| 1. |
- Adlerberth, Ingegerd, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Intestinal colonization with Enterobacteriaceae in Pakistani and Swedish hospital-delivered infants.
- 1991
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Ingår i: Acta paediatrica Scandinavica. - 0001-656X. ; 80:6-7, s. 602-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rectal cultures from Swedish and Pakistani hospital-delivered newborn infants were analysed regarding the early acquisition of enterobacteria. Swedish infants were delivered vaginally, Pakistani infants were delivered either vaginally or by caesarean section. The Swedish infants were all breast-fed, whereas breastfeeding was incomplete and often started late among the Pakistani infants. Both groups of Pakistani infants were more rapidly colonized with enterobacteria than were the Swedish infants. Cultures from Swedish infants seldom yielded more than one kind of enterobacteria; E. coli and Klebsiella were most frequently isolated. E. coli dominated in both Pakistani groups, but especially caesarean section delivered infants were in addition often colonized with Proteus, Klebsiella, Enterobacter or Citrobacter species. Breastfeeding from the first day of life reduced colonization with Klebsiella/Enterobacter/Citrobacter. The results suggest that environmental exposure, delivery mode and early feeding habits all influence the early intestinal colonization with enterobacteria.
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| 2. |
- Blohm, M, et al.
(författare)
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Reaction to a media campaign focusing on delay in acute myocardial infarction
- 1991
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Ingår i: Heart & Lung. - : Elsevier. - 0147-9563 .- 1527-3288. ; 20:6, s. 661-666
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A media campaign conducted to reduce delay time and to increase the use of ambulance transport in acute myocardial infarction was performed in an urban area with about half a million inhabitants during 1 year. The main message was that chest pain lasting more than 15 minutes might indicate acute myocardial infarction; dial 90,000 immediately for ambulance transport to the hospital. The target population was the general public. After 6 and 12 months 400 and 610 randomly chosen persons, respectively, were contacted by telephone to evaluate the reaction of the general public to the campaign. Of these, 60% and 71%, respectively, had heard of the campaign, and all parts of the message were spontaneously remembered by 15% and 19%, respectively. The reaction to the campaign was generally positive. Among all patients admitted to the coronary care unit of one of the two city hospitals, 65% were aware of the campaign and 31% of them were of the opinion that they came to the hospital faster because of the campaign. In conclusion, a media campaign aimed at reducing patient delay time in acute myocardial infarction was shown to reach a majority of people in the community and patients with ischemic heart disease. The reaction was positive and about one fifth of interviewed people spontaneously remembered the total message.
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| 3. |
- Larsson, Gerry, et al.
(författare)
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A Stress Reduction Program Led by Health Care Personnel : Effects on health and well-being
- 1991
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Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 1:2, s. 90-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to evaluate a stress control program which can be led by nurses. The program consisted of 10 three hour sessions conducted weekly. The meetings were devoted to theoretical lectures, discussions about personal stress experiences, and relaxation training. Participants read written material and practiced relaxation between sessions. Subjects in an intervention group showed significant changes in the following variables: fewer perceived daily hassles; more positive self-esteem; improved problem-focused coping capacity; improved eating and exercise habits; fewer self-reported psychological symptoms; improved subjective health status and well-being; lowered level of diastolic blood pressure; reduced waist-hip ratio; and an increase in actions taken against stressors. The results were discussed as promising but it was noted that the program seemed to attract a select group; women with academic training.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Larsson, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Factors determining the uptake of persistent pollutants in an eel population (Anguilla anguilla L.) of a eutrophic lake
- 1991
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Ingår i: Environmental Pollution. - 0269-7491 .- 1873-6424. ; 69:1, s. 39-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The distribution of persistent pollutants in an eel population from a eutrophic lake of southern Scandinavia was examined. The origin of PCBs, DDT, DDE and lindane found in the fish was most likely the atmosphere. The most important factors for uptake of the chlorinated hydrocarbons was age (exposure time), growth rate and fat content. The life cycle of the eel is unique with a stage in freshwater when energy reserves (fat stored in muscular tissue) and lipophilic pollutants are accumulated. This stage is followed by a long migration to the spawning areas in the Sargasso Sea when pollutants are released from the fat deposits. These two stages followed by a once-in-a-lifetime spawning behaviour, makes the eel especially vulnerable to persistent pollutants. The effects of persistent pollutants combined with the eel's unusual life cycle may explain the decline in the eel population in northern Europe in recent decades.
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| 6. |
- Ljunghall, S., et al.
(författare)
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Disturbance of basal and stimulated serum levels of intact parathyroid hormone in primary hyperparathyroidism
- 1991
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Ingår i: Surgery. - 0039-6060 .- 1532-7361. ; 110:1, s. 47-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, measurements were made of basal and stimulated levels of intact parathyroid hormone (PTH). The basal PTH values were elevated in all but six of 89 patients and provided clear separation towards normal individuals (n = 75) and patients with hypercalcemia of other origin (n = 34). The PTH value correlated with the serum calcium concentration in hyperparathyroidism and with the weight of excised parathyroid adenomas but not with that of chief cell hyperplasias. A constant ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid infusion during 60 minutes of induced essentially linear reductions of plasma-ionized calcium concentrations, averaging 0.02 mmol/L/10 minutes, which were associated with swift, curvilinear, elevations of PTH levels that reached a plateau after 10 to 20 minutes. The increment in serum PTH level correlated with the basal PTH value both in patients with hyperparathyroidism and controls. However, in proportion to the much greater glandular mass in the patients with hyperparathyroidism, the secretion of PTH was relatively reduced. The findings support the value of the intact PTH assay in the differential diagnosis of hypercalcemia and show that PTH secretion in vivo is extremely sensitive to hypocalcemic stimulation, that the pathological parathyroid tissue in hyperparathyroidism is characterized by a reduction of hormone release per unit weight, and that the hormone secretion in hyperparathyroidism operates closer to its maximal capacity than under normal circumstances.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Ålund, M., et al.
(författare)
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Dynamic posturography in cervical vertigo
- 1991
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 111:s481, s. 601-602
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cervical vertigo, the entity of neck disorder and associated vestibular symptoms, was investigated in 15 suspected subjects and results were compared with 15 age-matched controls. A modified dynamic posturography investigation with different head positions was used. Head position was recorded 3-dimensionally with electrogoniometry. Differences on a sway-referenced forceplate were found.
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