| 1. |
- Bjarnegård, Elin, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Armed Violence and Patriarchal Values : A Survey of Young Men in Thailand and Their Military Experiences
- 2023
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Ingår i: American Political Science Review. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0003-0554 .- 1537-5943. ; 117:2, s. 439-453
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- What is the relationship between armed violence and patriarchal values? This question is addressed with the help of a survey of young men in the conflict-affected southern provinces of Thailand. In Study 1 we find that men with more patriarchal values are more prone to volunteer for paramilitary service. Study 2 uses a natural experiment made possible by the conscription lottery in Thailand to compare survey responses of men who were involuntarily enlisted to do Military Conscription Service (treatment group) with the responses of men who participated in the lottery but were not enlisted (control group). We find no difference between the treatment and control groups in patriarchal values. We conclude that patriarchal values drive voluntary participation in armed conflict, whereas military service as a conscript in a conflict zone does not cause patriarchal values.
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| 2. |
- Bjarnegård, Elin, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Violent Boyhoods, Masculine Honor Ideology, and Political Violence : Survey Findings From Thailand
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Interpersonal Violence. - : Sage Publications. - 0886-2605 .- 1552-6518. ; 36:15-16, s. 7136-7160
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Throughout history, those who have participated in political violence have predominantly been male young adults. At the same time, we know that most young men will not use violence for political protest. So what distinguishes those who do from those who do not? In this article, we link psychological research on the intergenerational effects of violence in the family to violence in the political arena. We ask to what extent experiences of violence as a child are associated with participation in political violence as an adult. Our overarching argument is that family-of-origin violence may not only have serious negative, intergenerational effects on health and well-being but also on future spirals of violence for the individual. Family-of-origin violence may also lead to an increased risk of using violence for political purposes due to the diffusion of violence norms, whereby violence is seen as a just and appropriate response to conflict. We test this claim using micro-level data from the Survey on Gender, Politics, and Violence in Thailand, conducted in 2012-2013. For our analyses, we zoom in on men from a specific cluster sample of the survey: 200 political activist interviewees—100 Red Shirts and 100 Yellow Shirts. The results support our claim. We find that experiences of family violence as a child increase the risk of participating in political violence as an adult among male political activists in Thailand. Our study suggests one imperative policy implication: Violence prevention measures at the individual level—against corporal punishment of children or violence against women—may have critical implications also for decreasing the risk for and prevalence of political violence and armed conflict in society.
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| 3. |
- Bjarnegård, Elin, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Women, Peace and Security : The Sexism and Violence Nexus
- 2020
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- This research brief is part of a series, initiated in connection to the 20th anniversary of UNSCR 1325 and promotes the realization of the Women, Peace and Security agenda through evidence-based policy and practice. It is the result of a collaboration between the Folke Bernadotte Academy (FBA), the Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO), and UN Women.The research presented in this brief shows that there is a need to focus our attention on sexist attitudes as well as on discriminatory gender norms. Individuals with hostile attitudes towards women, and towards gender equality in general, are not just more prone to violent extremist views and to intolerance towards other nationalities and religious groups; they are also more likely to actually support violent groups and to participate in political violence.These results demonstrate that a gender perspective is sorely needed in order to better understand the dynamics of political violence and extremism.
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