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- Hillier, Ladeana W, et al.
(författare)
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Sequence and comparative analysis of the chicken genome provide unique perspectives on vertebrate evolution
- 2004
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Ingår i: Nature. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 432:7018, s. 695-716
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present here a draft genome sequence of the red jungle fowl, Gallus gallus. Because the chicken is a modern descendant of the dinosaurs and the first non-mammalian amniote to have its genome sequenced, the draft sequence of its genome--composed of approximately one billion base pairs of sequence and an estimated 20,000-23,000 genes--provides a new perspective on vertebrate genome evolution, while also improving the annotation of mammalian genomes. For example, the evolutionary distance between chicken and human provides high specificity in detecting functional elements, both non-coding and coding. Notably, many conserved non-coding sequences are far from genes and cannot be assigned to defined functional classes. In coding regions the evolutionary dynamics of protein domains and orthologous groups illustrate processes that distinguish the lineages leading to birds and mammals. The distinctive properties of avian microchromosomes, together with the inferred patterns of conserved synteny, provide additional insights into vertebrate chromosome architecture.
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| 3. |
- Joss, D. T., et al.
(författare)
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Recoil decay tagging of gamma rays in the extremely neutron-deficient nucleus Os-162
- 2004
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Ingår i: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - : American Physical Society. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 70:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The neutron-deficient nucleus Os-162, produced in the Cd-106(Ni-58,2n) reaction, has been studied using the JUROGAM gamma-ray spectrometer in conjunction with the RITU gas-filled separator and the GREAT focal plane spectrometer. gamma-ray transitions in Os-162 have been assigned for the first time through the application of the recoil decay tagging technique. The excitation energy of the 2(+) state and the tentative energy of the 8(+) state are discussed in terms of the systematic energy trends as the N=82 shell gap is approached.
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| 7. |
- Brändström, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Governing by Looking Back : Historical Analogies and Crisis Management
- 2004
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Ingår i: Public Administration. - : Wiley. - 0033-3298 .- 1467-9299. ; 82:1, s. 191-210
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article offers a conceptual framework that broadens and enhances our understanding of the role of ‘history’ in contemporary governance and the attempts by policy-makers to ‘manage’ critical issues. Building upon the literature on historical analogies in policy-making, we distinguish three dimensions that clarify how the past may emerge in and affect the current deliberations, choices and rhetoric of policy-makers. We apply this in a comparative examination of two cases of crisis management where historical analogies played an important part: the Swedish response to (alleged) submarine intrusions in 1982, and the European Union sanctions against Austria in 1999. We induce from the case comparison new concepts and hypotheses for understanding the role of historical analogies in public policy-making and crisis management.
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| 9. |
- Heuberger, Peter S. C., et al.
(författare)
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Orthonormal basis functions in time and frequency domain : Hambo transform theory
- 2004
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Ingår i: SIAM Journal of Control and Optimization. - 0363-0129 .- 1095-7138. ; 42:4, s. 1347-1373
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The class of finite impulse response (FIR), Laguerre, and Kautz functions can be generalized to a family of rational orthonormal basis functions for the Hardy space H2 of stable linear dynamical systems. These basis functions are useful for constructing efficient parameterizations and coding of linear systems and signals, as required in, e.g., system identification, system approximation, and adaptive filtering. In this paper, the basis functions are derived from a transfer function perspective as well as in a state space setting. It is shown how this approach leads to alternative series expansions of systems and signals in time and frequency domain. The generalized basis functions induce signal and system transforms (Hambo transforms), which have proved to be useful analysis tools in various modelling problems. These transforms are analyzed in detail in this paper, and a large number of their properties are derived. Principally, it is shown how minimal state space realizations of the system transform can be obtained from minimal state space realizations of the original system and vice versa.
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