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- Villa, Luisa L., et al.
(författare)
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Quadrivalent vaccine against human papillomavirus to prevent high-grade cervical lesions
- 2007
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Ingår i: New England Journal of Medicine. - 0028-4793 .- 1533-4406. ; 356:19, s. 1915-1927
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Human papillomavirus types 16 (HPV-16) and 18 (HPV-18) cause approximately 70% of cervical cancers worldwide. A phase 3 trial was conducted to evaluate a quadrivalent vaccine against HPV types 6, 11, 16, and 18 (HPV-6/11/16/18) for the prevention of high-grade cervical lesions associated with HPV-16 and HPV-18. METHODS: In this randomized, double-blind trial, we assigned 12,167 women between the ages of 15 and 26 years to receive three doses of either HPV-6/11/16/18 vaccine or placebo, administered at day 1, month 2, and month 6. The primary analysis was performed for a per-protocol susceptible population that included 5305 women in the vaccine group and 5260 in the placebo group who had no virologic evidence of infection with HPV-16 or HPV-18 through 1 month after the third dose (month 7). The primary composite end point was cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or 3, adenocarcinoma in situ, or cervical cancer related to HPV-16 or HPV-18. RESULTS: Subjects were followed for an average of 3 years after receiving the first dose of vaccine or placebo. Vaccine efficacy for the prevention of the primary composite end point was 98% (95.89% confidence interval [CI], 86 to 100) in the per-protocol susceptible population and 44% (95% CI, 26 to 58) in an intention-to-treat population of all women who had undergone randomization (those with or without previous infection). The estimated vaccine efficacy against all high-grade cervical lesions, regardless of causal HPV type, in this intention-to-treat population was 17% (95% CI, 1 to 31). CONCLUSIONS: In young women who had not been previously infected with HPV-16 or HPV-18, those in the vaccine group had a significantly lower occurrence of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia related to HPV-16 or HPV-18 than did those in the placebo group.
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- Klitgaard, S., et al.
(författare)
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Long wavelength depolarized light scattering from silver nanoparticles
- 2007
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Ingår i: Chemical Physics Letters. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-2614. ; 443:1-3, s. 1-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the depolarized light scattering from heterodisperse silver nanoparticles. The profile of the wavelength dependent anisotropy of the colloidal solution of silver nanoparticles extends to the red and near-infrared (NIR) spectral region. For long wavelengths, above 600 nm, the anisotropy drops below 0.5. The presence of such a strong orthogonal component in the scattering opens new opportunities for imaging in dispersive media when polarizers can be used to suppress the background. The anisotropy profile of the scattering of heterodisperse silver nanoparticles can be satisfactorily explained by a theory based on interference between two surface plasmon resonances. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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- Holm, Jesper, et al.
(författare)
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Novel low-loss 3-element ring resonator for second-harmonic generation of 808nm into 404nm using periodically poled KTP
- 2007
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Ingår i: Nonlinear Frequency Generation and Conversion: Materials, Devices, and Applications VI. - : SPIE. - 1996-756X .- 0277-786X. - 9780819465689 ; 6455
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a novel ring resonator for second harmonic generation consisting of only two spherical mirrors and a refractive element. In our work we use periodically poled KTP as a nonlinear material for generating the second harmonic using an 808nm tapered grating stabilized external cavity laser as pump source. With 286mW of fundamental 808nm radiation coupled into the resonator, we generate 130mW blue light at 404nm, resulting in a power conversion efficiency of 45\%.
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