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  • Bahmani, Sadeq, et al. (author)
  • Inverse design of nanophotonic meta-atoms with desired multipoles
  • 2024
  • In: Nanophotonics X. - : SPIE - The International Society for Optics and Photonics. - 9781510673007 - 9781510673014
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Gradient-based topology optimization via the adjoint method has been successfully used in nanophotonics to uncover shapes with superior performances compared to what would be possible with traditional design methods. Here, we have extended this technique to optimize nanostructures to engineer their induced multipole moments. As an example, we demonstrate the method's application to realize the first Kerker effect in a silicon nanoparticle. The optimization results show a complex shape with highly suppressed backscattering due to the excitation of in-phase electric and magnetic dipoles with the same amplitude. This promising approach can pave the way for the inverse design of photonic structures based on a set of desired multipole moments, which can exhibit a variety of complex photonic phenomena.
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  • Sanchez, Erlan, et al. (author)
  • Association of plasma biomarkers with cognition, cognitive decline, and daily function across and within neurodegenerative diseases: Results from the Ontario Neurodegenerative Disease Research Initiative
  • 2024
  • In: Alzheimer's and Dementia. - 1552-5260 .- 1552-5279. ; 20:3, s. 1753-1770
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • INTRODUCTION: We investigated whether novel plasma biomarkers are associated with cognition, cognitive decline, and functional independence in activities of daily living across and within neurodegenerative diseases. METHODS: Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilament light chain (NfL), phosphorylated tau (p-tau)181 and amyloid beta (Aβ)42/40 were measured using ultra-sensitive Simoa immunoassays in 44 healthy controls and 480 participants diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease/mild cognitive impairment (AD/MCI), Parkinson's disease (PD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD) spectrum disorders, or cerebrovascular disease (CVD). RESULTS: GFAP, NfL, and/or p-tau181 were elevated among all diseases compared to controls, and were broadly associated with worse baseline cognitive performance, greater cognitive decline, and/or lower functional independence. While GFAP, NfL, and p-tau181 were highly predictive across diseases, p-tau181 was more specific to the AD/MCI cohort. Sparse associations were found in the FTD and CVD cohorts and for Aβ42/40. DISCUSSION: GFAP, NfL, and p-tau181 are valuable predictors of cognition and function across common neurodegenerative diseases, and may be useful in specialized clinics and clinical trials.
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