| 1. |
- Li, Lili, et al.
(författare)
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Heparanase overexpression reduces carrageenan-induced mechanical and cold hypersensitivity in mice
- 2012
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Ingår i: Neuroscience Letters. - : Elsevier BV. - 0304-3940 .- 1872-7972. ; 511:1, s. 4-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Heparanase controls the structure and functions of extracellular matrix (ECM) by degrading heparan sulfate proteoglycans. Heparanase is involved in inflammatory process through modulating the functions of inflammatory cytokines. The present study aimed to find out whether overexpression of heparanase in mice affects carrageenan-induced localized inflammation and inflammatory hyperalgesia. Without challenge, the heparanase overexpression did not significantly affect the mice in response to mechanical, cold and heat stimulation. Unilateral subcutaneous administration of carrageenan produced hypersensitivity to mechanical and cold in both wildtype and the heparanase overexpression (Hpa-tg) mice 24h after treatment. In comparison to wildtype animals, the Hpa-tg mice showed significantly reduced mechanical and cold hypersensitivity. This may, at least partially, due to the reduced mast cell infiltration at the site of inflammation in Hpa-tg mice. These data support a role for heparanase that reduces localized inflammation and inflammatory hyperalgesia in mice.
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| 2. |
- Carlsson-Jonsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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N-terminal truncations of substance P1-7 amide affect its action on spinal cord injury-induced mechanical allodynia in rats
- 2014
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Ingår i: European Journal of Pharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0014-2999 .- 1879-0712. ; 738, s. 319-325
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Central neuropathic pain can arise from injury of the spinal cord and can become chronic. Treatment is difficult and, because complete pain relief is currently very hard to achieve, there is a need for new, more effective treatment options. In this study we used an animal model of spinal cord injury to evaluate the potency of a bioactive fragment of substance P (SP), i.e. SP1-7, in alleviating signs of allodynia and acute pain. SP1-7 is known from earlier studies to possess antinociceptive properties. We also studied the effects of intraperitoneal injection of an amidated analog of this heptapeptide and of its truncated analogs, all of which had high affinity to the SP1-7 binding site, to evaluate the importance of the removed amino acids for the bioclistribution and stability of the peptides. Most of the examined compounds alleviated mechanical alloclynia without any signs of sedation or motor impairment in the rats. In contrast, the response threshold to acute nociceptive stimulation was not affected by arty of the compounds tested. Most of the amino acids in the heptapepticle structure were essential for retaining the biological effect after peripheral injection. These observations suggest that the heptapepticle and its N-Lerminal truncated hexa- and pentapeptide analogs could be of interest for further development of analgesics in the management of mechanical allodynia.
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| 3. |
- Fernandez, J. L. Abelleira, et al.
(författare)
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A Large Hadron Electron Collider at CERN
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics G. - : IOP Publishing. - 0954-3899 .- 1361-6471. ; 39:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
- Gu, Qiang, et al.
(författare)
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VKORC1-1639G>A, CYP2C9, EPHX1691A>G genotype, body weight, and age are important predictors for warfarin maintenance doses in patients with mechanical heart valve prostheses in southwest China
- 2010
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0031-6970 .- 1432-1041. ; 66:12, s. 1217-1227
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There were great interindividual differences in warfarin maintenance dosage (ranging from 0.6 to 8.4 mg/day) among the 127 patients with mechanical heart valve prostheses. VKORC1-1639G>A, CYP2C9, EPHX1691A>G polymorphism, body weight, and age were found to affect the dose demands. Multiple linear regression models incorporating genetic polymorphisms of VKORC1, CYP2C9, EPHX1691A>G, and the nongenetic factors of age and body weight were developed, and explained up to 76.8% of the total variation (adjusted R (2) of 0.743) in warfarin maintenance doses in southwest Chinese patients with mechanical heart valve prostheses.
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| 5. |
- Hao, Manzhao, et al.
(författare)
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Corticomuscular transmission of tremor signals by propriospinal neurons in Parkinson's disease.
- 2013
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science. - 1932-6203. ; 8:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cortical oscillatory signals of single and double tremor frequencies act together to cause tremor in the peripheral limbs of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). But the corticospinal pathway that transmits the tremor signals has not been clarified, and how alternating bursts of antagonistic muscle activations are generated from the cortical oscillatory signals is not well understood. This paper investigates the plausible role of propriospinal neurons (PN) in C3-C4 in transmitting the cortical oscillatory signals to peripheral muscles. Kinematics data and surface electromyogram (EMG) of tremor in forearm were collected from PD patients. A PN network model was constructed based on known neurophysiological connections of PN. The cortical efferent signal of double tremor frequencies were integrated at the PN network, whose outputs drove the muscles of a virtual arm (VA) model to simulate tremor behaviors. The cortical efferent signal of single tremor frequency actuated muscle spindles. By comparing tremor data of PD patients and the results of model simulation, we examined two hypotheses regarding the corticospinal transmission of oscillatory signals in Parkinsonian tremor. Hypothesis I stated that the oscillatory cortical signals were transmitted via the mono-synaptic corticospinal pathways bypassing the PN network. The alternative hypothesis II stated that they were transmitted by way of PN multi-synaptic corticospinal pathway. Simulations indicated that without the PN network, the alternating burst patterns of antagonistic muscle EMGs could not be reliably generated, rejecting the first hypothesis. However, with the PN network, the alternating burst patterns of antagonist EMGs were naturally reproduced under all conditions of cortical oscillations. The results suggest that cortical commands of single and double tremor frequencies are further processed at PN to compute the alternating burst patterns in flexor and extensor muscles, and the neuromuscular dynamics demonstrated a frequency dependent damping on tremor, which may prevent tremor above 8 Hz to occur.
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| 6. |
- Hao, Yan, et al.
(författare)
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Photo-induced electron transfer study of D-pi-A sensitizers with different type of anchoring groups for dye-sensitized solar cells
- 2012
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Ingår i: RSC Advances. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2046-2069. ; 2:14, s. 6011-6017
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new D-pi-A organic dye HY102 with a lateral anchoring group and two reference dyes HY102-1 (using cyanoacrylic acid as an electron acceptor and the anchoring group) and HY102-2 (containing both cyanoacrylic acid and lateral carboxylic acid) have been synthesized. The optical and electrochemical test results from the three different styles of photosensitizers show that the excited electrons of the novel dye HY102 with lateral carboxylic acid group most probably are injected into the CB of TiO2 through the electron acceptor moiety close to the TiO2 surface by spatial transfer, not through the lateral anchoring group of the carboxylic acid. Research into the photo-induced electron transfer of the novel sensitizers with lateral anchoring system is reasonable and crucial for further improving efficiencies by modifying the molecular structures.
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| 7. |
- Sjödin, Martin, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainable Batteries
- 2014
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Ingår i: NFM conference, Prague 16-18th June 2014..
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
- Xing, Fangqian, et al.
(författare)
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Needle morphological evidence of the homoploid hybrid origin of Pinus densata based on analysis of artificial hybrids and the putative parents, Pinus tabuliformis and Pinus yunnanensis
- 2014
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Ingår i: Ecology and Evolution. - : Wiley. - 2045-7758. ; 4:10, s. 1890-1902
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genetic analyses indicate that Pinus densata is a natural homoploid hybrid originating from Pinus tabuliformis and Pinus yunnanensis. Needle morphological and anatomical features show relative species stability and can be used to identify coniferous species. Comparative analyses of these needle characteristics and phenotypic differences between the artificial hybrids, P.densata, and parental species can be used to determine the genetic and phenotypic evolutionary consequences of natural hybridization. Twelve artificial hybrid families, the two parental species, and P.densata were seeded in a high-altitude habitat in Linzhi, Tibet. The needles of artificial hybrids and the three pine species were collected, and 24 needle morphological and anatomical traits were analyzed. Based on these results, variations in 10 needle traits among artificial hybrid families and 22 traits among species and artificial hybrids were predicted and found to be under moderate genetic control. Nineteen needle traits in artificial hybrids were similar to those in P.densata and between the two parental species, P.tabuliformis and P.yunnanensis. The ratio of plants with three needle clusters in artificial hybrids was 22.92%, which was very similar to P.densata. The eight needle traits (needle length, the mean number of stomata in sections 2mm in length of the convex and flat sides of the needle, mean stomatal density, mesophyll/vascular bundle area ratio, mesophyll/resin canal area ratio, mesophyll/(resin canals and vascular bundles) area ratio, vascular bundle/resin canal area ratio) relative to physiological adaptability were similar to the artificial hybrids and P.densata. The similar needle features between the artificial hybrids and P.densata could be used to verify the homoploid hybrid origin of P.densata and helps to better understand of the hybridization roles in adaptation and speciation in plants.
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| 9. |
- Yang, Jia-Xiang, et al.
(författare)
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Facile synthesis, optical properties and theoretical calculation of two novel two-photon absorption chromophores
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Luminescence. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-2313 .- 1872-7883. ; 130:4, s. 654-659
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two heterocycle-based derivatives that can be used as two-photon absorption chromophore, 9-butyl-3-(2,6-diphenylpyridin-4-yl)-9H-carbazole (BDPYC) and 9-butyl-3-(4-(2, 6-diphenylpyridin-4-yl)styryl)-9H-carbazole (BDPSC) have been successfully synthesized and fully characterized by elemental analysis, IR, H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR and MS. The molecules possess D-pi-A structures, but have different pi bridge. The 9-butylcarbazole is used as a donor (D), and the pyridine ring is used as an acceptor (A). One- and two-photon absorption and excited fluorescence properties in various solvents were experimentally investigated. Two-photon initiated optical data recording experiments have been carried Out under 740 nm laser radiation, and the possible mechanism of optical data storage is discussed based on theoretical calculations.
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| 10. |
- Zhang, Guojie, et al.
(författare)
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Comparative genomics reveals insights into avian genome evolution and adaptation
- 2014
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 346:6215, s. 1311-1320
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Birds are the most species-rich class of tetrapod vertebrates and have wide relevance across many research fields. We explored bird macroevolution using full genomes from 48 avian species representing all major extant clades. The avian genome is principally characterized by its constrained size, which predominantly arose because of lineage-specific erosion of repetitive elements, large segmental deletions, and gene loss. Avian genomes furthermore show a remarkably high degree of evolutionary stasis at the levels of nucleotide sequence, gene synteny, and chromosomal structure. Despite this pattern of conservation, we detected many non-neutral evolutionary changes in protein-coding genes and noncoding regions. These analyses reveal that pan-avian genomic diversity covaries with adaptations to different lifestyles and convergent evolution of traits.
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