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- Bjarnegård, Elin, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Disentangling gender, peace and democratization : the negative effects of militarized masculinity
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Gender Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0958-9236 .- 1465-3869. ; 20:2, s. 139-154
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article investigates, both theoretically and empirically, the relationships between democratization, gender equality and peace. We argue that there is a need to scrutinize both the level of democracy as well as the level of masculine hegemony in societies. Methodologically, we use a combination of quantitative and qualitative analyses to support our argument. We employ regression analysis to show that the relationship between the extent of democracy and the representation of women in politics appears, at first glance, to be non-existent but turns out to be a curvi-linear one. We also show that democracy can facilitate peace, but only in interaction with the level of political gender equality, so that more democratic societies are more peaceful only if there have been moves to gender equality. Our interpretation of these findings is illustrated by the contemporary politics of Thailand. Recent political violence in southern Thailand can be accounted for in the context of it being only partly democratized, where a culture of militarized masculinity persists alongside with, and even within, democratic institutions. Such a culture makes it both difficult for women to enter the political sphere, despite democratic elections, and fosters political violence.
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| 3. |
- Melander, Erik, 1969-
(författare)
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Civil War
- 2014
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Ingår i: The Encyclopedia of Political Thought. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 9781405191296
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Civil war is armed fighting between the government of a state and one or more opposition groups concerning the government and/or territory of the state. Civil wars are distinct from interstate wars, that is, wars between two or more states. The criterion that the government of a state is one of the warring sides is necessary to distinguish civil war from other forms of organized violence within states, occurring between nonstate actors. In practice, the government side may be very weak and lack control outside the capital, and which side constitutes the government may shift during the conflict. Civil wars are political conflicts about central elements of the state, which is why the definition requires that there is a clear issue of contention, or incompatibility, concerning the government, that is, the type of political system, the replacement of the government, or the change of its composition; or over territory, that is, the constitutional status of a specified territory within the state (secession or autonomy). That armed fighting is part of the definition of civil war ensures that civil war is different from one-sided killings of civilians, such as genocides. For political strife to qualify as civil war the level of fighting must be substantial.
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| 7. |
- Sundberg, Ralph, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Introducing the UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Peace Research. - London : Sage Publications. - 0022-3433 .- 1460-3578. ; 50:4, s. 523-532
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents the UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset (UCDP GED). The UCDP GED is an event dataset that disaggregates three types of organized violence (state-based conflict, non-state conflict, and one-sided violence) both spatially and temporally. Each event – defined as an instance of organized violence with at least one fatality – comes with date, geographical location, and identifiers that allow the dataset to be linked to and merged with other UCDP datasets. The first version of the dataset covers events of fatal violence on the African continent between 1989 and 2010. This article, firstly, introduces the rationale for the new dataset, and explains the basic coding procedures as well as the quality controls. Secondly, we discuss some of the data’s potential weaknesses in representing the universe of organized violence, as well as some potential biases induced by the operationalizations. Thirdly, we provide an example of how the data can be used, by illustrating the association between cities and organized violence, taking population density into account. The UCDP GED is a useful resource for conflict analyses below the state and country-year levels, and can provide us with new insights into the geographical determinants and temporal sequencing of warfare and violence.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Tønnesson, Stein, et al.
(författare)
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The fragile peace in East and South East Asia
- 2013
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Ingår i: SIPRI yearbook. - Oxford : Oxford University Press. - 9780199678433 ; , s. 28-40
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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