| 1. |
- Santesson, Sabina, et al.
(författare)
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Airborne Single Cell Chemistry
- 2002
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Ingår i: European Biotechnology News. ; 1:1, s. 39-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 2. |
- Berglund, Christer, et al.
(författare)
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A note on inter-country differences in waste paper recovery and utilization
- 2002
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Ingår i: Resources, Conservation and Recycling. - 0921-3449 .- 1879-0658. ; 34:3, s. 175-191
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Countries worldwide express waste paper recycling targets in terms of recovery and utilization rates. The main purpose of this paper is to identify and analyze the most important determinants of inter-country differences in these waste paper rates. By employing two regression models and using data for 89 and 81 countries, respectively, the paper concludes that relative waste paper recovery and use are largely market-determined, and depend thus on long-standing economic factors such as population intensity and competitiveness in the world market for paper and board products. We also find evidence that supports the conjecture that rich countries tend to recover relatively more waste paper than is the case in low-income countries, reflecting the higher demand for waste management and environmental policies in more developed economies. As recovery and utilization rates are determined largely by long-standing economic and demographic characteristics the degree of policy flexibility in affecting these rates may be limited. In particular, an ambitious utilization rate target may be very costly to enforce as it can conflict with existing trade patterns of paper and board products as well as with other environmental goals. Additional policy targets may, therefore, be desirable, especially since paper recycling is motivated primarily by environmental concerns and seldom is a benign activity in itself.
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| 3. |
- Carlsson, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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Matching Multi-Fractal Process Parameters Against Real Data Traffic
- 2002
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent analyses of real data/internet traffic indicate that data traffic exhibits long-range dependence as well as self-similar or multi-fractal properties. By using mathematical models of Internet traffic that share these properties we can perform analytical studies of network traffic. This gives us an opportunity to analyse potential bottlenecks and estimate delays in the networks. Processes with multi-fractal properties can be modeled by multiplying the output of Markov Modulated Rate Processes (MMRP) [1] each defined by four parameters. The MMRP are easily used in stochastic fluid flow modeling. This model is also suited for analysis of other traffic types e.g. VoIP and thus, it allows for integration of different traffic types, i.e. time-sensitive voice traffic with best-effort data traffic. Using this model we can calculate performance parameters for each individual stream that enters the system/model. In this paper we show how to construct a multi-fractal process that is matched to measured data from MMRP sub processes.
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| 4. |
- Carlsson, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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Obtaining Reliable Bit Rate Measurements in SNMP-Managed Networks
- 2002
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Simple Network Management Protocol, SNMP, is the most widespread standard for Internet management. As SNMP stacks are available on most equipment, this protocol has to be considered when it comes to performance management, traffic engineering and network control. However, especially when using the predominant version 1, SNMPv1, special care has to be taken to avoid erroneous results when calculating bit rates. In this work, we evalute six off-the-shelf network components. We demonstrate that bit rate measurements can be completely misleading if the sample intervals that are used are either too large or too small. We present solutions and work-arounds for these problems. The devices are evaluated with regards to their updating and response behavior.
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| 5. |
- Dinnétz, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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Population viability analysis of Saxifraga cotyledon, a perennial plant with semelparous rosettes
- 2002
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Ingår i: Plant Ecology. - 1385-0237 .- 1573-5052. ; 159:1, s. 61-71
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim with this study was to analyse the population dynamics of Saxifraga cotyledon, a rare, long lived herb, with semelparous rosettes. In Sweden, S. cotyledon grows in fragmented habitats at high altitude and is classified as vulnerable according to the IUCN system. From a five year demographical study we estimated population growth rates and extinction risks for one small and one large subpopulation. In the small subpopulation deterministic matrix simulations showed large variation, with two transitions projecting negative and two projecting positive population growth. The large subpopulation also showed large variation, but all yearly transitions projected positive population growth. In both subpopulations survival and growth contributed more than twice as much to population growth rates than did sexual reproduction, vegetative reproduction and the seed bank all taken together. In stochastic simulations the maximum likelihood growth estimator was larger than 1 for both subpopulations. None of the two subpopulations suffer from high extinction rates and although the effect of demographic stochasticity increase extinction risk in small populations it is enough with 70 individuals for a viable population of S. cotyledon. Hence, for the studied population of S. cotyledon, rareness per se is not a good indicator of vulnerability.
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| 6. |
- Nilsson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Editorial : New editor for minerals and energy
- 2002
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Ingår i: Minerals & Energy - Raw Materials Report. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1404-1049 .- 1651-2286. ; 17:4, s. 2-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
- Nilsson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Foreign direct investment and institutional obstacles : The case of Russian forestry
- 2002
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Ingår i: Natural resources forum (Print). - : Wiley. - 0165-0203 .- 1477-8947. ; 26:4, s. 302-313
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article examines why, in spite of vast forest resources, Russia has been unable to attract foreign investors into its forest industry. A survey of 32 influential Western European forest companies indicates that purely economic factors, such as labour or raw material costs, are not the main reasons these companies refrain from investing. Instead, the companies identify a number of institutional factors: ambiguous legal systems; difficulties in negotiating with local authorities; unfair tax enforcement; and general political instability as the main impediments to FDI in the sector. These factors have led many companies to abandon previously considered investments in Russia, and also to terminate existing business relationships with Russian partners. The survey results also indicate that, while many investors in forestry were attracted by the potential for a growing Russian market in the early days of the transition period, they have become more and more aware of the many institutional obstacles challenging growth in the sector. The article concludes, therefore, that FDI in the Russian forestry sector is likely to remain low until a fundamental change takes place in the legal and political systems.
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| 8. |
- Nilsson, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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trans-Di-mu-chloro-bis[(dimethyl sulfoxide-kappa S)phenylplatinum(II)]
- 2002
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Ingår i: Acta Crystallographica Section E: Structure Reports Online. - 1600-5368. ; 58:part 11, s. 639-640
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The title compound, [Pt2Cl2(C6H5)2(C2H6OS)2] or [Pt([bold mu]-Cl)Ph(dmso)]2 (dmso is dimethyl sulfoxide), is a dimer with a pseudo square-planar coordination geometry around the Pt atoms, with two bridging Cl ligands creating a four-membered ring at the centre of the dimer. The complex is centrosymmetric, thus necessitating a trans configuration, with one dmso and one phenyl ligand coordinated to each Pt atom. The two Pt-Cl, the Pt-S and the Pt-C distances are 2.366 (2), 2.475 (2), 2.192 (2) and 1.997 (7) Å, respectively.
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| 9. |
- Persson, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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Parameter estimation of protein chromatographic processes based on breakthrough curves
- 2002
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Ingår i: Computer Applications in Biotechnology 2001 (CAB8). - 0080436811 ; , s. 113-118
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A methodology for parameter estimation in chromatographic models is suggested in this paper, which is based on breakthrough curves from a given column set-up. Physical parameters are found in two subsequent experiments, one for the mobile phase behaviour and one for the stationary phase behaviour. The estimations are based on flow rate changes and multiple responses. Adsorption parameters are found also in two subsequent experiments, one for isotherm parameters and one for kinetics parameters. These estimations are based on concentration changes. The conclusion is that it is possible to estimate the parameters in a general rate model using nonlinear least square estimation and numerical simulation of the model. Copyright (C) 2001 IFAC.
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| 10. |
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