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- Dahlkvist, Tobias, 1977-
(författare)
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Geniets patologi : En studie i 1800-talsmedicinens genibegrepp
- 2015
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Ingår i: Lychnos. - 0076-1648. ; , s. 53-89
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the mid-nineteenth century, the ancient notion that genius is a form of insanity suddenly became the topic of intense medical interest. Beginning with the French physician Lélut’s 1836 study of Socrates, Du démon de Socrate, a number of prominent nineteenth century doctors developed theories that sought to explain genius with reference to various medical conditions. The most important and controversial of these theories was Cesare Lombroso’s attempt in L’uomo di genio (1888) to show that genius, just like the innate tendency to commit crime that he claimed to observe in the majority of the criminals, was a form of masked epilepsy. Lombroso’s opponents, in particular the followers of the French Lyon school, developed an alternative theory according to which genius was a higher form of reason and a future, more highly developed form of human appearing in advance. The paper seeks to demonstrate that the medical theories of genius were in fact an important scientific topic in the late nineteenth century. It aims to show that Lombroso’s notion that genius was a positive counterpart to the born criminal, whose intuitive insights can be put to use by science and solve the very problems that the born criminal causes, meant that the theories on genius were in fact an aspect of criminal anthropology that was much more important than the previous research has noted.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Karin M., 1989-, et al.
(författare)
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Visual grading evaluation of commercially available metal artefact reduction techniques in hip prosthesis computed tomography
- 2016
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Ingår i: British Journal of Radiology. - London, United Kingdom : British Institute of Radiology. - 0007-1285 .- 1748-880X. ; 89:1063
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To evaluate metal artefact reduction (MAR) techniques from four computed tomography (CT) vendors in hip prosthesis imaging.Methods: Bilateral hip prosthesis phantom images, obtained by using MAR algorithms for single energy CT data or dual energy CT (DECT) data and by monoenergetic reconstructions of DECT data, were visually graded by five radiologists using ten image quality criteria. Comparisons between the MAR images and a reference image were performed for each scanner separately. Ordinal probit regression analysis was used.Results: The MAR algorithms in general improved the image quality based on the majority of the criteria (up to between 8/10 and 10/10) with a statistically improvement in overall image quality (P<0.001). However, degradation of image quality, such as new artefacts, was seen in some cases. A few monoenergetic reconstruction series improved the image quality (P<0.004) for one of the DECT scanners, but it was only improved for some of the criteria (up to 5/10). Monoenergetic reconstructions resulted in worse image quality for the majority of the criteria (up to 7/10) for the other DECT scanner.Conclusions: The MAR algorithms improved the image quality of the hip prosthesis CT images. However, since additional artefacts and degradation of image quality were seen in some cases, all algorithms should be carefully evaluated for every clinical situation. Monoenergetic reconstructions were in general concluded to be insufficient for reducing metal artifacts. Advances in knowledge: Qualitative evaluation of the usefulness of several MAR techniques from different vendors in CT imaging of hip prosthesis.
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| 3. |
- Baumann, Chris
(författare)
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Beyond the black box : Digital media players as interoperable systems
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of popular television. - : Intellect. - 2046-9861. ; 7:2, s. 201-215
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article looks at the entanglement of materiality, social practices and institutional interventions connected to the emergence of digital media players, in order to understand the cultural practices that their development and stabilization provoke. After laying out a framework for studying interconnectivity in complex systems, and introducing the notion of interoperable systems as a conceptual intervention for the study of media technologies, I offer a case study of the development of Microsoft's Xbox One, in which particular attention is paid to the various 'repair practices' that the system's limitations motivated among different social groups. I argue that seemingly 'simple' and 'seamless' operations that an everyday phenomenon like the Xbox One promises, such as using the device to stream a video, are in fact made possible by a complex set of technological, social and organizational mechanisms that are deliberately negotiated and manipulated at different layers.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Blanck, Dag
(författare)
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Religion and Ethnicity
- 2001
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Ingår i: Norwegian-American Essays 2001. - : NAHA-Norway, Oslo.
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 8. |
- de, Laverny P, et al.
(författare)
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On the determination of carbon isotopic ratios in cool carbon stars
- 1998
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Ingår i: ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS. - : SPRINGER VERLAG. - 0004-6361. ; 332:2, s. 661-671
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We discuss the determination of carbon isotopic ratios C-12/C-13 in N-type Galactic carbon stars. Ohnaka & Tsuji (1996) reported C-12/C-13 ratios Smaller by a factor 2 or 3 than the determinations of Lambert et al. (1986). Using synthetic spectra of carbo
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| 9. |
- Lind, Anna-Sara, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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A New Proportionality Test for Fundamental Rights? : The Joined Cases C-92/09 and C-93/09 Volker und Markus Schecke GbR (C-92/09) and Hartmut Eifert (C-93/09) v. Land Hessen
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the joined cases C-92/09 and C-93/09 Volker und Markus Schecke GbR (C-92/09) and Hartmut Eifert (C-93/09) v. Land Hessen Judgment of 9 November 2010, not yet published, the Court of Justice of the European Union (Court of Justice) was called upon to balance the right to respect of private life in general, and to the protection of personal data in particular, protected by Articles 7 and 8 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (the Charter), against the principle of transparency stated in Articles 1 and 10 of the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and in Article 15 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). The Court of Justice approached this problem within the context of a reference for a preliminary ruling under Article 267 TFEU. This reference, however, took the form of an indirect challenge to certain EU law provisions that, in the view of the applicants, violated the right to respect of private life and of the protection of personal data. In this analysis the method of the Court of Justice when balancing diverging or even opposing interests protected by EU law will be scrutinised. The authors are critical of the Court’s reasoning, which they consider put too little weight on the fundamental interest of transparency in the case at hand. The analysis is structured as follows. First, in section 1, the arguments of the Applicants and the respondent State respectively will be summarised, followed by the main reasoning of the Court. In section 2, the question of how to balance fundamental rights and general interests will be analysed, taking as the point of departure the question of proportionality as described by the Court. The conclusions are presented in the final section 3.
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