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- Dau, H., et al.
(författare)
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Artificial Photosynthesis : Beyond Mimicking Nature
- 2017
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Ingår i: ChemSusChem. - : Wiley-VCH Verlagsgesellschaft. - 1864-5631 .- 1864-564X. ; 10:22, s. 4228-4235
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this Editorial, Guest Editors Holger Dau, Etsuko Fujita, and Licheng Sun introduce the Special Issue of ChemSusChem on “Artificial Photosynthesis for Sustainable Fuels”. They discuss the need for non-fossil based fuels, introduce both biological and artificial photosynthesis, and outline various important concepts in artificial photosynthesis, including molecular and solid-state catalysts for water oxidation and hydrogen evolution, catalytic CO2 reduction, and photoelectrochemical systems.
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| 2. |
- Linde, Anna-Malin
(författare)
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Rates and patterns of bryophyte molecular evolution
- 2019
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Plants have been growing on land for at least 450 million years. The bryophytes comprising the three phyla liverworts, mosses and hornworts, are considered to be the closest extant relatives to the plants that colonized land. Bryophytes has been described as evolutionary “unchanging sphinxes of the past” regarding both morphological and genetic potential. This suggestion has some support in limited studies of molecular evolution within bryophytes, but has also been questioned based on e.g., studies of species diversification rates. To shed more light on this controversy, the overall aim of this thesis is to investigate rates and patterns of bryophyte molecular evolution.Our data suggest that the per nucleotide mutation rates in bryophytes are lower than those in angiosperms. Likewise, angiosperms are also more dynamic in terms of genome size, structural rearrangements, genome duplications and transposon activity. However, our data show that mutation rates of bryophytes are higher or at least on par with those of gymnosperms. Genome evolution in bryophytes is actually, in many aspects, similar to that of gymnosperms. Gymnosperms and bryophytes are both characterized by a low speciation rate, a low nucleotide mutation rate, low variation in chromosome numbers and relatively stable genome sizes. Studies have also suggested that macrosynteny is better conserved between conifer species compared with angiosperms, just as this study shows for bryophytes.Hybridization and introgression has been suggested to affect speciation and evolution. Recent genomic data shows that hybridization and introgression in angiosperms is more common then previously thought, but the question is less well studied in bryophytes. The present study gave some support to the occurrence of introgression between Marchantia polymorpha subspecies, but refute a previous hypothesis that M. polymorpha subsp. ruderalis is a new stabilized hybrid between M. polymorpha montivagans and polymorpha.An additional aspect of genome evolution and complexity is changes in gene regulatory networks. Gene regulatory networks generally appear more complex in angiosperms compared with bryophytes; also reflected in the circadian clock; with more gene components and more duplicated paralogous members, with possibly overlapping function, allowing a more robust and flexible system. Our studies of the plant circadian clock revealed that orthologs of most genes of the A. thaliana clock were present already in charophycean algae. Although gene numbers and complexity have generally increased during plant circadian clock evolution, our results suggest that gene loss has also been important in shaping the circadian clocks in the three bryophyte groups.
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| 4. |
- Sutter, Matthias, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Social preferences in childhood and adolescence. A large-scale experiment to estimate primary and secondary motivations
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-2681. ; 146, s. 16-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We elicit social preferences of 883 children and teenagers, aged eight to 17 years, in an experiment. Using an econometric mixture model we estimate a subject’s primary and secondary social preference motivations. The secondary motivation indicates the motivation that becomes relevant when the primary motivation implies indifference between various choices. For girls, particularly older ones, maximin-preferences are the most frequent primary motivation, while for boys efficiency concerns are most relevant. Examining secondary motivations reveals that girls are mostly social-welfare-oriented, with strong equity concerns. Boys are also oriented towards social welfare, but are more concerned with efficiency than with equity.
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| 8. |
- Backman, Stina, 1969-
(författare)
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Den sjuke mannen : populärkulturella gestaltningar av manlig ohälsa
- 2005
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den här avhandlingen, som handlar om de populärkulturella bilderna av den sjuke mannen, bygger på mediala formuleringar kring manlig ohälsa och sjukdom, primärt under ett svenskt 1990-tal. Syftet med avhandlingen är att analysera populärkulturella förestiillningar om manlig sjukdom och maskulinitet, det vill säga att fånga relationen mellan manlighet och sjukdom på en medierad arena för att se vilken betydelse ohälsa tillskrivs och vilken funktion den fyller i gestaltningen av maskulinitet. Studien, som tar sin- utgångspunkt i medialt formulerade erfarenheter och föreställningar kring manlig ohälsa och sjukdom, analyserar hur maskulinitetens former upprätthålls, förhandlas och förändras i förhållande till möjligheter och konventioner inom rådande norm. Genom att studera artikulerade sjukdomsföreställningar och gestaltade maskulina ideal i veckotidningar, reklam. sjukdomsbiografier och kriminalromaner. visar studien hur ohälsa i dessa sammanhang både ifrågasätter och förstiäker en konventionell maskulinitet.Undersökningen befinner sig i skärningspunkten mellan en rad olika discipliner. Materialrnässigt rör den sig mellan massmedieforskning och litteraturstudier och metodologiskt hör den hemma i en kulturanalytisk foskningstradition. Delar av studien baseras pa visuell analys. Ämnesmassigt knyter avhandlingen an till modem maskulinitetsforskning med sidoblickar pa bland annat medicinsk sociologi och genusrelaterad medicinhistoria.
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