| 1. |
- Abele, H., et al.
(författare)
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Particle physics at the European Spallation Source
- 2023
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Ingår i: Physics reports. - : Elsevier. - 0370-1573 .- 1873-6270. ; 1023, s. 1-84
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Presently under construction in Lund, Sweden, the European Spallation Source (ESS) will be the world’s brightest neutron source. As such, it has the potential for a particle physics program with a unique reach and which is complementary to that available at other facilities. This paper describes proposed particle physics activities for the ESS. These encompass the exploitation of both the neutrons and neutrinos produced at the ESS for high precision (sensitivity) measurements (searches).
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Magalhães, S., et al.
(författare)
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Eco-Friendly Methods for Extraction and Modification of Cellulose : An Overview
- 2023
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Ingår i: Polymers. - : MDPI. - 2073-4360. ; 15:14
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cellulose is the most abundant renewable polymer on Earth and can be obtained from several different sources, such as trees, grass, or biomass residues. However, one of the issues is that not all the fractionation processes are eco-friendly and are essentially based on cooking the lignocellulose feedstock in a harsh chemical mixture, such as NaOH + Na2S, and water, to break loose fibers. In the last few years, new sustainable fractionation processes have been developed that enable the obtaining of cellulose fibers in a more eco-friendly way. As a raw material, cellulose’s use is widely known and established in many areas. Additionally, its products/derivatives are recognized to have a far better environmental impact than fossil-based materials. Examples are textiles and packaging, where forest-based fibers may contribute to renewable and biodegradable substitutes for common synthetic materials and plastics. In this review, some of the main structural characteristics and properties of cellulose, recent green extraction methods/strategies, chemical modification, and applications of cellulose derivatives are discussed.
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| 4. |
- Soares, Pedro R., et al.
(författare)
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Drought effects on soil organic carbon under different agricultural systems
- 2023
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Ingår i: Environmental Research Communications (ERC). - : IOP Publishing. - 2515-7620. ; 5:11
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Drought is a natural hazard occurring with increasing frequency due to climate change. Drought events reduce soil water content and also soil organic carbon (SOC) content, with negative impacts on crop development and food security. This study investigates the impact of drought on SOC dynamics in agricultural systems and the influence of water availability and farm management practices in these impacts. The manuscript is a systematic review, based on Scopus database for scoping the literature on the topic. A total of 283 records were retrieved, but only 16 papers were relevant for the review. The main findings are: (1) water plays a key role in regulating SOC mineralization due to its impact on dynamics of soil microbial communities, necessitating further research on water management to mitigate carbon losses during drought; (2) different agricultural systems can have differing impacts on SOC under drought conditions depending on crop type (e.g. pastures are more resilient than arable systems) and farm management practices; and (3) SOC loss generally occurs after a drought event, regardless of farm management regime, but the contribution of drought to this loss requires further research. Best management practices, such as cover cropping and soil amendment, can minimize SOC losses, but further research is required to optimize these practices in counteracting the effect of drought. A better understanding of the effects of drought on SOC dynamics, and of short-term and long-term ways to mitigate these effects, is important to ensure soil health and crop productivity.
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