| 1. |
- Ulmert, David, et al.
(författare)
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A novel automated platform for quantifying the extent of skeletal tumour involvement in prostate cancer patients using the bone scan index
- 2012
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Ingår i: European Urology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0302-2838 .- 1873-7560. ; 62:1, s. 78-84
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: There is little consensus on a standard approach to analysing bone scan images. The Bone Scan Index (BSI) is predictive of survival in patients with progressive prostate cancer (PCa), but the popularity of this metric is hampered by the tedium of the manual calculation. Objective: Develop a fully automated method of quantifying the BSI and determining the clinical value of automated BSI measurements beyond conventional clinical and pathologic features. Design, setting, and participants: We conditioned a computer-assisted diagnosis system identifying metastatic lesions on a bone scan to automatically compute BSI measurements. A training group of 795 bone scans was used in the conditioning process. Independent validation of the method used bone scans obtained ≤3 mo from diagnosis of 384 PCa cases in two large population-based cohorts. An experienced analyser (blinded to case identity, prior BSI, and outcome) scored the BSI measurements twice. We measured prediction of outcome using pretreatment Gleason score, clinical stage, and prostate-specific antigen with models that also incorporated either manual or automated BSI measurements. Measurements: The agreement between methods was evaluated using Pearson's correlation coefficient. Discrimination between prognostic models was assessed using the concordance index (C-index). Results and limitations: Manual and automated BSI measurements were strongly correlated (ρ = 0.80), correlated more closely (ρ = 0.93) when excluding cases with BSI scores ≥10 (1.8%), and were independently associated with PCa death (p < 0.0001 for each) when added to the prediction model. Predictive accuracy of the base model (C-index: 0.768; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.702-0.837) increased to 0.794 (95% CI, 0.727-0.860) by adding manual BSI scoring, and increased to 0.825 (95% CI, 0.754-0.881) by adding automated BSI scoring to the base model. Conclusions: Automated BSI scoring, with its 100% reproducibility, reduces turnaround time, eliminates operator-dependent subjectivity, and provides important clinical information comparable to that of manual BSI scoring. © 2012 European Association of Urology.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Johansson, Helena, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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High serum adiponectin predicts incident fractures in elderly men: Osteoporotic fractures in men (MrOS) Sweden
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. - : Wiley. - 1523-4681 .- 0884-0431. ; 27:6, s. 1390-1396
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adipocytes and osteoblasts share a common progenitor, and there is, therefore, potential for both autocrine and endocrine effects of adiponectin on skeletal metabolism. The aim of the present study was to determine whether high serum adiponectin was associated with an increased risk of fracture in elderly men. We studied the relationship between serum adiponectin and the risk of fracture in 999 elderly men drawn from the general population and recruited to the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) study in Gothenburg, Sweden. Baseline data included general health questionnaires, lifestyle questionnaires, body mass index (BMI), bone mineral density (BMD), serum adiponectin, osteocalcin, and leptin. Men were followed for up to 7.4 years (average, 5.2 years). Poisson regression was used to investigate the relationship between serum adiponectin, other risk variables and the time-to-event hazard function of fracture. Median levels of serum adiponectin at baseline were 10.4 mu g/mL (interquartile range, 7.714.3). During follow-up, 150 men sustained one or more fractures. The risk of fracture increased in parallel with increasing serum adiponectin (hazard ratio [HR]/SD, 1.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.231.72) and persisted after multivariate-adjusted analysis (HR/SD, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.091.55). Serum adiponectin shows graded stepwise association with a significant excess risk of fracture in elderly men that was independent of several other risk factors for fracture. Its measurement holds promise as a risk factor for fracture in men. (C) 2012 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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| 4. |
- Johansson, Helena, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Low serum vitamin D is associated with increased mortality in elderly men: MrOS Sweden
- 2012
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Ingår i: Osteoporosis International. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1433-2965 .- 0937-941X. ; 23:3, s. 991-999
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In elderly man, low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was associated with a substantial excess risk of death compared to 25(OH)D values greater than 50-70 nmol/l, but the association attenuated with time. The aim of the present study was to determine whether poor vitamin D status was associated with an increase in the risk of death in elderly men. We studied the relationship between serum 25(OH)D and the risk of death in 2,878 elderly men drawn from the population and recruited to the MrOS study in Sweden. Baseline data included general health and lifestyle measures and serum 25(OH)D measured by competitive RIA. Men were followed for up to 8.2 years (average 6.0 years). Mortality adjusted for comorbidities decreased by 5% for each SD increase in 25(OH)D overall (gradient of risk 1.05; 95% confidence interval 0.96-1.14). The predictive value of 25(OH)D for death was greatest below a threshold value of 50-70 nmol/l, was greatest at approximately 3 years after baseline and thereafter decreased with time. Low serum 25(OH)D is associated with a substantial excess risk of death compared to 25(OH)D values greater than 50-70 nmol/l, but the association attenuates with time. These findings, if causally related, have important implications for intervention in elderly men.
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| 5. |
- Krank, Benjamin, et al.
(författare)
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Tuning spot weld models for vehicle body structural dynamics
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings Of International Conference On Noise And Vibration Engineering (ISMA2012) / International Conference On Uncertainty In Structural Dynamics (USD2012). - : Katholieke Universiteit Leuven. - 9789073802896 ; , s. 3915-3926
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Efforts focussing on modelling of spot welds in typical automotive structures have been spent during the last decades resulting in a number of different modelling techniques. One of the crucial aspects common to all these approaches is the difficulties related to the local complexity of the modelling of the actual connections. In order to handle this complexity, spot weld models are often dependent on parameters tuning their characteristics. This paper discusses the tuning of two different spot weld models with respect to certain parameters; the RBE3-Hexa-RBE3 model (also known as the ACM 2) and the Spider2 model available in the pre-processor Ansa. With the current trend towards increasingly refined finite element model meshes, current guide lines need to be updated and elaborated further in order to identify the best performing models. In this paper, model studies are discussed targeting tuning of spot weld parameters together with a new proposal for an exact method for updating the Young's modulus and density of isotropic shell structures analytically using an initial FE calculation.
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| 6. |
- Nilsson, Martin, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Increased physical activity is associated with enhanced development of peak bone mass in men: a five-year longitudinal study.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. - : Wiley. - 0884-0431 .- 1523-4681. ; 27:5, s. 1206-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Data supporting physical activity guidelines to optimize bone development in men is sparse. Peak bone mass is believed to be important for the risk of osteoporosis later in life. The objective of this study was to determine if an increased amount of physical activity over a 5-year period was associated with increased bone mineral content (BMC), areal (aBMD) and volumetric (vBMD) bone mineral density, and a favorable development of cortical bone size in young adult men. The original 1068 young men, initially enrolled in the Gothenburg Osteoporosis and Obesity Determinants (GOOD) study, were invited to participate in the longitudinal study, and a total of 833 men (78%), 24.1 ± 0.6 years of age, were included in the 5-year follow-up. A standardized self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information about patterns of physical activity at both the baseline and 5-year follow-up visits. BMC and aBMD were measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, whereas vBMD and bone geometry were measured by peripheral quantitative computed tomography. Increased physical activity between the baseline and follow-up visits was associated with a favorable development in BMC of the total body, and aBMD of the lumbar spine and total hip (p
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| 7. |
- Ohlsson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Färlöv och Färlövsholm : medeltida huvudgårdsmiljöer i Helgeådalen : inledande observationer
- 2012
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Ingår i: ALE. - 0345-0708. ; 2012:1, s. 13-22
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Ett nyupptäckt medeltida stenhus i Färlövs kyrkby, Östra Göinge, blev hösten 2011 föremål för en kortvarig, inledande undersökning. En välbevarad, aristokratiskt präglad anläggning har börjat framträda, i ett läge strax väster om Färlövs romanska stenkyrka med sina välkända tvillingtorn. En medeltida huvudgård i kyrkbyn är känd i dokumenten, och här finns ett ännu något oklart men intressant samband med den närbelägna huvudgården Färlövsholm.
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| 8. |
- Ohlsson, Anders
(författare)
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Uncertainty budget for multi-elemental analysis of plant nutrients in conifer foliar material using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES)
- 2012
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Ingår i: Accreditation and Quality Assurance. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0949-1775 .- 1432-0517. ; 17:3, s. 301-313
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Measurement uncertainties evaluated according to GUM were given in an uncertainty budget for the measurement of mass fractions of 12 elements in conifer tree needle materials. The measurement was performed using ICP-AES, with prior microwave digestion of the dried sample material. The uncertainty budget for Ca as an example showed that correction for a systematic error was the main source of measurement uncertainty. The key to reduced measurement uncertainty therefore lies in identifying the main sources of systematic errors, and reducing the uncertainty associated with their correction. The usefulness of the uncertainty budget was demonstrated in its application to method validation, to the design of a quality control program, and finally for guiding method optimization.
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| 9. |
- Ohlsson, Monica, et al.
(författare)
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Hereditary myopathy with early respiratory failure associated with a mutation in A-band titin
- 2012
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Ingår i: Brain. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0006-8950 .- 1460-2156. ; 135:6, s. 1682-1694
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hereditary myopathy with early respiratory failure and extensive myofibrillar lesions has been described in sporadic and familial cases and linked to various chromosomal regions. The mutated gene is unknown in most cases. We studied eight individuals, from three apparently unrelated families, with clinical and pathological features of hereditary myopathy with early respiratory failure. The investigations included clinical examination, muscle histopathology and genetic analysis by whole exome sequencing and single nucleotide polymorphism arrays. All patients had adult onset muscle weakness in the pelvic girdle, neck flexors, respiratory and trunk muscles, and the majority had prominent calf hypertrophy. Examination of pulmonary function showed decreased vital capacity. No signs of cardiac muscle involvement were found. Muscle histopathological features included marked muscle fibre size variation, fibre splitting, numerous internal nuclei and fatty infiltration. Frequent groups of fibres showed eosinophilic inclusions and deposits. At the ultrastructural level, there were extensive myofibrillar lesions with marked Z-disc alterations. Whole exome sequencing in four individuals from one family revealed a missense mutation, g.274375T > C; p.Cys30071Arg, in the titin gene (TTN). The mutation, which changes a highly conserved residue in the myosin binding A-band titin, was demonstrated to segregate with the disease in all three families. High density single nucleotide polymorphism arrays covering the entire genome demonstrated sharing of a 6.99 Mb haplotype, located in chromosome region 2q31 including TTN, indicating common ancestry. Our results demonstrate a novel and the first disease-causing mutation in A-band titin associated with hereditary myopathy with early respiratory failure. The typical histopathological features with prominent myofibrillar lesions and inclusions in muscle and respiratory failure early in the clinical course should be incentives for analysis of TTN mutations.
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