| 1. |
- Algesten, Grete, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Seasonal variation of CO2 saturation in the Gulf of Bothnia : Indications of marine net heterotrophy
- 2004
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Ingår i: Global Biogeochemical Cycles. - Washington, D.C : American Geophysical Union (AGU). - 0886-6236 .- 1944-9224. ; 18, s. 4021-4028
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Seasonal variation of pCO2 and primary and bacterioplankton production were measured in the Gulf of Bothnia during an annual cycle. Surface water was supersaturated with CO2 on an annual basis, indicating net heterotrophy and a source of CO2 to the atmosphere. However, the Gulf of Bothnia oscillated between being a sink and a source of CO2 over the studied period, largely decided by temporal variation in bacterial respiration (BR) and primary production (PP) in the water column above the pycnocline. The calculated annual respiration-production balance (BR-PP) was very similar to the estimated CO2 emission from the Gulf of Bothnia, which indicates that these processes were major determinants of the exchange of CO2 between water and atmosphere. The southern basin (the Bothnian Sea) had a lower net release of CO2 to the atmosphere than the northern Bothnian Bay (7.1 and 9.7 mmol C m−2 d−1, respectively), due to higher primary production, which to a larger extent balanced respiration in this basin.
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| 2. |
- Boersma, Katja, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Lowering fear-avoidance and enhancing function through exposure in vivo : a multiple baseline study across six patients with back pain
- 2004
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Ingår i: Pain. - : Elsevier. - 0304-3959 .- 1872-6623. ; 108:1-2, s. 8-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated the effects of an exposure in vivo treatment for chronic pain patients with high levels of fear and avoidance. The fear-avoidance model offers an enticing explanation of why some back pain patients develop persistent disability, stressing the role of catastrophic interpretations; largely fueled by beliefs and expectations that activity will cause injury and will worsen the pain problem. Recently, an exposure in vivo treatment was developed that aims to enhance function by directly addressing these fears and expectations. The purpose of this study was to describe the short-term, consequent effect of an exposure in vivo treatment. The study employed a multiple baseline design with six patients who were selected based on their high levels of fear and avoidance. The results demonstrated clear decreases in rated fear and avoidance beliefs while function increased substantially. These improvements were observed even though rated pain intensity actually decreased somewhat. Thus, the results replicate and extend the findings of previous studies to a new setting, with other therapists and a new research design. These results, together with the initial studies, provide a basis for pursuing and further developing the exposure technique and to test it in group designs with larger samples.
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| 3. |
- Fredin, Ola, 1972-
(författare)
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Mountain centered icefields in northern Scandinavia
- 2004
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Mountain centered glaciers have played a major role throughout the last three million years in the Scandinavian mountains. The climatic extremes, like the present warm interglacial or cold glacial maxima, are very short-lived compared to the periods of intermediate climate conditions, characterized by the persistence of mountain based glaciers and ice fields of regional size. These have persisted in the Scandinavian mountains for about 65% of the Quaternary. Mountain based glaciers thus had a profound impact on large-scale geomorphology, which is manifested in large-scale glacial landforms such as fjords, glacial lakes and U-shaped valleys in and close to the mountain range.Through a mapping of glacial landforms in the northern Scandinavian mountain range, in particular a striking set of lateral moraines, this thesis offers new insights into Weichselian stages predating the last glacial maximum. The aerial photograph mapping and field evidence yield evidence that these lateral moraines were overridden by glacier ice subsequent to their formation. The lateral moraines were dated using terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide techniques. Although the terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide signature of the moraines is inconclusive, an early Weichselian age is tentatively suggested through correlations with other landforms and stratigraphical archives in the region. The abundance and coherent spatial pattern of the lateral moraines also allow a spatial reconstruction of this ice field. The ice field was controlled by topography and had nunataks protruding also where it was thickest close to the elevation axis of the Scandinavian mountain range. Outlet glaciers discharged into the Norwegian fjords and major valleys in Sweden.The process by which mountain based glaciers grow into an ice sheet is a matter of debate. In this thesis, a feedback mechanism between debris on the ice surface and ice sheet growth is presented. In essence, the growth of glaciers and ice sheets may be accelerated by an abundance of debris in their ablation areas. This may occur when the debris cover on the glacier surface inhibits ablation, effectively increasing the glaciers mass balance. It is thus possible that a dirty ablation area may cause the glacier to advance further than a clean glacier under similar conditions. An ice free period of significant length allows soil production through weathering, frost shattering, and slope processes. As glaciers advance through this assemblage of sediments, significant amounts of debris end up on the surface due to both mass wastage and subglacial entrainment. Evidence that this chain of events may occur, is given by large expanses of hummocky moraine (local name Veiki moraine) in the northern Swedish lowlands. Because the Veiki moraine has been correlated with the first Weichselian advance following the Eemian, it implies a heavily debris charged ice sheet emanating from the mountain range and terminating in a stagnant fashion in the lowlands.
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| 4. |
- Hultdin, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Elevated plasma homocysteine : cause or consequence of myocardial infarction?
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 256:6, s. 491-498
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To determine whether a first myocardial infarction leads to increased plasma homocysteine concentrations and whether the association between homocysteine and myocardial infarction was greater at follow-up compared with baseline. DESIGN: A population-based, prospective, nested case-referent study. SETTING: Screening took place at the nearest health survey centre in northern Sweden. SUBJECTS: Of more than 36,000 persons screened, 78 developed a first myocardial infarction (average 18 months after sampling). Fifty of these had participated in a follow-up health survey (average 8(1/2) years between surveys) and were sex- and age-matched with 56 referents. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparison of plasma homocysteine levels in case and referent subjects before and after development of a first myocardial infarction. RESULTS: No statistically significant difference was found between cases and referents regarding homocysteine at baseline or follow-up. Plasma homocysteine and plasma creatinine increased significantly, and plasma albumin decreased significantly over time. Conditional univariate logistic regression indicated that high homocysteine at follow-up but not baseline was associated with first myocardial infarction (OR 2.49; 95% CI: 1.03-6.02), but the relation disappeared in multivariate analyses including plasma creatinine and plasma albumin. High plasma creatinine remained associated with first myocardial infarction at both baseline (OR 2.94; 95% CI: 1.05-8.21) and follow-up (OR 3.38; 95% CI: 1.21-9.48). CONCLUSION: In this study, first myocardial infarction did not cause increased plasma homocysteine concentration.
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| 5. |
- Jansson, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Model based control and optimization in pulpindustry
- 2004
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Ingår i: Proceedings of SIMS 2004. - 8774753169 ; , s. 103-110
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we present a combination of the usage of a model for the whole mill on-line simulation and more advanced models for specific process sections for control systems and online diagnostics. Different solution methods are described together with where the different approaches are best suited.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Jansson, Johan
(författare)
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The Formation of Hidden Information : The Geography of the Swedish Internet Industry
- 2004
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Konferensbidrag (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Taking off from the burst of the Internet bubble and the ideas of the new technology as a space shrinking development this paper deals with the Internet industry in Stockholm, Sweden, and the question of agglomeration of economic of activities. Through a theoretical framework of localized and tacit knowledge, this paper discusses the importance of proximity, especially in the sense of knowledge transmission. The paper is structured in three main sections. First, a discussion of the benefits of being located in an agglomeration of firms is introduced, and connected to this some important ideas coming out of the literature on localized learning and tacit knowledge are being reviewed. Second, to give a short introduction to the Swedish Internet industry and the agglomeration of Internet firms in Stockholm. Finally, the paper will analyse empirical findings from a interview survey in the Stockholm Internet agglomeration from such a theoretical framework. The empirical findings suggests that firms within the Internet industry are located in close proximity to each other because of the importance of dense informal interpersonal networks, that facilitate the search for both new customers and collaborators. The findings also stress the importance of proximity in creating these dense networks.
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| 8. |
- Power, Dominic, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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The emergence of a post-industrial music economy? : Music and ICT synergies in Stockholm, Sweden.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Geoforum. - Oxford : Pergamon. - 0016-7185 .- 1872-9398. ; 35:4, s. 425-439
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research into the music industry has for a long time been almost exclusively dominated by a focus on the production of albums and songs. In recent years, however, cities such as Stockholm have seen the growth of a profitable and varied music services industry producing everything from remixes to music marketing strategies. Standing at the forefront of this growth industry are a large number of firms attempting to combine in innovative ways music and ICT. This can take a variety of forms, for instance: selling and distributing music over the internet; web design and computerised advertising services tailored to music products; software design focused on multimedia products and virtual instruments; high-tech post-production and mixing services; and virtual centres and communities of music industry actors. The article will examine these activities within the city in attempt to measure the direction and cohesiveness of the emerging sector. The article concludes by arguing that these type of new industrial synergies tell us much about the way industrial innovations are formed in an inter-industry and inter-cluster environment, and the future competitiveness and shape of the music industry. In particular, the article argues that evidence from Stockholm points to the emergence of a post-industrial musical economy.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Woldegiorgis, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Nanowires for surface enlargement of narrow-bore fused-silica tubing
- 2004
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Ingår i: Electrophoresis. - : Wiley. - 0173-0835 .- 1522-2683. ; 25:21-22, s. 3660-3668
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A method for preparation of silica nanowires with dimensions of d = 10-100 nm, 5-500 nm, is described. The nanostructured material is an integral part of the inner surface of narrow bore fused-silica capillary tubing. The wire preparation method is based on a decomposition of 2-chloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethyl methyl ether at elevated temperature and pressure. The silica bulk material is rearranged via a sustained silica-hydrogen fluoride chemistry, and reaction mechanisms for this process are proposed. The method is suitable for preparing long lengths of tubing with the modified surface. It is our belief that the texture of the capillary wall with its increased surface area is useful for applications such as microreactions, catalysis, and high-resolution pressure and/or electrodriven open-tubular liquid chromatography.
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