| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Sterner, Olov, et al.
(författare)
-
Mutagens in larger fungi. I. Forty-eight species screened for mutagenic activity in the Salmonella/microsome assay
- 1982
-
Ingår i: Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-1218. ; 101:4, s. 269-281
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Specimens of large fungi (mushrooms) were screened for mutagenic activity by the Salmonella/microsome assay, with strains TA98, TA2637 and TA100. Out of 48 species tested, 37 exhibited a significant but for the most part weak activity. The activity observed in the presence of S9 mix was typically between 0 and 50% of that without, and in no case was the activity increased in the presence of microsomal enzymes. Six metabolites reported to occur in some of the species included in this investigation were also tested. Significant mutagenic activity was found with isovelleral (5) from Lactarius sp., agaritine (3) from Agaricus bisporus and related sp. and β-nitraminoalanine (7) from Agaricus silvaticus. Isovelleral may be a major mutagen in some of the sharp-tasting and mutagenic Russulaceae sp. A. bisporus (cultivated specimen) was weakly mutagenic toward all three strains of S. typhimurium used, and agaritine was weakly active toward TA2637 alone. This implies that this fungus might contain other mutagenic material as well. β-Nitraminoalanine was not found in the particular collection of A. silvaticus tested here. The mutagenicity observed for the fungus in this work may therefore be due to other metabolites. Even though many species found to be mutagenic are used as food, it seems premature to make specific recommendations about eventual health risks. Further information is needed about the chemistry and toxicology of the active compounds as well as about the effects of various methods used in preparing mushrooms for food.
|
|
| 3. |
- Lindholm, C-E, et al.
(författare)
-
Microwave-induced hyperthermia and ionizing radiation. Preliminary clinical results
- 1982
-
Ingår i: Acta Radiologica: Oncology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0349-652X. ; 21:4, s. 241-254
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The combination of microwave-induced (2450 MHz) hyperthermia and ionizing radiation was used in 7 patients with superficial malignant tumours, which were considered refractory to other therapy. A newly developed heating system was used, allowing for a maintained temperature at the master probe of 42.5 degrees C +/- 0.5 degrees C during 45 min, but temperature measurements at multiple sites showed a marked variation. This preliminary series indicates that the combination of hyperthermia and ionizing radiation may be useful, the response rate (complete or partial) being 8 of 8 evaluable lesions. Even previously heavily irradiated sites responded. Technical improvements are highly needed to allow for controlled heating of any tissue volume.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Mulvany, M J, et al.
(författare)
-
Are isolated femoral resistance vessels or tail arteries good models for the hindquarter vasculature of spontaneously hypertensive rats?
- 1982
-
Ingår i: Acta physiologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-6772 .- 1365-201X. ; 116:3, s. 275-83
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have investigated the extent to which the properties of small arteries from the hindquarters of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) are consistent with the characteristics of perfused SHR hindquarter preparations (for which the relaxed vascular resistance, the reactivity and the sensitivity are reported to be increased). We have therefore compared the in vitro morphological and pharmacological properties of a femoral resistance vessel (i.d. ca 200 microns) and of the tail artery (i.d. ca 600 microns) from SHRs with those from control Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKYs). When relaxed, for any given wall tension, the internal circumference of the SHR resistance vessels was reduced, but that of the SHR tail artery was normal. When activated with 10 microM noradrenaline, the SHR resistance vessels had an increased calcium sensitivity, but the calcium sensitivity of the SHR tail arteries was normal. However, the maximum response of both types of SHR vessels was such that the vessels would have been able to contract against increased transmural pressure. The noradrenaline sensitivity of the SHR resistance vessels was normal but the SHR tail arteries had a decreased sensitivity. The results suggest that the femoral resistance vessel is in general a better model for the hindquarter vasculature than the tail artery.
|
|
| 6. |
- Nilsson, Per, et al.
(författare)
-
Technique for microwave-induced hyperthermia in superficial human tumours
- 1982
-
Ingår i: Acta Radiologica: Oncology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0349-652X. ; 21:4, s. 235-239
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to induce local hyperthermia in superficial tumours a computer system using a 2,450 MHz microwave generator connected to a circular (diameter 90 mm) direct contact applicator was constructed based on invasive temperature control. Small thermistor probes with a diameter of 0.6 mm are inserted in the tumour and surrounding tissues. Eight thermistors can be used simultaneously and one of them is chosen as the "master'. The automatic control system used a pulsed irradiation technique to avoid the problem with interactions between the metallic wires of the temperature probe and the electromagnetic field. With the system it was possible to control the temperature at the master thermistor within +/- 0.5 degrees C from the preset value.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Sterner, O., et al.
(författare)
-
Mutagens in larger fungi II. The mutagenicity of commercial pickled Lactarius necator in the Salmonella assay
- 1982
-
Ingår i: Mutation Research Letters. - 0165-7992. ; 104:4-5, s. 233-237
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the course of an ongoing screening of larger mushrooms for the occurrence of chemical mutagens, 33 out of 48 species tested exhibited a significant direct mutagenic activity in the Salmonella/microsome assay (Sterner et al., 1982). (No mutagens requiring metabolic activation were indicated.) These findings are of some concern, since mushrooms are used extensively as food in many areas, and there are strong indications that carcinogens in food are of considerable importance in cancer aetiology (Sugimura, 1979). A recent communication by Knuutinen and von Wright (1982) on the mutagenicity of 4 Lactarius species collected in Finland prompts us to report our own results from mutagenicity tests with commercially preserved (pickled) Lactarius necator.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
