| 1. |
- Zettersten, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
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The influence of the thin-layer flow cell design on the mass spectra when coupling electrochemistry to electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-0728 .- 1873-2569 .- 1572-6657. ; 590:1, s. 90-99
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The influence of the flow cell configuration on the mass spectra obtained when coupling an electrochemical thin-layer flow cell to electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) has been investigated. It is shown that interferences due to the electrochemical reaction on the counter electrode and/or the absence of 100% conversion efficiency can alter the mass spectra when conventional thin-layer flow cells are used in conjunction with ESI-MS. The effects, which affect the intensities and distribution of the peaks in the mass spectra, can result in the inability to detect products formed at the working electrode. Comparisons of mass spectra, generated after the electrochemical oxidation of a dinuclear Mn complex (where bpmp = 2,6-bis[bis(2-pyridylmethyl) amino]methyl-4-methylphenol) using two different thin-layer flow cells clearly show that the potential dependence and appearance of the mass spectra depend on the flow cell configuration used. The use of a modified thin-layer flow cell, in which the counter electrode had been separated from the working electrode, gave rise to significantly increased intensities for the oxidised MnIII,IV state of the complex. With the conventional unmodified cell, the corresponding complex was only seen for considerably higher oxidation potentials. The different results can be explained by the reduced risk of redox cycling and interferences due to species generated at the counter electrode with the modified cell. As interferences due to the counter electrode reactions likewise may be expected with many coulometric flow cells, the electrochemical cell design clearly needs to be considered when using electrochemistry coupled to ESI-MS to study electrochemical reactions.
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| 2. |
- Abrahamsson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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A 3.0 mu s room temperature excited state lifetime of a bistridentate Ru-II-polypyridine complex for rod-like molecular arrays
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0002-7863 .- 1520-5126. ; 128:39, s. 12616-12617
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A bistridentate RuII-polypyridine complex [Ru(bqp)2]2+ (bqp = 2,6-bis(8'-quinolinyl)pyridine) has been prepared, which has a coordination geometry much closer to a perfect octahedron than the typical Ru(terpyridine)2-type complex. Thus, the complex displays a 3.0 mus lifetime of the lowest excited metal-to-ligand charge transfer (3MLCT) state at room temperature. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the longest MLCT state lifetime reported for a RuII-polypyridyl complex at room temperature. The structure allows for the future construction of rod-like, isomer-free molecular arrays by substitution of donor and acceptor moieties on the central pyridine units. This makes it a promising photosensitizer for applications in molecular devices for artificial photosynthesis and molecular electronics.
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| 3. |
- Abrahamsson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Modulation of the lowest metal-to-ligand charge-transfer state in [Ru(bpy)(2)(N-N)](2+) systems by changing the N-N from hydrazone to azine : Photophysical Consequences
- 2006
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Ingår i: Inorganic Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0020-1669 .- 1520-510X. ; 45:23, s. 9580-9586
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two Ru( II) complexes, [ Ru( bpy) L-2]( ClO4) 2 ( 1) and [ Ru( bpy)(2)L']( BF4) 2 ( 2), where bpy is 2,2'-bipyridine, L is diacetyl dihydrazone, and L' 1: 2 is the condensate of L and acetone, are synthesized. From X-ray crystal structures, both are found to contain distorted octahedral RuN62+ cores. NMR spectra show that the cations in 1 and 2 possess a C-2 axis in solution. They display the expected metal-to-ligand charge transfer ( (MLCT)-M-1) band in the 400 - 500 nm region. Complex 1 is nonemissive at room temperature in solution as well as at 80 K. In contrast, complex 2 gives rise to an appreciable emission upon excitation at 440 nm. The room-temperature emission is centered at 730 nm ( lambda(max)(em)) with a quantum yield ( em) of 0.002 and a lifetime ( tau(em)) of 42 ns in an air-equilibrated methanol - ethanol solution. At 80 K, Phi(em) = 0.007 and tau(em)= 178 ns, with a lambda(max)(em) of 690 nm, which is close to the 0 - 0 transition, indicating an (MLCT)-M-3 excited-state energy of 1.80 eV. The radiative rate constant ( 5 x 10(4) s(-1)) at room temperature and 80 K is almost temperature independent. From spectroelectrochemistry, it is found that bpy is easiest to reduce in 2 and that L is easiest in 1. The implications of this are that in 2 the lowest (MLCT)-M-3 state is localized on a bpy ligand and in 1 it is localized on L. Transient absorption results also support these assignments. As a consequence, even though 2 shows a fairly strong and long-lived emission from a Ru( II) -> bpy CT state, the Ru( II) -> L CT state in 1 shows no detectable emission even at 80 K.
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| 4. |
- Abrahamsson, Maria, 1975-
(författare)
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Tuning of the Excited State Properties of Ruthenium(II)-Polypyridyl Complexes
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Processes where a molecule absorbs visible light and then converts the solar energy into chemical energy are important in many biological systems, such as photosynthesis and also in many technical applications e.g. photovoltaics. This thesis describes a part of a multidisciplinary project, aiming at a functional mimic of the natural photosynthesis, with the overall goal of production of a renewable fuel from sun and water. More specific, the thesis is focused on design and photophysical characterization of new photosensitizers, i.e. light absorbers that should be capable of transferring electrons to an acceptor and be suitable building blocks for supramolecular rod-like donor-photosensitizer-acceptor arrays. The excited state lifetime, the excited state energy and the geometry are important properties for a photosensitizer. The work presented here describes a new strategy to obtain longer excited state lifetimes of the geometrically favorable Ru(II)-bistridentate type complexes, without a concomitant substantial decrease in excited state energy. The basic idea is that a more octahedral coordination around the Ru will lead to longer excited state lifetimes. In the first generation of new photosensitizers a 50-fold increase of the excited state lifetime was observed, going from 0.25 ns for the model complex to 15 ns for the best photosensitizer. The second generation goes another step forward, to an excited state lifetime of 810 ns. Furthermore, the third generation of new photosensitizers show excited state lifetimes in the 0.45 - 5.5 microsecond region at room temperature, a significant improvement. In addition, the third generation of photosensitizers are suitable for further symmetric attachment of electron donor and acceptor motifs, and it is shown that the favorable properties are maintained upon the attachment of anchoring groups. The reactivity of the excited state towards light-induced reactions is proved and the photostability is sufficient so the new design strategy has proven successful.
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| 8. |
- Ekström, Jesper, et al.
(författare)
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Bio-inspired, side-on attachment of a ruthenium photosensitizer to an iron hydrogenase active site model
- 2006
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Ingår i: Dalton Transactions. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1477-9226 .- 1477-9234. ; :38, s. 4599-4606
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The first ruthenium - diiron complex [(mu- pdt) Fe-2(CO)(5){PPh2(C(6)H(4)CCbpy)} Ru(bpy)(2)](2+) 1 (pdt = propyldithiolate, bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine) is described in which the photoactive ruthenium trisbipyridyl unit is linked to a model of the iron hydrogenase active site by a ligand directly attached to one of the iron centers. Electrochemical and photophysical studies show that the light-induced MLCT excited state of the title complex is localized towards the potential diiron acceptor unit. However, the relatively mild potential required for the reduction of the acetylenic bipyridine together with the easily oxidized diiron portion leads to a reductive quenching of the excited state, instead. This process results in a transiently oxidized diiron unit which may explain the surprisingly high light sensitivity of complex 1.
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