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- Håkansson, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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The spatial extent of agglomeration economies across the wage earnings distribution
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of regional science. - : Wiley. - 0022-4146 .- 1467-9787. ; 59:2, s. 281-301
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigate the spatial extent of agglomeration economies across the wage earnings distribution using economic mass (total employment) in four distance bands around each individual’s establishment in a quantile regression framework. We control for observable and unobservable individual and establishment characteristics. Remaining endogeneity in the model is assessed with a set of instrumental variables. Results indicate a positive effect of economic mass on wage earnings up to 25 km away from the establishment. The spatial extent of agglomeration economies is similar across the wage earnings distribution. However, increases in economic mass shift the wage earnings distribution in a nonsymmetric way.
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- Isacsson, G., et al.
(författare)
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Bibloc and Monobloc Oral appliances in the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep apnoea : a Multicenter, Randomized, Blinded, Parallel-Group Trial
- 2017
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Ingår i: Sleep Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 1389-9457 .- 1878-5506. ; 40:Suppl 1, s. E142-E143
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction: The clinical benefit of bibloc over monobloc appliances has not been established in randomized trials treating obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). We hypothesized that the two types of appliances are equally effective in treating moderate to severe OSA. Materials and methods: We performed a blinded, multicenter, randomized, controlled, prospective, parallel-group trial including patients aged 18 years or older who had moderate-to-severe OSA. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either a bibloc or a monobloc appliance with the intention to protrude the mandible 75% of the individual maximal protrusion capacity. At baseline a one-night respiratory polygraphy was done without any respiratory support. The polygraphy was iterated with the appliance in place at a 6-week follow-up. The primary outcome was the absolute change in the apnoea-hypopnea-index (AHI) from baseline to the 6-week follow-up, analysed in the per-protocol population. All patients who received an appliance were included in the safety analysis. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02148510, and approved by Uppsala Regional Ethical Review Board, Sweden (#2014/021). Results: We recruited patients from three dental specialist clinics in Sweden; enrolment of 302 patients was done between March 2014 and April 2016; 146 randomized to bibloc and 156 to monobloc appliance. Twenty-three patients in the bibloc group and 17 in the monobloc group were withdrawn due to reasons like appliance could not be fitted, lack of compliance, adverse events or non-valid follow-up polygraphy i.e. a per-protocol group of 123 bibloc and 139 monobloc treated patients. The mean change of AHI from baseline to 6 weeks of treatment was -13.8 (95% CI -16.1 to -11.5; p < 0.001) in the bibloc group and -12.5 (95% CI -14.8 to -10.3; p < 0.001) in the monobloc group. The mean difference was not significant between the groups (-1.3 (95% CI -4.5 to 1.9). The most common adverse event in the orofacial region was upper airway infection followed by complains from various parts of the mouth, jaws and teeth. Conclusions: Bibloc and monobloc appliance treatment was equal in their effects in treating OSA as measured by at home polygraphic respiratory measures and the appliances were associated with a similar degree of adverse events. Acknowledgements: Funding from Uppsala-Örebro Regional Research Council and Vastmanland County Council, Sweden.
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- Isacsson, G., et al.
(författare)
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Pain relief following a single-dose intra-articular injection of methylprednisolone in the temporomandibular joint arthralgia-A multicentre randomised controlled trial
- 2019
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Ingår i: J Oral Rehabil. - : Wiley. - 0305-182X .- 1365-2842. ; 46:1, s. 5-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthralgia is a painful condition assumed to be associated with local inflammation. Objective The objective of the present study was to determine the efficacy for reducing pain of a single-dose intra-articular (IA) injection of methylprednisolone to the TMJ. The hypothesis was that methylprednisolone would effectively reduce TMJ pain. Methods This randomised, double-blind, parallel-group, multicentre, controlled study included visits for enrolment, treatment and 4-week follow-up. The study included patients 18 years and older who had been diagnosed with unilateral TMJ arthralgia. All participants were randomly assigned to receive 1 mL IA injections of methylprednisolone or saline. The primary outcome was change in recorded pain intensity on a visual analogue scale (VAS) at maximum jaw opening, analysed in the per protocol population. Results In total, 54 patients were randomly assigned to single-dose IA injections with methylprednisolone (n = 27) or saline (n = 27). Between baseline and the 4-week follow-up, VAS-rated pain intensity at maximum jaw opening decreased from a mean of 61.0 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 50.1; 70.7) to 33.9 (95% CI: 21.6; 46.2) in the methylprednisolone group and from 59.6 (95% CI: 50.7; 65.9) to 33.9 (95% CI: 23.8; 43.9) in the saline group. The between-group difference was not significant (P = 0.812). Treatment-related adverse events were doubled in the methylprednisolone group. Conclusion Methylprednisolone provided no additional benefit for reducing pain, but caused more harm compared with saline following a single-dose IA injection in patients with TMJ arthralgia.
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- Tegelberg, Åke, et al.
(författare)
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Respiratory outcome after one-year treatment of obstructive sleep apnea with bibloc versus monobloc oral appliances : a multicenter, randomized equivalence trial
- 2019
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Ingår i: Sleep Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 1389-9457 .- 1878-5506. ; 64:Suppl. 1, s. S378-S378
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: The benefit of bibloc over monobloc appliances in one-year obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has not been evaluated in randomized trials. We hypothesized that these types of appliances are equally effective.Methods: In this multicenter, randomized equivalence trial patients with OSA were assigned to either bibloc or monobloc appliance treatment. At baseline a one-night home respiratory polygraphy was done without respiratory support, and at one-year follow-up examination iterated with the appliance in place. The outcome was the change in the apnea-hypopnea-index (AHI) and the equivalence limits were set at ±5.Results: Out of 302 patients 146 were randomly assigned to bibloc and 156 to monobloc. In 88 and 104 patients, respectively, were analysed per-protocol with a significant reduction of AHI with a mean change -16.7 (95% CI -19.4 to -14.1) in the bibloc and -11.8 (-14.9 to -8.7) in the monobloc and not significantly equivalent. The proportion of responders defined as AHI < 10 at the follow-up was 68% and 65% for bibloc and monobloc, respectively. Treatment related adverse events were generally mild and transient and occurred similar in frequencies between groups.Conclusions: Bibloc and monobloc appliance treatment gave a significant positive effect in treating OSA. The treatment modalities were not statistically equivalent, with a numerically greater reduction with bibloc, and, were associated with a similar degree of adverse events.
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