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| 2. |
- Lazaridis, Iosif, et al.
(författare)
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Ancient human genomes suggest three ancestral populations for present-day Europeans
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 513:7518, s. 409-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We sequenced the genomes of a similar to 7,000-year-old farmer from Germany and eight similar to 8,000-year-old hunter-gatherers from Luxembourg and Sweden. We analysed these and other ancient genomes(1-4) with 2,345 contemporary humans to show that most present-day Europeans derive from at least three highly differentiated populations: west European hunter-gatherers, who contributed ancestry to all Europeans but not to Near Easterners; ancient north Eurasians related to Upper Palaeolithic Siberians(3), who contributed to both Europeans and Near Easterners; and early European farmers, who were mainly of Near Eastern origin but also harboured west European hunter-gatherer related ancestry. We model these populations' deep relationships and show that early European farmers had similar to 44% ancestry from a 'basal Eurasian' population that split before the diversification of other non-African lineages.
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| 3. |
- Anchieta, Rodolfo B., et al.
(författare)
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Mechanical Property Assessment of Bone Healing around a Titanium-Zirconium Alloy Dental Implant
- 2014
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Ingår i: Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1523-0899 .- 1708-8208. ; 16:6, s. 913-919
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundIt has been reported that titanium-zirconium alloy with 13-17% zirconium (TiZr1317) implants show higher biomechanical stability and bone area percentage relative to commercially pure titanium (cpTi) grade 4 fixtures. PurposeThis study aimed to determine whether the higher stability for TiZr1317 implants is associated with higher mechanical properties of remodeling bone in the areas around the implants. Materials and MethodsThis study utilized 36 implants (n=18: TiZr1317, n=18: cpTi), which were placed in the healed ridges of the mandibular premolar and first molar of 12 mini pigs (n=3 implants/animal). After 4 weeks in vivo, the samples were retrieved, and resin-embedded histologic sections of approximately 100m in thickness were prepared. In order to determine the nanomechanical properties, nanoindentation (n=30 tests/specimen) was performed on the bone tissue of the sections under wet conditions with maximum load of 300N (loading rate: 60N/s). ResultsThe mean (standard deviation) elastic modulus (E) and hardness (H) for the TiZr1317 group were 2.73 +/- 0.50GPa and 0.116 +/- 0.017GPa, respectively. For the cpTi group, values were 2.68 +/- 0.51GPa and 0.110 +/- 0.017GPa for E and H, respectively. Although slightly higher mechanical properties values were observed for the TiZr1317 implants relative to the cpTi for both elastic modulus and hardness, these differences were not significant (E=p>0.75; H=p>0.59). ConclusionsThe titanium-zirconium alloy used in this study presented similar degrees of nanomechanical properties to that of the cpTi implants.
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| 4. |
- Buitenkamp, Trudy D., et al.
(författare)
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Acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children with Down syndrome : a retrospective analysis from the Ponte di Legno study group
- 2014
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Ingår i: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 0006-4971 .- 1528-0020. ; 123:1, s. 70-77
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Children with Down syndrome (DS) have an increased risk of B-cell precursor (BCP) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The prognostic factors and outcome of DS-ALL patients treated in contemporary protocols are uncertain. We studied 653 DS-ALL patients enrolled in 16 international trials from 1995 to 2004. Non-DS BCP-ALL patients from the Dutch Child Oncology Group and Berlin-Frankfurt-Munster were reference cohorts. DS-ALL patients had a higher 8-year cumulative incidence of relapse (26% +/- 2% vs 15% +/- 1%, P < .001) and 2-year treatment-related mortality (TRM) (7% +/- 1% vs 2.0% +/- < 1%, P < .0001) than non-DS patients, resulting in lower 8-year event-free survival (EFS) (64% +/- 2% vs 81% +/- 2%, P < .0001) and overall survival (74% +/- 2% vs 89% +/- 1%, P < .0001). Independent favorable prognostic factors include age <6 years (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.58, P = .002), white blood cell (WBC) count <10 x 10(9)/L (HR = 0.60, P = .005), and ETV6-RUNX1 (HR = 0.14, P = .006) for EFS and age (HR = 0.48, P < .001), ETV6-RUNX1 (HR = 0.1, P = .016) and high hyperdiploidy (HeH) (HR = 0.29, P = .04) for relapse-free survival. TRM was the major cause of death in ETV6-RUNX1 and HeH DS-ALLs. Thus, while relapse is the main contributor to poorer survival in DS-ALL, infection-associated TRM was increased in all protocol elements, unrelated to treatment phase or regimen. Future strategies to improve outcome in DS-ALL should include improved supportive care throughout therapy and reduction of therapy in newly identified good-prognosis subgroups.
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| 5. |
- Chaudron, Michel, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Automated Prioritization of Metrics-based Design Flaws in UML Class Diagrams
- 2014
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Ingår i: 2014 40th Euromicro Conference Series on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications (Seaa 2014). - : IEEE. - 1089-6503. ; , s. 369-376
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The importance of software architecture in software development prolongs throughout the entire software life cycle. This is because quality of the architectural design defines the structural aspects of the system that are difficult to change, and hence will affect most of the subsequent development and maintenance activities. This paper considers software design flaws (related to the system structure) and not flaws identified at run time (by testing). These design flaws are akin to what is described in the literature as anti-patterns, bad smells or rotting design. Recently, two tools that have been developed for quality assurance of software designs represented in the UML notation: SDMetrics and MetricView. However these tools are not considered practical because they report many design flaws which are not considered by developers (false positives). This paper explores an approach that tries to identify which design flaws should be considered important and which are not. To this end, we propose an approach for automated prioritization of software design flaws (BX approach), to facilitate developers to focus on important design flaws more effectively. We designed and implemented a tool (PoSDef) that implements this approach. The BX approach and the PoSDef tool have been validated using two open source projects and one large industrial system. Our validation consists of comparing our approach and tool with the existing design flaw tools. The evaluation has shown that the proposed approach could facilitate developers to identify and prioritize important design flaws effectively.
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| 6. |
- Fuks, Kateryna B., et al.
(författare)
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Arterial blood pressure and long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution : an analysis in the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE)
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Health Perspectives. - : National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS). - 0091-6765 .- 1552-9924. ; 122:9, s. 896-905
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Long-term exposure to air pollution is hypothesized to elevate arterial blood pressure (BP). The existing evidence is scarce and country-specific. OBJECTIVES: We investigated the cross-sectional association of long-term traffic-related air pollution with BP and prevalent hypertension in European populations. METHODS: Fifteen population-based cohorts, participating in the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE), were analysed. Residential exposure to particulate matter and nitrogen oxides was modelled with land use regression using a uniform protocol. Traffic exposure was assessed with traffic indicator variables. We analysed systolic and diastolic BP in participants medicated and non-medicated with BP lowering medication (BPLM) separately, adjusting for personal and area-level risk factors and environmental noise. Prevalent hypertension was defined as ≥ 140 mmHg systolic, or ≥ 90 mmHg diastolic BP, or intake of BPLM. We combined cohort-specific results using random-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS: In the main meta-analysis of 113,926 participants, traffic load on major roads within 100 m of the residence was associated with increased systolic and diastolic BP in non-medicated participants (0.35 mmHg [95% CI: 0.02-0.68] and 0.22 mmHg [95% CI: 0.04-0.40] per 4,000,000 vehicles × m/day, respectively). The estimated odds ratio for prevalent hypertension was 1.05 [95% CI: 0.99-1.11] per 4,000,000 vehicles × m/day. Modelled air pollutants and BP were not clearly associated. CONCLUSIONS: In this first comprehensive meta-analysis of European population-based cohorts we observed a weak positive association of high residential traffic exposure with BP in non-medicated participants, and an elevated OR for prevalent hypertension. The relationship of modelled air pollutants with BP was inconsistent.
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| 7. |
- Ho-Quang, Truong, et al.
(författare)
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Automatic classification of UML Class diagrams from images
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 21st Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference, APSEC 2014. - 1530-1362. - 9781479974252
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- - Graphical modelling of various aspects of software and systems is a common part of software development. UML is the de-facto standard for various types of software models. To be able to research UML, academia needs to have a corpus of UML models. For building such a database, an automated system that has the ability to classify UML class diagram images would be very beneficial, since a large portion of UML class diagrams (UML CDs) is available as images on the Internet. In this study, we propose 23 image-features and investigate the use of these features for the purpose of classifying UML CD images. We analyse the performance of the features and assess their contribution based on their Information Gain Attribute Evaluation scores. We study specificity and sensitivity scores of six classification algorithms on a set of 1300 images. We found that 19 out of 23 introduced features can be considered as influential predictors for classifying UML CD images. Through the six algorithms, the prediction rate achieves nearly 96% correctness for UML-CD and 91% of correctness for non-UML CD.
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| 8. |
- Malfatti, Edoardo, et al.
(författare)
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A New Muscle Glycogen Storage Disease Associated with Glycogenin-1 Deficiency
- 2014
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Ingår i: Annals of Neurology. - : Wiley. - 0364-5134. ; 76:6, s. 891-898
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We describe a slowly progressive myopathy in 7 unrelated adult patients with storage of polyglucosan in muscle fibers. Genetic investigation revealed homozygous or compound heterozygous deleterious variants in the glycogenin-1 gene (GYG1). Most patients showed depletion of glycogenin-1 in skeletal muscle, whereas 1 showed presence of glycogenin-1 lacking the C-terminal that normally binds glycogen synthase. Our results indicate that either depletion of glycogenin-1 or impaired interaction with glycogen synthase underlies this new form of glycogen storage disease that differs from a previously reported patient with GYG1 mutations who showed profound glycogen depletion in skeletal muscle and accumulation of glycogenin-1. Ann Neurol 2014;76:891-898
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| 9. |
- Mooij, Wolf M., et al.
(författare)
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Serving many at once : How a database approach can create unity in dynamical ecosystem modelling
- 2014
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Ingår i: Environmental Modelling & Software. - : Elsevier BV. - 1364-8152 .- 1873-6726. ; 61, s. 266-273
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Simulation modelling in ecology is a field that is becoming increasingly compartmentalized. Here we propose a Database Approach To Modelling (DATM) to create unity in dynamical ecosystem modelling with differential equations. In this approach the storage of ecological knowledge is independent of the language and platform in which the model will be run. To create an instance of the model, the information in the database is translated and augmented with the language and platform specifics. This process is automated so that a new instance can be created each time the database is updated. We describe the approach using the simple Lotka-Volterra model and the complex ecosystem model for shallow lakes PCLake, which we automatically implement in the frameworks OSIRIS, GRIND for MATLAB, ACSL, R, DUFLOW and DELWAQ. A clear advantage of working in a database is the overview it provides. The simplicity of the approach only adds to its elegance.
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| 10. |
- Papadimitriou, G., et al.
(författare)
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The No core gamow shell model for ab-initio nuclear structure calculations
- 2014
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Ingår i: EPJ Web of Conferences. - : EDP Sciences. - 2101-6275 .- 2100-014X. ; 66
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We apply the Berggren basis in a No-Core Shell Model framework to calculate ground state (g.s.) energies of 3H, 4He and 5He. In our studies we use the Argonne υ18 and the chiral N3LO potentials, both of which are renormalized via a V low-k process. © Owned by the authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2014.
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