| 1. |
- Aspegren, Anders, et al.
(författare)
-
Novel non-coding RNAs in Dictyostelium discoideum and their expression during development
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Nucleic Acids Research. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0305-1048 .- 1362-4962. ; 32:15, s. 4646-4656
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The quest for non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the last few years has revealed a surprisingly large number of small RNAs belonging to previously known as well as entirely novel classes. Computational and experimental approaches have uncovered new ncRNAs in all kingdoms of life. In this work, we used a shotgun cloning approach to construct full-length cDNA libraries of small RNAs from the eukaryotic model organism Dictyostelium discoideum. Interestingly, two entirely novel classes of RNAs were identified of which one is developmentally regulated. The RNAs within each class share conserved 5'- and 3'-termini that can potentially form stem structures. RNAs of both classes show predominantly cytoplasmic localization. In addition, based on conserved structure and/or sequence motifs, several of the identified ncRNAs could be divided into classes known from other organisms, e.g. 18 small nucleolar RNA candidates (17 box C/D, of which a few are developmentally regulated, and one box H/ACA). Two ncRNAs showed a high degree of similarity to the small nuclear U2 RNA and signal recognition particle RNA (SRP RNA), respectively. Furthermore, the majority of the regions upstream of the sequences encoding the isolated RNAs share conserved motifs that may constitute new promoter elements.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Lannergård, Anders, et al.
(författare)
-
The time course of body temperature, serum amyloid A protein, C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 in patients with bacterial infection during the initial 3 days of antibiotic therapy
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5548 .- 1651-1980. ; 41:9, s. 663-671
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The accuracy of using body temperature, serum amyloid A (SAA), C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the work-up for early or late step-down therapy after an initial course of intravenous cefuroxime was investigated. Eighty-one hospitalized patients with an initial course of cefuroxime were retrospectively classified with one of the following diagnoses: bacterial infection without known focus, pneumonia, bronchitis, pyelonephritis, skin and soft-tissue infections or fever of other origin. The majority of the patients had sepsis (91% or 74/81) of whom 6 patients had severe sepsis. The inter-individual variability of body temperature, SAA, CRP and IL-6 was considerable. The time course of SAA and CRP during the first 24 h in patients with sepsis with a short duration of illness but without septic shock showed increasing levels during the initial course of intravenous therapy. In contrast, body temperature and IL-6 decreased, regardless of illness duration. Beyond 24 h, all 4 biomarkers declined, again regardless of the duration of illness. After the initial course of cefuroxime, biomarkers were non-distinguishing in terms of guidance in the judgement of early or late step-down therapy. Further studies are proposed for biomarker guidance antibiotic therapy in sepsis patients without septic shock.
|
|
| 5. |
- Viberg, Anders, et al.
(författare)
-
A population pharmacokinetic model for cefuroxime using cystatin C as a marker of renal function
- 2006
-
Ingår i: British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. - : Wiley. - 0306-5251 .- 1365-2125. ; 62:3, s. 297-303
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: Since cefuroxime mainly is excreted by renal filtration, dosing is currently based on serum creatinine (Scr) or creatinine clearance (CLcr). However, it has been suggested that cystatin C (CysC) is superior to Scr as a marker of renal function. The aim of this prospective study was to develop a population model that describes the pharmacokinetics of cefuroxime and to investigate the usefulness of CysC as a covariate of the model parameters. Methods: Ninety-seven patients were studied (CLcr range 6.5-115 ml min(-1)). Blood samples (n = 407) for the determination of cefuroxime were withdrawn according to a sparse data sampling schedule and analysed by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. The population analysis was performed in NONMEM. Results: A two-compartment model described the data well. The biomarkers Scr, CLcr and CysC were evaluated as covariates on clearance (CL). The model that included CysC generated the best fit. In the final population model CL was a function of CysC and body weight, whereas V-1 was only a function of body weight. Final parameter estimates (relative standard errors) were 6.00 (3.2%) l h(-1), 11.4 (5.3%) l and 5.11 (11%) l for CL, V-1 and V-2, respectively. Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, and because CysC is practical to use in the clinic, it is suggested that individual dosing of cefuroxime may be based on CysC rather than on Scr or CLcr. Furthermore, our final population model may be useful as a tool when designing new dosing schedules for cefuroxime.
|
|
| 6. |
- Westerdahl, Christina, et al.
(författare)
-
Re-evaluation of the fludrocortisone test: duration, NaCl supplementation and cut-off limits for aldosterone
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Investigation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-7686 .- 0036-5513. ; 69:2, s. 234-241
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common form of secondary hypertension. Thus, the aims of this study were: (1) to clarify whether the fludrocortisone suppression test (FST), which confirms autonomous aldosterone secretion, is reliable when carried out during a shorter period of time and (2) to confirm the importance of NaCl supplementation. The cut-off limits already obtained for aldosterone in healthy subjects during the FST were applied in hypertensive patients with a high aldosterone to renin ratio (ARR). Material and methods. The healthy subjects were allocated to three groups. Fludrocortisone was administered 4 times daily over 4 days and sodium chloride was supplemented in 3 different doses. The result was applied in 24 hypertensive patients, in 24 healthy subjects (10 women (23-38 years old) and 14 men (23-58 years old)) and in 24 patients with hypertension and high ARR (16 women (45-74 years old) and 8 men (56-73 years old)). Blood pressure, aldosterone, renin, potassium and sodium were measured. Results. After three days of FST, there was a significant decrease in the serum level of aldosterone in the healthy subjects, regardless of high or low sodium chloride supplementation (p0.001). The decrease in serum aldosterone was significantly less pronounced in patients with PA than in healthy subjects and hypertensive patients without PA (p0.001). The 95th percentile of plasma aldosterone at the end of the test was 225 pmol/L. Conclusions. The FST can be shortened to 3 days and a daily 500 mg NaCl supplementation is sufficient. A cut-off value for aldosterone of 225 pmol/L after 4 days with FST is appropriate.
|
|
| 7. |
- Andersson, Patrik, 1974, et al.
(författare)
-
Framtidsbilder för samhällsbyggnad
- 2006
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Framtidsbilder för samhällsbyggnad 2020De kommande 15 åren står institutionen för Bygg- och miljöteknik inför stora förändringar. Därför har institutionen initierat projektet Framtidsbilder 2020 där man engagerat en framtidspanel bestående av elva yngre disputerade forskare. Arbetet inleddes med ett breddgruppsmöte där 110 personer representerande institutionens personal och studenter deltog. Vid mötet identifierades ett antal trender och osäkra utvecklingar som påverkar framtiden inom samhällsbyggnadsområdet. Deltagarna bidrog också med idéer till en önskvärd utveckling, vilket har sammanställts och utgör grunden till en gemensam önskvärd framtid/vision för institutionen. Materialet från breddgruppsmötet har bearbetats av Framtidspanelen och resulterat i fyra scenarier som beskriver hur samhällsbyggnadsområdet kan se ut år 2020. Syftet med framtidsbilderna är att de ska vara vägledande för institutionens beslut och förhållningssätt under de kommande åren.Fyra scenarierTurning TorsoSamhället präglas av en ekonomi som är på uppgång, och av ett nytänkande och öppet samhälle. Materiell status och individualism är viktigt. Detta leder till en hög arbetsbelastning samt krav på exklusiva varor av hög kvali-tet. Det finns en stor medvetenhet om miljöpåverkan och klimatförändringar och lösningarna för att klara energiförsörjningen är innovativa.Eco-metropolenDet sveper en grön våg genom dagens samhälle. Under de senaste 15 åren har vi insett att jorden skall vara en bebolig plats även åt dem som kommer efter oss. Vi söker ständigt efter nya, mer förfinade metoder att tillvarata de resurser vi har. Samhället och individen är i balans. Ekonomin är god och vi är miljömedvetna, trygga och integrerade. Nytänkande premieras och icke- materialistiska värderingar står högt i kurs. Vi tänker individuellt, men agerar mer än gärna för kollektivets bästa. Utbildning är gratis TrädgårdsstadenEtt samhälle där vi lärt oss hantera stress, men känner oss otrygga och helst umgås i slutna sociala sammanhang. Vi bor enkelt inne i stan, eller gärna på landsbygden nära storstäderna. Minskade behov av högutbildade i samhället gör att vi har svårt att rekrytera studenter till teknikutbildningar. Det traditionella tankesättet leder till kulturkrockar med företag och personer från andra länder.Gated communitiesFörsämrad ekonomi och ökad egoism har lett fram till ett stressat, otryggt och segregerat samhälle. Accelererande klimatförändringar och ökad miljö-påverkan skrämmer oss, men trots det åtgärdar vi inte problemen, utan koncentrerar oss på konsekvenserna. Arbetslöshet i samhällsbyggnadssek-torn leder till sänkt status för samhällsbyggaren. Vi har därför svårt att rekrytera studenter, och även forskningen har låg status.
|
|
| 8. |
- Basu, Samar, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of melagatran, a novel direct thrombin inhibitor, during experimental septic shock
- 2000
-
Ingår i: Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs. - : Informa Healthcare. - 1354-3784 .- 1744-7658. ; 9:5, s. 1129-1137
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sepsis and endotoxaemia initiate the generation of thrombin, which is responsible for the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin, platelet aggregation and acts as an inflammatory mediator affecting numerous types of cells, including myocardial, smooth muscle and endothelial cells. Human Gram-negative septic shock, frequently seen in intensive care units, is a condition with high mortality. This condition can be replicated in the endotoxaemic pig. As many of the toxic effects of sepsis are due to thrombin generation, it was of interest to study, using this porcine experimental septic shock model, whether inhibition of thrombin could alleviate the effects of endotoxaemia. For this purpose melagatran, a direct synthetic thrombin inhibitor with a molecular weight of 429 Da, was employed. Melagatran does not significantly interact with any other enzymes in the coagulation cascade or fibrinolytic enzymes aside from thrombin. Furthermore, melagatran does not require endogenous co-factors such as antithrombin or heparin co-Factor II for its antithrombin effect, which is important, as these inhibitors are often consumed in septic patients. We have shown that melagatran exerts a beneficial effect on renal function, as evaluated by plasma creatinine and urinary output, during experimental septic shock. These effects were most pronounced during the later phase of the experimental period, after the infusion of melagatran had been discontinued. Prevention of intrarenal coagulation may be attributable to this finding. In addition, melagatran had beneficial effects on systemic haemodynamics (left ventricular stroke work index, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and systemic vascular resistance index) in endotoxaemic pigs. This result may be explained by the ability of melagatran to inhibit thrombin, thereby counteracting thrombin's cellular effects. Thus, it can be seen, using this experimental model of septic shock, that melagatran may help to alleviate some of the damaging effects of endotoxaemia, although more research is required to test this further.
|
|
| 9. |
- Basu, Samar, et al.
(författare)
-
Propofol (Diprivan-EDTA) counteracts oxidative injury and deterioration of the arterial oxygen tension during experimental septic shock
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Resuscitation. - 0300-9572 .- 1873-1570. ; 50:3, s. 341-348
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Human septic shock can be replicated in the endotoxaemic pig. Endotoxaemia causes a multitude of events, including reduced PaO(2) and increased lipid peroxidation. This study was designed to evaluate the possible effects of a commonly used anaesthetic drug with known antioxidant properties (propofol) during porcine endotoxaemia.METHODS: Ten pigs were anaesthetised and given a 6 h E. coli endotoxin infusion. The animals received, randomly, a supplementary continuous infusion of propofol emulsion (containing 0.005% EDTA) or the corresponding volume of vehicle (controls). Pathophysiologic responses were determined. Non-enzymatic (by measuring plasma 8-iso-PGF(2 alpha) and enzymatic (by measuring plasma 15-keto-dihydro-PGF(2 alpha)) lipid peroxidations were evaluated. Plasma levels of the endogenous antioxidants alpha- and gamma-tocopherols, were also analysed.RESULTS: Endotoxaemia increased plasma levels of 8-iso-PGF(2 alpha) (1st-4th h) and 15-keto-dihydro-PGF(2 alpha) (1st-4th h) significantly more in controls than in the propofol+endotoxin group. PaO(2) was significantly less affected by endotoxin in the propofol treated animals (2nd-4th h). Mean arterial pressure (4th-6th h) and systemic vascular resistance (6th h) were reduced significantly more by endotoxin among the propofol-treated animals. Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) increased in all animals, significantly more in the propofol+endotoxin group (1/2-6th h) than in the control group.CONCLUSIONS: Propofol reduced endotoxin-induced free radical mediated and cyclooxygenase catalysed lipid peroxidation significantly. The implication is that propofol counteracts endotoxin-induced deterioration of PaO(2).
|
|
| 10. |
- Brandt, S. Anders, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
-
Kartografiska Sällskapets utbildningssektion : ett nytt tillskott i KS-familjen
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Kart- & bildteknik. - Gävle : Kartografiska sällskapet. - 1651-792X. ; 21:2, s. 10-11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- På Kartografiska Sällskapets årsmöte i Jönköping den 21 mars beslutades att inrätta en ny sektion inom sällskapet – en utbildningssektion. Denna artikel beskriver bakgrunden till sektionen och dess verksamhetsidé. Utbildningssektionens embryo tillkom för tre år sedan efter förslag från ULI som delegerade uppgiften till Geomatikprogrammet vid Högskolan i Gävle. Tanken vara att skapa ett forum för lärare inom geomatikområdet. Både för att sammanföra lärare från olika lärosäten, för att öka förståelsen för varandras arbeten, och för att kunna förbättra möjligheterna till samarbete.
|
|
