| 1. |
- Clark, Andrew G., et al.
(författare)
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Evolution of genes and genomes on the Drosophila phylogeny
- 2007
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 450:7167, s. 203-218
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Comparative analysis of multiple genomes in a phylogenetic framework dramatically improves the precision and sensitivity of evolutionary inference, producing more robust results than single-genome analyses can provide. The genomes of 12 Drosophila species, ten of which are presented here for the first time (sechellia, simulans, yakuba, erecta, ananassae, persimilis, willistoni, mojavensis, virilis and grimshawi), illustrate how rates and patterns of sequence divergence across taxa can illuminate evolutionary processes on a genomic scale. These genome sequences augment the formidable genetic tools that have made Drosophila melanogaster a pre-eminent model for animal genetics, and will further catalyse fundamental research on mechanisms of development, cell biology, genetics, disease, neurobiology, behaviour, physiology and evolution. Despite remarkable similarities among these Drosophila species, we identified many putatively non-neutral changes in protein-coding genes, non-coding RNA genes, and cis-regulatory regions. These may prove to underlie differences in the ecology and behaviour of these diverse species.
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| 2. |
- Krueger, H., et al.
(författare)
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Galileo dust data from the jovian system: 1997-1999
- 2006
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Ingår i: Planetary and Space Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-5088 .- 0032-0633. ; 54:9-10, s. 879-910
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The dust detector system on board the Galileo spacecraft recorded dust impacts in circumjovian space during the craft's orbital mission about Jupiter. This is the eighth in a series of papers dedicated to presenting Galileo and Ulysses dust data. We present data from the Galileo dust instrument for the period January 1997-December 1999 when the spacecraft completed 21 revolutions about Jupiter. In this time interval data were obtained as high resolution realtime science data or recorded data during 449 days (representing 41% of the entire period), or via memory readouts during the remaining times. Because the data transmission rate of the spacecraft was very low, the complete data set (i.e. all parameters measured by the instrument during impact of a dust particle) of only 3% (7625) of all particles detected could be transmitted to Earth; the other particles were only counted. Together with the data of 2883 particles detected during, Galileo's interplanetary cruise and 53 53 particles detected in the jovian system in 1996, complete data of 15 861 particles detected by the Galileo dust instrument from 1989 to 1999 are now available. The majority of the detected particles were tiny grains (about 10 nm in radius), most of them originating from Jupiter's innermost Galilean moon Io. They were detected throughout the jovian system and the highest impact rates exceeded 100 min(-1) (C21 orbit; 01 July 1999). With the new data set the times of onset, cessation and a 180 degrees shift in the impact direction of the grains measured during 19 Galileo orbits about Jupiter are well reproduced by simulated 9 nm particles charged up to a potential of +3 V, confirming earlier results obtained for only two Galileo orbits (Horanyi, M., Grun, E., Heck, A., 1997. Modeling the Galileo dust measurements at Jupiter. Geophys. Res. Lett. 24, 2175-2178). Galileo has detected a large number of bigger particles mostly in the region between the Galilean moons. The average radius of 370 of these grains measured in the 1996-1999 period is about 2 mu m (assuming spherical grains with density 1 g cm(-3)) and the size distribution rises steeply towards smaller grains. The biggest detected particles have a radius of about 10 mu m. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
- Andersen, J. R., et al.
(författare)
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Small-x phenomenology - Summary of the 3rd Lund small-x workshop in 2004
- 2006
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. Particles and Fields. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044 .- 1434-6052. ; 48:1, s. 53-105
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- A third workshop on small-x physics, within the Small-x Collaboration, was held in Hamburg in May 2004 with the aim of overviewing recent theoretical progress in this area and summarizing the experimental status.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Buttar, C.M., et al.
(författare)
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The Underlying Event
- 2005
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Ingår i: HERA and the LHC: A Workshop on the implications of HERA for LHC physics.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
- Delgado, R. M. Duran, et al.
(författare)
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String effects on Fermi-Dirac correlation measurements
- 2007
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. Particles and Fields. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044. ; 52:1, s. 113-119
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigate some recent measurements of Fermi-Dirac correlations by the LEP collaborations indicating surprisingly small source radii for the production of baryons in e(+)e(-) annihilation at the Z(0) peak. In hadronization models there is besides the Fermi-Dirac correlation effect also a strong dynamical (anti-) correlation. We demonstrate that the extraction of the pure FD effect is highly dependent on a realistic Monte Carlo event generator, both for separation of those dynamical correlations that are not related to Fermi-Dirac statistics, and for corrections of the data and background subtractions. Although the model can be tuned to well reproduce single particle distributions, there are large model uncertainties when it comes to correlations between identical baryons. We therefore, unfortunately, have to conclude that it is at present not possible to draw any firm conclusion about the source radii relevant for baryon production at LEP.
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| 8. |
- Gustafson, Pernilla, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Formaldehyde levels in Sweden: personal exposure, indoor, and outdoor concentrations
- 2005
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Ingår i: J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. ; 15:3, s. 252-60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Formaldehyde is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant and is probably carcinogenic to humans. Exposure to formaldehyde was investigated in the general population with personal as well as stationary measurements. The results from two campaigns in two Swedish cities are presented, including measurements of personal exposure among a total of 65 randomly selected subjects together with simultaneous measurements of individual indoor and outdoor concentrations. Diffusive GMD samplers were placed in the breathing zone, in the participants' bedrooms, and outside their homes for 24 h in campaign A and six days in campaign B. Repeated measurements were also conducted in order to study the variability between and within individuals. Median personal exposure to formaldehyde was 22 microg/m(3) (campaign A) and 23 microg/m(3) (campaign B), which is within the guideline value range of 12-60 microg/m(3) proposed in Sweden. Bedroom concentrations were generally slightly higher than personal exposure, while outdoor concentrations (measured only in campaign B) were low. In campaign B, the stationary measurements were used to model personal exposure. Bedroom concentrations were found to explain 90% of the variation of the measured personal exposure and predicted personal exposure nearly as well as an extended model that also included the outdoor contribution. Subjects living in single-family houses had significantly higher exposure to formaldehyde compared with subjects living in apartments. The 24-h and 6-day sampling periods yield a relatively low within-individual variability for formaldehyde measurements with GMD samplers.
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| 9. |
- Gustafson, R, et al.
(författare)
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Rapid subcutaneous immunoglobulin administration every second week results in high and stable serum immunoglobulin G levels in patients with primary antibody deficiencies
- 2008
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Ingår i: Clinical and experimental immunology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1365-2249 .- 0009-9104. ; 152:2, s. 274-279
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Subcutaneous immunoglobulin G (SCIG) infusions as life-long replacement therapy in patients with primary antibody deficiences (PAD) is being applied increasingly. However, only a few published pharmacokinetic studies are available for this route of administration. Therefore, the pharmacokinetics of a 16% immunoglobulin G (IgG) preparation intended for subcutaneous use were investigated in patients with common variable immunodeficiency and X-linked agammaglobulinaemia. SCIG infusions (200 mg/kg body weight) were administered to 12 adult patients every 14 days for 24 weeks (total of 144 infusions). Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined based on serum IgG trough levels and antibody levels against tetanus. The median half-life of the total serum IgG and for the tetanus antibodies was 40·6 and 23·3 days respectively. Median in vivo recovery of serum IgG and tetanus immunoglobulins were 36% and 46% respectively. Median, preinfusion serum IgG trough levels per patient were high without major variations between infusions and ranged from 7·24 to 7·86 g/l. Safety, in terms of adverse events including systemic adverse reactions and local tissue reactions at infusions sites, was monitored throughout the study. Six mild, local tissue reactions were observed during the study in one patient. No systemic adverse reactions related to the study drug were observed and no serious other adverse event occurred during the study. It is concluded that the bi-weekly SCIG therapy was well tolerated in the study and that it results in high and stable serum IgG levels, offering an alternative therapy regimen to patients suffering from PAD.
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| 10. |
- Hellebö Johanson, Else, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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No acute effect of nateglinide on postprandial lipid and lipoprotein responses in subjects at risk for type 2 diabetes
- 2005
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Ingår i: Diabetes Metab Res Rev. - : Wiley. - 1520-7552. ; 21:4, s. 376-81
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: To study the acute effect of nateglinide, an insulinotropic agent, on the postprandial triglyceride and lipoprotein responses in subjects at risk for type 2 diabetes. METHODS: Six women and 10 men, with at least one first-degree relative with type 2 diabetes were included (Age: 48 +/- 7 years, BMI: 27.5 +/- 2.8 kg m(-2), P-triglycerides: 1.3 +/- 0.4 mmol L(-1), P-cholesterol: 5.4 +/- 0.6 mmol L(-1), B-glucose: 4.6 +/- 0.3 mmol L(-1)). They each had two 8-h meal tolerance tests with either nateglinide or placebo given 10 min prior to the meals in randomized order. Lipoprotein fractions were separated by density gradient ultracentrifugation. First-phase insulin secretion was assessed by an intravenous glucose tolerance test (300 mg kg(-1) body weight) and insulin sensitivity by a hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamp (40 mU m(-2) min(-1)). RESULTS: The 1-h insulin levels during the meal tolerance test were significantly higher with nateglinide (577 +/- 81 vs 376 +/- 58 pmol L(-1), p < 0.001), as well as the response during the first two hours (IAUC: 41 243 +/- 5844 vs 29 956 +/- 4662 pmol L(-1) min, p < 0.01). Accordingly, nateglinide lowered the 8-h postprandial glucose response by around 60% compared to placebo (p < 0.001). In contrast, no significant lowering was seen in the excursion of postprandial triglycerides in total plasma or lipoprotein fractions. Consistently, the concentration of exogenous (apoB-48) and endogenous (apoB-100) lipoproteins was not reduced by nateglinide. CONCLUSIONS: Acute administration of nateglinide reduces, as expected, the postprandial glucose concentration, but no reduction in triglyceride or lipoprotein responses are seen in subjects at risk for type 2 diabetes.
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