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- Kanai, M, et al.
(författare)
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- 2023
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Verma, N., et al.
(författare)
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A beta efflux impairment and inflammation linked to cerebrovascular accumulation of amyloid-forming amylin secreted from pancreas
- 2023
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Ingår i: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 6:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Impairment of vascular pathways of cerebral beta-amyloid (A beta) elimination contributes to Alzheimer disease (AD). Vascular damage is commonly associated with diabetes. Here we show in human tissues and AD-model rats that bloodborne islet amyloid polypeptide (amylin) secreted from the pancreas perturbs cerebral A beta clearance. Blood amylin concentrations are higher in AD than in cognitively unaffected persons. Amyloid-forming amylin accumulates in circulating monocytes and co-deposits with A beta within the brain microvasculature, possibly involving inflammation. In rats, pancreatic expression of amyloid-forming human amylin indeed induces cerebrovascular inflammation and amylin-A beta co-deposits. LRP1-mediated A beta transport across the blood-brain barrier and A beta clearance through interstitial fluid drainage along vascular walls are impaired, as indicated by A beta deposition in perivascular spaces. At the molecular level, cerebrovascular amylin deposits alter immune and hypoxia-related brain gene expression. These converging data from humans and laboratory animals suggest that altering bloodborne amylin could potentially reduce cerebrovascular amylin deposits and A beta pathology.
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| 4. |
- Hampel, H., et al.
(författare)
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The amyloid-beta pathway in Alzheimer's disease: a plain language summary
- 2023
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Ingår i: Neurodegenerative Disease Management. - : Future Medicine Ltd. - 1758-2024 .- 1758-2032. ; 13:3, s. 141-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- What is this summary about? This plain language summary of an article published in Molecular Psychiatry, reviews the evidence supporting the role of the amyloid-b (Ab) pathway and its dysregulation in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and highlights the rationale for drugs targeting the A beta pathway in the early stages of the disease. Why is this important? A beta is a protein fragment (or peptide) that exists in several forms distinguished by their size, shape/structure, degree of solubility and disease relevance. The accumulation of A beta plaques is a hallmark of AD. However, smaller, soluble aggregates of A beta - including Ab protofibrils - also play a role in the disease. Because A beta-related disease mechanisms are complex, the diagnosis, treatment and management of AD should be reflective of and guided by up-to-date scientific knowledge and research findings in this area. This article describes the A beta protein and its role in AD, summarizing the evidence showing that altered A beta clearance from the brain may lead to the imbalance, toxic buildup and misfolding of the protein - triggering a cascade of cellular, molecular and systematic events that ultimately lead to AD. What are the key takeaways? The physiological balance of brain A beta levels in the context of AD is complex. Despite many unanswered questions, mounting evidence indicates that A beta has a central role in driving AD progression. A better understanding of the A beta pathway biology will help identify the best therapeutic targets for AD and inform treatment approaches.
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| 6. |
- Ghoraishi, Mir, et al.
(författare)
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Towards versatile access networks (Chapter 3)
- 2023
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Ingår i: Towards Sustainable and Trustworthy 6G: Challenges, Enablers, and Architectural Design. - 9781638282396 ; , s. 40-120
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Compared to its previous generations, the 5th generation (5G) cellular network features an additional type of densification, i.e., a large number of active antennas per access point (AP) can be deployed. This technique is known as massive multipleinput multiple-output (mMIMO) [1]. Meanwhile, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) evolution, e.g., in channel state information (CSI) enhancement, and also on the study of a larger number of orthogonal demodulation reference signal (DMRS) ports for MU-MIMO, was one of the Release 18 of 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP Rel-18) work item. This release (3GPP Rel-18) package approval, in the fourth quarter of 2021, marked the start of the 5G Advanced evolution in 3GPP. The other items in 3GPP Rel-18 are to study and add functionality in the areas of network energy savings, coverage, mobility support, multicast broadcast services, and positioning
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Pitsili, Eugenia, et al.
(författare)
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A phloem-localized Arabidopsis metacaspase (AtMC3) improves drought tolerance
- 2023
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Ingår i: New Phytologist. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0028-646X .- 1469-8137. ; 239, s. 1281-1299
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Increasing drought phenomena pose a serious threat to agricultural productivity. Although plants have multiple ways to respond to the complexity of drought stress, the underlying mechanisms of stress sensing and signaling remain unclear. The role of the vasculature, in particular the phloem, in facilitating inter-organ communication is critical and poorly understood. Combining genetic, proteomic and physiological approaches, we investigated the role of AtMC3, a phloem-specific member of the metacaspase family, in osmotic stress responses in Arabidopsis thaliana. Analyses of the proteome in plants with altered AtMC3 levels revealed differential abundance of proteins related to osmotic stress pointing into a role of the protein in water-stress-related responses. Overexpression of AtMC3 conferred drought tolerance by enhancing the differentiation of specific vascular tissues and maintaining higher levels of vascular-mediated transportation, while plants lacking the protein showed an impaired response to drought and inability to respond effectively to the hormone abscisic acid. Overall, our data highlight the importance of AtMC3 and vascular plasticity in fine-tuning early drought responses at the whole plant level without affecting growth or yield.
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| 9. |
- Samra, K, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic forms of primary progressive aphasia within the GENetic Frontotemporal dementia Initiative (GENFI) cohort: comparison with sporadic primary progressive aphasia
- 2023
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Ingår i: Brain communications. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2632-1297. ; 5:2, s. fcad036-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Primary progressive aphasia is most commonly a sporadic disorder, but in some cases, it can be genetic. This study aimed to understand the clinical, cognitive and imaging phenotype of the genetic forms of primary progressive aphasia in comparison to the canonical nonfluent, semantic and logopenic subtypes seen in sporadic disease. Participants with genetic primary progressive aphasia were recruited from the international multicentre GENetic Frontotemporal dementia Initiative study and compared with healthy controls as well as a cohort of people with sporadic primary progressive aphasia. Symptoms were assessed using the GENetic Frontotemporal dementia Initiative language, behavioural, neuropsychiatric and motor scales. Participants also underwent a cognitive assessment and 3 T volumetric T1-weighted MRI. One C9orf72 (2%), 1 MAPT (6%) and 17 GRN (44%) symptomatic mutation carriers had a diagnosis of primary progressive aphasia. In the GRN cohort, 47% had a diagnosis of nonfluent variant primary progressive aphasia, and 53% had a primary progressive aphasia syndrome that did not fit diagnostic criteria for any of the three subtypes, called primary progressive aphasia-not otherwise specified here. The phenotype of the genetic nonfluent variant primary progressive aphasia group largely overlapped with that of sporadic nonfluent variant primary progressive aphasia, although the presence of an associated atypical parkinsonian syndrome was characteristic of sporadic and not genetic disease. The primary progressive aphasia -not otherwise specified group however was distinct from the sporadic subtypes with impaired grammar/syntax in the presence of relatively intact articulation, alongside other linguistic deficits. The pattern of atrophy seen on MRI in the genetic nonfluent variant primary progressive aphasia group overlapped with that of the sporadic nonfluent variant primary progressive aphasia cohort, although with more posterior cortical involvement, whilst the primary progressive aphasia-not otherwise specified group was strikingly asymmetrical with involvement particularly of the insula and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex but also atrophy of the orbitofrontal cortex and the medial temporal lobes. Whilst there are overlapping symptoms between genetic and sporadic primary progressive aphasia syndromes, there are also distinct features. Future iterations of the primary progressive aphasia consensus criteria should encompass such information with further research needed to understand the earliest features of these disorders, particularly during the prodromal period of genetic disease.
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| 10. |
- Steele, Julian A., et al.
(författare)
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How to GIWAXS: Grazing Incidence Wide Angle X-Ray Scattering Applied to Metal Halide Perovskite Thin Films
- 2023
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Ingår i: Advanced Energy Materials. - : WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH. - 1614-6832 .- 1614-6840. ; 13:27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The frequency of reports utilizing synchrotron-based grazing incident wide angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS) to study metal halide perovskite thin films has exploded recently, as this technique has proven invaluable for understanding several structure-property relationships that fundamentally limit optoelectronic performance. The GIWAXS geometry and temporal resolution are also inherently compatible with in situ and operando setups (including ISOS protocols), and a relatively large halide perovskite research community has deployed GIWAXS to unravel important kinetic and dynamic features in these materials. Considering its rising popularity, the aim here is to accelerate the required learning curve for new experimentalists by clearly detailing the underlying analytical concepts which can be leveraged to maximize GIWAXS studies of polycrystalline thin films and devices. Motivated by the vast range of measurement conditions offered, together with the wide variety of compositions and structural motifs available (i.e., from single-crystal and polycrystalline systems, to quantum dots and layered superlatices), a comprehensive framework for conducting effective GIWAXS experiments is outlined for different purposes. It is anticipated that providing a clear perspective for this topic will help elevate the quality of future GIWAXS studies-which have become routine-and provide the impetus required to develop novel GIWAXS approaches to resolve unsettled scientific questions.
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