in cells expressing the alpha-receptor as compared with cells expressing the beta-receptor. We conclude that phosphorylated Tyr-988 and Tyr-1018 in the PDGF alpha-receptor carboxyl-terminal tail bind PLC-gamma, but this association leads to only a relatively low level of tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of PLC-gamma.
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| 3. |
- Eriksson-Gustavsson, Anna-Lena, 1949-
(författare)
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Att läsa : -ett behov, -ett krav, -en nödvändighet : en analys av den första internationellt jämförande studien av vuxnas förmåga att förstå och använda skriftlig information : International Adult Literacy Survey = [Reading] : [-a need, a requirement, a necessity]
- 1997
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This is a presentation and an analysis of the International Adult Literacy Survey, IALS, the first international comparative study of reading ability and reading habits among adults. The study was carried out in seven countries in Europe and North America during 1994 och 1995. It was conducted by Statistics Canada, in cooperation with Educational Testing Service in USA, and OECD in Paris, France. The aim was to bring to a focus the relations between individuals' reading ability, educational level and occupation, and economic growth and development in society. A second aim was to identify groups of individuals who may suffer, socially as well as economically, because of a low level of reading ability.The National Agency for Education was responsible for the Swedish participation in the study. A representative sample of the population, 16 years of age and older, have taken part in the study, which was conducted by means of interviews and objective tests of reading ability.The results demonstrate that there are substantial differences in reading ability among the population both within the country and in comparison with other countries. Education lays the ground for the development of reading ability, but work-related reading and leisure reading both have an impact on further development of the ability.In analysing the Swedish data focus has been on three variables, education, reading ability and reading habits. Individuals with a high educational level demonstrated better reading ability and more frequent reading activities. both at work and in leisure, than did individuals with a lower educational level. Individuals with higher education read more books, visited a library more often and read much more in relation to work than did individuals with lower education.According to the IALS survey, however, approximately one third of the Swedish 16+ population did not reach the level of reading ability that is set in the national curriculum (Lpo 94) as a goal for the end of grade 9 in the Swedish compulsory school.This thesis also contains a pilot study, the aim of which is to test a method of researching adults' reading habits in depth. In the pilot study data were collected by means of reading-diaries. From the diaries it appeared that the time individuals reserved for reading during week days increased substantially from the lowest to the highest level of education. It was the time spent with reading in relation to work that made all the difference. It was also evident that the variation of reading materials was much larger for individuals with a high educational level than for those with a low educational level.The opportunities and possibilities for adults to improve their reading ability vary a great deal. There is every reason to emphasize the need for increased opportunities of recurrent education, in order to avoid a wider and deeper gap between individuals with high and low levels of reading ability. Further research about the context and requirements of adult reading in the future society is also needed.
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| 4. |
- Eriksson, Jonnie, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Tarkovskijs "Stalker" : En analys
- 1999
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Arbetet bygger på ett projekt inom ämnet filmvetenskap vid Högskolan i Halmstad, Foto- och Filmhögskolan i Göteborg samt Göteborgs Universitet, i vilket studenter analyserat Andrej Tarkovskijs film Stalker (1972) utifrån en rad frågor. Svaren på dessa uppgifter har här legat till underlag för en självständig bearbetning som sammanfattar resultatet i formen av en analys av filmen ifråga utifrån sju aspekter: handlingens tematik, den dramaturgiska framställningsformen, bildspråkets former, gestaltningen av tid och av rum, skildringen av fiktionens karaktärer samt den människosyn som representeras. Den teoretiska tonvikten ligger vid Bakhtins och Deleuzes idéer om bilden av rum och tid inom konst; en särskild hänsyn tas till filosofiska och religiösa frågor inom filmen.
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| 5. |
- Eriksson, Lars I, et al.
(författare)
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Functional assessment of the pharynx at rest and during swallowing in partially paralyzed humans: simultaneous videomanometry and mechanomyography of awake human volunteers
- 1997
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Ingår i: Anesthesiology. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 1528-1175 .- 0003-3022. ; 87:5, s. 1035-1043
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Functional characteristics of the pharynx and upper esophagus, including aspiration episodes, were investigated in 14 awake volunteers during various levels of partial neuromuscular block. Pharyngeal function was evaluated using videoradiography and computerized pharyngeal manometry during contrast bolus swallowing. METHODS: Measurements of pharyngeal constrictor muscle function (contraction amplitude, duration, and slope), upper esophageal sphincter muscle resting tone, muscle coordination, bolus transit time, and aspiration under fluoroscopic control (laryngeal or tracheal penetration) were made before (control measurements) and during a vecuronium-induced partial neuromuscular paralysis, at fixed intervals of mechanical adductor pollicis muscle train-of-four (TOF) fade; that is, at TOF ratios of 0.60, 0.70, 0.80, and after recovery to a TOF ratio > 0.90. RESULTS: Six volunteers aspirated (laryngeal penetration) at a TOF ratio < 0.90. None of them aspirated at a TOF ratio > 0.90 or during control recording. Pharyngeal constrictor muscle function was not affected at any level of paralysis. The upper esophageal sphincter resting tone was significantly reduced at TOF ratios of 0.60, 0.70, and 0.80 (P < 0.05). This was associated with reduced muscle coordination and shortened bolus transit time at a TOF ratio of 0.60. CONCLUSIONS: Vecuronium-induced partial paralysis cause pharyngeal dysfunction and increased risk for aspiration at mechanical adductor pollicis TOF ratios < 0.90. Pharyngeal function is not normalized until an adductor pollicis TOF ratio of > 0.90 is reached. The upper esophageal sphincter muscle is more sensitive to vecuronium than is the pharyngeal constrictor muscle.
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| 6. |
- Eriksson, Leif, et al.
(författare)
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Lung transplantation at the University of Lund 1990-1995. Analysis of the first 39 consecutive patients
- 1998
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2006 .- 1401-7431. ; 32:1, s. 23-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Between 1990 and 1995 39 patients were lung transplanted at the University Hospital in Lund. This is a retrospective review of survival and lung function in these patients. There were 17 single-lung transplants (SLT), 21 double-lung transplants (DLT) and 1 heart-lung transplant (HLT). Seven patients died during the period, giving an overall survival of 82%. One-year survival according to Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was 87%, and 2-year survival was 83%. Vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) 1 year after transplantation were 91% and 100% of predicted, respectively, in the DLT group and 60% and 50% in the SLT group. Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) developed in 11 of the 35 patients (31%) surviving more than 6 months, 2/21 in the DLT group and 8/13 in the SLT group and in the patient with HLT. The median time until detection of BOS was 11 months after the operation (range 6-18 months). Working capacity 1 year after transplantation was 60% of predicted in the DLT group and 47% of predicted in the SLT group. Ventilatory capacity was no longer function limiting. Lung transplantation today is a therapeutic option with a good medium-term survival and good functional results in selected patients with severe lung disease.
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| 8. |
- Wirgart, Benita Zweygberg, et al.
(författare)
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Cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA amplification from plasma compared with CMV pp65 antigen (ppUL83) detection in leukocytes for early diagnosis of symptomatic CMV infection in kidney transplant patients
- 1996
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Ingår i: Clinical and Diagnostic Virology. - 0928-0197 .- 1873-4901. ; 7:2, s. 99-110
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Rapid laboratory methods for the early detection of cytomegalovirus (CMV) are needed for the prevention of CMV disease in transplant recipients. These methods should not only be able to detect the virus but also be highly predictive for CMV disease. OBJECTIVE: The clinical value of a simple and rapid nested plasma polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was evaluated by comparing the results with CMV pp65 antigen detection in leukocytes (CMV antigenemia assay), virus isolation from leukocytes, CMV IgG and IgM antibody response and clinical data. STUDY DESIGN: A total of 471 EDTA blood samples were collected from 85 kidney transplant patients during a 3-4 month period after transplantation. CMV DNA was amplified directly from 10 microliters of plasma while 150000 separated leukocytes were stained for CMV pp65 antigen by each of two monoclonal antibodies. A total of one million leukocytes were used for virus isolation. The PCR protocol used in the present study involves a simple alkaline lysis technique for isolating DNA directly from plasma which is easy and rapid to perform. RESULTS: Twenty-eight patients developed symptomatic CMV infection while asymptomatic infection occurred in 29 patients. CMV pp65 antigen detection had a 75% sensitivity and a 57% positive predictive value for CMV disease development, compared with 64% and 79% sensitivity and 49% and 46% positive predictive value for CMV DNA and viremia, respectively. The median time until detection of CMV in patients with symptomatic CMV infection was 26 days after transplantation, compared with 49 days in asymptomatic patients by any of the methods used. Early appearance (within 8 weeks) of CMV pp65 antigen and CMV DNA had high predictive values for symptomatic infection; repeated detection of pp65 antigen and CMV DNA were more common in symptomatic patients. CONCLUSIONS: CMV antigenemia assay and plasma PCR can be used for pre-symptomatic diagnosis of CMV infection. Virus isolation and CMV serology in most cases provide a post-symptomatic diagnosis. The best marker for monitoring kidney transplant patients might be the quantitative CMV antigenemia assay.
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