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Sökning: (WFRF:(Popescu M)) srt2:(2020-2024) > (2022)

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1.
  • Cuquejo-Cid, A., et al. (författare)
  • Anomalous and colossal thermal expansion, photoluminescence, and dielectric properties in lead halide-layered perovskites with cyclohexylammonium and cyclopentylammonium cations
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: iScience. - : Elsevier BV. - 2589-0042. ; 25:6, s. 104450-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A detailed study of lead halide-layered perovskites with general formula A2PbX4 (where A is cyclohexylammonium (CHA) or cyclopentylammonium (CPA) cation and X is Cl− or Br− anion) is presented. Using variable temperature synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction, we observe that these compounds exhibit diverse crystal structures above room temperature. Very interestingly, we report some unconventional thermomechanical responses such as uniaxial negative thermal expansion and colossal positive thermal expansion in a perpendicular direction. For the polymorphs of (CHA)2PbBr4, the volumetric thermal expansion coefficient is among the highest reported for any extended inorganic crystalline solid, reaching 480 MK−1. The phase transitions are confirmed by calorimetry and dielectric measurements, where the dielectric versus temperature curves show anomalies related with the order-disorder phase transitions. In addition, these compounds exhibit a broad photoluminescence (PL) emission with a large Stokes shift, which is related with an exciton PL emission. 
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2.
  • Farnocchia, Davide, et al. (författare)
  • International Asteroid Warning Network Timing Campaign: 2019 XS
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: The Planetary Science Journal. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 2632-3338. ; 3:7
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • As part of the International Asteroid Warning Network's observational exercises, we conducted a campaign to observe near-Earth asteroid 2019 XS around its close approach to Earth on 2021 November 9. The goal of the campaign was to characterize errors in the observation times reported to the Minor Planet Center, which become an increasingly important consideration as astrometric accuracy improves and more fast-moving asteroids are observed. As part of the exercise, a total of 957 astrometric observations of 2019 XS during the encounter were reported and subsequently were analyzed to obtain the corresponding residuals. While the timing errors are typically smaller than 1 s, the reported times appear to be negatively biased, i.e., they are generally earlier than they should be. We also compared the observer-provided position uncertainty with the cross-track residuals, which are independent of timing errors. A large fraction of the estimated uncertainties appear to be optimistic, especially when <0 2. We compiled individual reports for each observer to help identify and remove the root cause of any possible timing error and improve the uncertainty quantification process. We suggest possible sources of timing errors and describe a simple procedure to derive reliable, conservative position uncertainties.
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3.
  • Gessl, I, et al. (författare)
  • TENDERNESS AND RADIOGRAPHIC PROGRESSION IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AND PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES. - : BMJ. - 0003-4967 .- 1468-2060. ; 81, s. 1231-1231
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • In inflammatory arthritis swelling is regarded as a sign of synovitis and is associated with radiographic progression. However, the association of tenderness with radiographic progression is not clear.ObjectivesTo assess the predictive value of tenderness alone and with consideration of sonographic signs for synovitis, disease duration and baseline radiographic damage for subsequent radiographic progression in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA).MethodsClinical and sonographic (grey scale (GS) and power Doppler (PD)) examination of 22 joints of the hand were performed cross-sectionally in consecutive patients with RA and PsA with at least one tender joint. Radiographs were scored for erosions and joint space narrowing (JSN) at inclusion and radiographic progression of each joint was assessed after 2 years. The impact of tenderness on progression was analyzed in non-swollen joints for RA and PsA separately with logistic regression analyses. As a second step, the association of PD, GS, disease duration, C-reactive protein, baseline erosions and JSN and global joint counts with subsequent structural damage was assessed using univariate logistic regression in tender non-swollen joints again on the joint level.ResultsWe included 1207 joints in 54 RA patients and 396 joints in 18 PsA patients. Tenderness was associated with subsequent radiographic progression in non-swollen joints in PsA (OR 3.44, 95%CI 1.78-6.62, p<0.01) but not in RA (OR 1.60, 95% CI 0.99-2.48, p=0.55) (Figure 1). In tender non-swollen joints in RA patients, PD (OR 3.74, 95% CI 1.10-13.30, p=0.04) and baseline erosions (OR 4.42, 95% CI 1.22-15.95, p=0.02) had a significant impact on radiographic progression. In PsA patients, PD (OR 8.46, 95% CI 1.72-41.72, p<0.01), baseline erosions (OR 6.71, 95% CI 1.43-31.39, p=0.02), baseline JSN (OR 7.27, 95% CI 1.47-35.89, p=0.02) and SJC (OR 1.26, 95%CI 1.07-1.48, p<0.01) were associated with radiographic progression.Figure 1.The proportion of joints with progression in tender non-swollen and non-tender non-swollen joints in patients with rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis; NTNS: non-tender non-swollen; TNS: tender non-swollenConclusionOur findings indicate that tenderness in non-swollen joints is associated with subsequent radiographic progression in PsA, while in RA it is a risk factor for radiographic progression only in the presence of additional factors, such as sonographic signs for synovitis.Disclosure of InterestsIrina Gessl: None declared, Mihaela Popescu: None declared, Gabriela Supp: None declared, Thomas Deimel: None declared, Paul Studenic: None declared, Martina Durechova: None declared, Michael Zauner: None declared, Josef S. Smolen Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Astro, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Celltrion, Chugai, Gilead, ILTOO, Janssen, Lilly, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis- Sandoz, Pfizer, Roche, Samsung, Sanofi, and UCB, Grant/research support from: Abbvie, AstraZeneca, Lilly and Roche, Daniel Aletaha Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Amgen, Lilly, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Grant/research support from: Abbvie, Amgen, Lilly, Novartis, Roche, SoBi, Sanofi, Peter Mandl Speakers bureau: from AbbVie, Janssen and Novartis, Grant/research support from: from AbbVie, BMS, Novartis, Janssen, MSD and UCB;
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4.
  • Giovannoni, G., et al. (författare)
  • Smouldering multiple sclerosis: the ‘real MS’
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders. - : SAGE Publications. - 1756-2856 .- 1756-2864. ; 15
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Using a philosophical approach or deductive reasoning, we challenge the dominant clinico-radiological worldview that defines multiple sclerosis (MS) as a focal inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS). We provide a range of evidence to argue that the ‘real MS’ is in fact driven primarily by a smouldering pathological disease process. In natural history studies and clinical trials, relapses and focal activity revealed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in MS patients on placebo or on disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) were found to be poor predictors of long-term disease evolution and were dissociated from disability outcomes. In addition, the progressive accumulation of disability in MS can occur independently of relapse activity from early in the disease course. This scenario is underpinned by a more diffuse smouldering pathological process that may affect the entire CNS. Many putative pathological drivers of smouldering MS can be potentially modified by specific therapeutic strategies, an approach that may have major implications for the management of MS patients. We hypothesise that therapeutically targeting a state of ‘no evident inflammatory disease activity’ (NEIDA) cannot sufficiently prevent disability accumulation in MS, meaning that treatment should also focus on other brain and spinal cord pathological processes contributing to the slow loss of neurological function. This should also be complemented with a holistic approach to the management of other systemic disease processes that have been shown to worsen MS outcomes. © The Author(s), 2022.
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5.
  • Zhou Hagström, Nanna, 1993-, et al. (författare)
  • Megahertz-rate ultrafast X-ray scattering and holographic imaging at the European XFEL
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation. - : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr). - 0909-0495 .- 1600-5775. ; 29, s. 1454-1464
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The advent of X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) has revolutionized fundamental science, from atomic to condensed matter physics, from chemistry to biology, giving researchers access to X-rays with unprecedented brightness, coherence and pulse duration. All XFEL facilities built until recently provided X-ray pulses at a relatively low repetition rate, with limited data statistics. Here, results from the first megahertz-repetition-rate X-ray scattering experiments at the Spectroscopy and Coherent Scattering (SCS) instrument of the European XFEL are presented. The experimental capabilities that the SCS instrument offers, resulting from the operation at megahertz repetition rates and the availability of the novel DSSC 2D imaging detector, are illustrated. Time-resolved magnetic X-ray scattering and holographic imaging experiments in solid state samples were chosen as representative, providing an ideal test-bed for operation at megahertz rates. Our results are relevant and applicable to any other non-destructive XFEL experiments in the soft X-ray range.
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6.
  • Barbaud, Annick, et al. (författare)
  • Allergies and COVID-19 vaccines : An ENDA/EAACI Position paper
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0105-4538 .- 1398-9995. ; 77:8, s. 2292-2312
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background Anaphylaxis, which is rare, has been reported after COVID-19 vaccination, but its management is not standardized.Method Members of the European Network for Drug Allergy and the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology interested in drug allergy participated in an online questionnaire on pre-vaccination screening and management of allergic reactions to COVID-19 vaccines, and literature was analysed.Results No death due to anaphylaxis to COVID-19 vaccines has been confirmed in scientific literature. Potential allergens, polyethylene glycol (PEG), polysorbate and tromethamine are excipients. The authors propose allergy evaluation of persons with the following histories: 1-anaphylaxis to injectable drug or vaccine containing PEG or derivatives; 2-anaphylaxis to oral/topical PEG containing products; 3-recurrent anaphylaxis of unknown cause; 4-suspected or confirmed allergy to any mRNA vaccine; and 5-confirmed allergy to PEG or derivatives. We recommend a prick-to-prick skin test with the left-over solution in the suspected vaccine vial to avoid waste. Prick test panel should include PEG 4000 or 3500, PEG 2000 and polysorbate 80. The value of in vitro test is arguable.Conclusions These recommendations will lead to a better knowledge of the management and mechanisms involved in anaphylaxis to COVID-19 vaccines and enable more people with history of allergy to be vaccinated.
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