| 1. |
- Mattsson, Jan-Eric, 1949-, et al.
(författare)
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Surrealistic Perspectives Useful in Science Education.
- 2018
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Ingår i: New perspectives in science education. - : Libreriauniversitaria.it. - 8862929765
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper was induced by the observation of how children, about 6 years old, at the Magritte Museum in Brussels were introduced to the idea that the depiction of an object always differ from the object itself. They looked at a painting and discussed how facial expressions in general only partly reveal the character of a person. It clearly demonstrated how the children understood that no matter how naturalistically we depict an object, we never do catch the item itself. The picture helped them with assistance of a supervisor to create this view.Many students are trained in trying to understand what the teacher wants to hear rather than to understand the principles of the theories taught. In science, and most other subjects in school, this results in a knowledge concept based on the quality in the reproduction of texts, formulas, or drawings and the use of important words for concepts in relation to the original presentations. Instead, teaching should result in useful skills based on the understanding of the theories taught.Methods used in presentations of art work at galleries and museums could also be used when science is taught and learned at science museums and in the classrooms. The discrepancy between the representation and reality open up new fields of interpretations which can be used by the teacher to create curiosity. Whatever is demonstrated for students they should be induced to discuss how this should be interpreted and to construct the reality behind instead of trying to remember the representation itself.As the creation of understanding appears in the mind of the student the teacher has to create situations stimulating the wish to understand the reality behind the object instead of the wish to reproduce the mind of the teacher. Here we give some examples of how this method could be used in science education but also how it can be used when assessing the results of teaching.
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| 2. |
- Mutvei, Ann, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Development of observation skills in science education for enhanced understanding
- 2018
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Ingår i: Electronic Proceedings of the ESERA 2017 Conference. - Dublin, Ireland : Dublin City University. - 9781873769843 ; , s. 2086-2094
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Observation is a skill necessary for the development of knowledge in science and is used,e.g., in studies to notice patterns and connections between abiotic and biotic factors, or inlaboratory experiments where detailed observations are necessary to achieve understanding.Observation does not only include viewing details but also hearing, smelling and tasting toget all available information from the senses. How students perceive the information dependson their previous personal experiences. It is therefore essential for students to practice theability to observe and to understand the contextual importance for learning. Here we presenta study where 55 pre-service preschool teacher students attended a science course for 10weeks with a variety of exercises. Late in the course they visited a Natural History Museum, agreenhouse with plants adapted to Mediterranean climate conditions and an art museum.Evaluation of written reflections after the visits were done by using the quality marker 4R’sof Doll’s (Relations, Recursion, Richness and Rigor) for the Natural History Museum and thegreenhouse and Roland Barthes concepts studium and punctum for the art museum. Ourresults showed that the students described their experiences from the visits in a personal waywith high quality. The variation of activities was important for the students’ ability to observeand to understand how to design pedagogic activities for children in preschool.
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| 3. |
- Mutvei, Ann, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Professional Experience of Teacher Students Enhances their Understanding of Evolutionary Concepts
- 2018
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Ingår i: New perspectives in science education. - : Libreriauniversitaria.it.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- During more than ten years we have been educating preservice preschool teacher students with early childhood education and at least three years of working experience from preschool. The studies give the students possibilities to use and connect their practical knowledge with theoretical studies in order to become preschool teachers. Large parts are self-studies, individually or in groups, using textbooks, films and other web-based material while they are working in preschool and only have lectures and exercises one day each week at the university campus. On the third semester, a 10 weeks course in science and technology is included. During this they write four reflections about exercises, lectures and theories from campus including how they shall use their knowledge at work. Here the fourth reflection about evolutionary theories is analysed. Instead of lectures or exercises about evolution textbooks, educational films and articles from newspapers were included to be used for reflections, and also gave comments on their student peers. These students showed a high level of professional experience but they were not aware of how to use their experience to understand patterns and phenomena in nature. The written reflections were assessed by using the quality markers 4R´s of Doll’s (Relations, Recursion, Richness and Rigor). The assessment was focused on use of evolutionary theories and if they gave comments on their experience working with children. The results show that many students used the theories correctly. Many also related to important issues that should be brought up in preschool. In general, the students used their previous experiences in order to construct their own, reasonable, views of the theory of evolution.
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