| 1. |
- Eklund, Mona, et al.
(författare)
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Psychometric evaluation of the Danish version of Satisfaction with Daily Occupations (SDO).
- 2014
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2014 .- 1103-8128. ; 21:3, s. 166-171
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Aims: The Satisfaction with Daily Occupations (SDO) scale assesses satisfaction within the domains of work, leisure, domestic tasks, and self-care. The aim was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Danish version of the SDO when used with asylum seekers. Methods: The participants were 93 Danes without known ill health and 43 asylum seekers. They completed the SDO and rated their perceived health, activity level, and general satisfaction with daily occupations. Translation into Danish and back-translation into Swedish was made by professional interpreters. Results: Internal consistency was α = 0.75 for the Danish sample and α = 0.79 for the asylum seekers. The SDO distinguished between asylum seekers and the Danish sample, suggesting criterion validity. Concurrent validity, analysed against general satisfaction with daily occupations, was indicated for both samples. Discriminant validity was indicated against self-rated health for both samples and against activity level for the Danish sample. There was, however, a correlation of 0.65 between the SDO satisfaction score and activity level for the asylum seekers. Conclusion: The SDO exhibited satisfactory internal consistency and criterion and concurrent validity. The findings regarding discriminant validity were somewhat inconclusive. The Danish SDO may be regarded as psychometrically sound but further psychometric testing is needed.
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| 2. |
- Hansen, Bodil Winther, et al.
(författare)
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Creative activities : An important agent of change in the process of rebuilding identity - a scoping literature review
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction:Looking back on the history of occupational therapy, creative activities played a major part in the rehabilitation process, but have been diminished during the last decades. This review looks at the importance and application of creative activities in occupational therapy in the 21st century.Objectives:The aim of the review was to describe the value and importance of focusing on creative activities in occupational therapy intervention. Method: This scoping review was done as prequel to a book on creativity in occupational therapy, and based on literature search in the databases PubMed,Cinahl, PsychInfo, and the Danish library index. Our inclusion criteria were literature that covered the value and meaning of creative activity in general and/or application of creative activities as intervention tool. Peer-reviewed articles, articles and books in English, and Scandinavian languages were included.Results/Discussion:This review showed that use of creative activities as a medium for healing/alleviating suffering have the power to rebuild or replace an identity during illness or major life crisis.The value of creative activities is individual and culture-based and as most have the need to expressthemselves through creativity, which makes creative activities important and useful. Conclusion: Results indicated that individuals have a need to be seen as unique and creative beings. This knowledge supports that creative activity as an agent of change within the rehabilitation process is important, when adaptinga new activity identity. The value and meaning of the creative activity for the individual or group should be examined before and during therapy. Contribution to occupational therapy practice:Focusing on implementing creative activities is important as they have potential to replace former crucial activities to a person’s activity identity. Creative activities are relevant in societies with stress, search for identity as a tool to understand individual reactions and feelings.
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| 3. |
- Jessen-Winge, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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The influence of occupation on wellbeing, as perceived by the elderly : A systematic review protocol
- 2014
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Ingår i: The JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 2202-4433. ; 12:2, s. 26-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Review objective/questions: The objective of the current review is to identify the types of occupations that are important in improving overall wellbeing amongst the elderly population.It is assumed that conducting a systematic review with a qualitative approach will lead to a deeper understanding of how the independently‐living elderly enhance their wellbeing through participation in occupations. Such a review will contribute to the knowledge and practice within the health promotion framework with the healthy elderly population. Thus the review will be of use to occupational therapists and others working with elderly people in terms of both theory and practice, as the knowledge will be grounded in the reality of human experience. The specific question to be addressed in this review is:Which occupations do the independently‐living elderly consider to enhance their overall wellbeing?Background: An important health goal for elderly people in western countries is to maintain their ability to live independently and to function well.1 In the fields of social science and gerontology, concepts such as ‘active aging’ and ‘successful aging’ imply that ‘doing’ activities is closely related to wellbeing.3 Being active is an important factor in managing life and coping with the challenges related to advanced age.2Activities are defined by all that people need, want or are obligated to do such as self‐care, household tasks, leisure and social interactions with family and friends.4 When a person engages in and gives the activity a purpose, value or reason, the activity will become meaningful and can be defined as an occupation.5,6 Crepeau et al. stated that occupations “include the day‐to‐day activities that enable people to sustain themselves, to contribute to the life of their family and to participate in the broader society”.7(p28) Thus, occupations are multifaceted phenomena as they provide meaning, identity and structure to a person's life.5 The one premise underpinning occupational therapy and occupational science is that the occupations in which people engage and their health are interrelated and this seems to be universal for the experience of wellbeing.8,9The meaningfulness of the occupations in which a person engages throughout their lifespan changes over time.10The occupations a young man at university may find meaningful will probably differ from those of an elderly man who is retiring from work. For the elderly, there are different factors influencing their engagement in occupations. Examples of these include the aging process, as well as the individual's history of occupations. Significant changes in external conditions, for example retirement, also have an impact on the occupations considered by an individual to be meaningful and in which they will subsequently engage.11 This complex interaction between external conditions of the individual's lifespan and the internal perceptions of those conditions,12 influences the way in which the individual perceives general wellbeing.10Several studies indicate that engagement in social occupations seems to improve the wellbeing of the elderly.9,13‐16 However, a Danish study showed that the majority of the elderly in their sample found physical and solitary occupations as being the most important for maintaining health and wellbeing.17 Productive activities such as remaining active in work or volunteering has also been indicated to have a positive effect on wellbeing.13,18 It is important for society in general, as well as social and health services in particular, to enable and assist the elderly in improving their health and enhance their general wellbeing. Conducting a systematic literature review on elderly persons’ occupations from the perspective of the elderly will lead to a deeper understanding on how the elderly can maintain their well‐being.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Morville, Anne-Le, et al.
(författare)
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Activity of Daily Living Performance amongst Danish Asylum Seekers : A cross-sectional study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal on Rehabilitation of Torture Victims and Prevention of Torture. - Copenhagen : International Rehabilitation Council for Torture Victims. - 1018-8185 .- 1997-3322. ; 24:1, s. 49-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the extent of Activities of Daily Living (ADL) ability impairment in newly arrived Danish asylum seekers. It was hypothesized that exposure to trauma and torture would negatively influence ADL performance and that measures of ADL ability would be lower in individuals exposed to torture as compared to the non-tortured.Subjects: Forty-three newly arrived asylum seekers aged 20-50 years, from Iran, Afghanistan and Syria, were consecutively included in the study.Method: ADL ability was assessed with the observation-based test Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS). Interviews were based on questionnaires about torture exposure, WHO-5 Wellbeing Index, Major Depression Inventory and Pain Detect Questionnaire. All participants were interviewed and tested using a linguistic interpreter.Results: Thirty three (77%) participants reported exposure to torture. The tortured did not differ significantly from the nontortured on measures of ADL ability (two-sample t-tests: Motor, p= 0.36; Process, p= 0.82). ADL performance impairment was observed in the overall study sample. Twelve had motor and 15 process ability measures below age norms and 2 below both AMPS motor and process cut-offs for effortless and efficient ADL performance. There were statistically significant - weak to moderate - correlations between self-reported psychological distress, VAS average pain, pain distribution and the AMPS measures.Conclusion: The study results supported significant ADL ability impairment in tortured as well as non-tortured newly arrived asylum seekers. Implementation of performance-based evaluation of ADL ability as part of the initial medical screening of this particular population should be considered.
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| 6. |
- Morville, Anne-Le
(författare)
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Boligen som ramme om hverdagslivet
- 2012
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Ingår i: Sociologi og rehabilitering. - : Munksgaard Forlag. - 9788762810211 ; , s. 71-79
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Morville, Anne-Le
(författare)
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Daily occupations among asylum seekers- Experience, performance and perception
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Asylum seekers often find themselves in a situation where the structure and content of daily occupations have been disrupted and they might have limited access to paid work and education. Studies have shown that asylum seekers experience occupational depri- vation and a change in daily occupations which might even influence their identity. Such deprivation can eventually lead to dissatisfaction with everyday life and to occupational dysfunction, i.e. a decline in ADL ability. Asylum seekers are a group who are more likely to suffer from health problems than the background population. Especially torture survivors suffer from ill health. Pain and psychological symptoms are among the most frequent health issues for both asylum seekers and torture survivors and may cause occupation-related problems. The overarching aim of this thesis was to investigate how staying in an asylum centre influenced occupations on three levels – the experience of occupational deprivation, satisfaction with daily occupations and performance of ADL tasks and whether occupational satisfaction and performance changed over a ten month period. As there are often torture survivors among asylum seekers, another aim was to assess whether torture had an influence on the occupational satisfaction and performance, and whether this had changed after ten months. Forty-three asylum seekers from Afghanistan, Iran and Syria participated at baseline and ten months later 17 were available for inclusion in follow-up studies. Study I showed that the asylum seekers experienced occupational deprivation during detention, and had trouble maintaining former occupations due to limited access to activities. The results in Studies II-IV showed a high prevalence of torture survivors, high ratings of distress and low ratings of general well-being and health, all of which had associations to occupational satisfaction, activity level and occupational performance. Torture did not appear to have an influence on satisfaction with daily occupations, but physical torture could be a predictor of decline in ADL motor skills (Study III). On arrival the participants had difficulties performing ADL tasks and expressed low satisfaction with daily occupations. Ten months later there was a statistically and clinically significant decline in ADL performance, although not in satisfaction with daily occupations and activity level. A significant decline was also seen regarding self-rated health measures. However, there was no difference between tortured and non-tortured asylum seekers regarding ADL ability and self-rated health at baseline. Due to dropout at follow-up and a prevalence of torture survivors, this analysis could not be performed at the follow-up. 13 This thesis points at a need for developing adequate occupation-focused rehabilita- tion programmes for asylum seekers and torture survivors, in order to enable occupa- tion and prevent development of ill health for this specific group.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Morville, Anne-Le, et al.
(författare)
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Kreative aktiviteters rehabiliterende kraft
- 2013
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Ingår i: Kreativitet i ergoterapi. - : Munksgaard Forlag. - 9788762810624 - 9788762813106 - 9788762812772 ; , s. 85-103
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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