| 1. |
- Hoiom, Veronica, et al.
(författare)
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MC1R variation and melanoma risk in the Swedish population in relation to clinical and pathological parameters
- 2009
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Ingår i: Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research. - 1755-148X .- 1755-1471. ; 22:2, s. 196-204
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The genetic background of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) includes both germ line aberrations in high-penetrance genes, like CDKN2A, and allelic variation in low-penetrance genes like the melanocortin-1 receptor gene, MC1R. Red-hair colour associated MC1R alleles (RHC) have been associated with red hair, fair skin and risk of CMM. We investigated MC1R and CDKN2A variation in relation to phenotype, clinical factors and CMM risk in the Swedish population. The study cohort consisted of sporadic primary melanoma patients, familial melanoma patients and a control group. An allele-dose dependent increase in melanoma risk for carriers of variant MC1R alleles (after adjusting for phenotype), with an elevated risk among familial CMM patients, was observed. This elevated risk was found to be significantly associated with an increased frequency of dysplastic nevi (DN) among familial patients compared to sporadic patients. MC1R variation was found to be less frequent among acral lentiginous melanomas (ALM) and dependent on tumour localisation. No association was found between CDKN2A gene variants and general melanoma risk. Two new variants in the POMC gene were identified in red haired individuals without RHC alleles.
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| 2. |
- Jönsson, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
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Matkulturer på Arbetsplatserna
- 2005
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Ingår i: Mat, hälsa och oregelbundna arbetstider. - Lund : Department of Sociology, Lund University. - 9172671874 ; Research report in Sociology 2005:1, s. 43-59, s. 43-59
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
- Lagnevik, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Mat, hälsa och oregelbundna arbetstider
- 2005
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The book is an empirical ivestigation and analysis of the health situation for workers with irregular working hours in services. The anaysis is made from a different perspectives with cross-depratmenta co-operatin between researchers from 5 disciplines
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| 4. |
- Lindén, Anna-Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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Mat, hälsa och oregelbundna arbetstider
- 2005
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Maten, måltiden och ätandet är en av grundförutsättningarna för god hälsa. Ensidigt ätande, oregelbundet ätande och småätande är direkta riskfaktorer för ohälsa på både kort och lång sikt. På kort sikt är övervikt ett stort problem. På lång sikt utvecklas ett livsstilsätande under arbetstid som, utöver övervikt, ökar risken för bland annat diabetes samt hjärt- och kärlsjukdomar. Vad man äter och hur man kan planera sitt ätande hänger samman med utbudet av mat och måltider på arbetsplatsen eller i grannskapet. Måltiderna är ofta stressade av de arbetstider man har. Det måste gå snabbt att skaffa fram maten och snabbt att äta den. Ramen kring måltiden, den goda maten och samvaron reduceras ofta till en fråga om att stilla hungern. Det oregelbundna ätandet kännetecknas av småätande av söta saker, smakportioner eller feta och ensidiga matportioner. Den kunskap denna studie av måltidsituationen lett fram till visar på problemområden som har med arbetsorganisationen, med mat- och måltidsutbudet, med det nödvändiga och det goda ätandet samt med hälsan att göra.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Roth, Bodil, et al.
(författare)
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Celiaki som modell för autoimmun sjukdom. Transglutaminas har nyckelroll--stressreaktion sätter fart på ond cirkel
- 2006
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205. ; 103:19, s. 1523-1526
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The autoantigen of endomysial antibodies in coeliac disease has been found to be an enzyme, tissue transglutaminase. Zinc inhibits the calcium-dependent activation of this thiol enzyme and also decreases the affinity between transglutaminase and the antibodies. Physiologically, transglutaminases catalyse the formation of bridges between lysine- and glutamine-containing peptides. Theoretically, if accidentally activated, for example due to a stress-induced low concentration of intestinal zinc, tissue transglutaminase will sequentially deamidate specific glutamine residues in gliadins. During this process, an abnormally long-lived thioester intermediate between the active site cysteine of the enzyme and a previously, partly deamidated gliadine may trigger the T-cells in persons with HLA DQ2/DQ8, generating antibodies against both transglutaminase and gliadin. Furthermore, the resulting villous atrophy decreases the absorption of zinc, thus causing a vicious circle. In rheumatoid arthritis a similar pattern is observed with the formation of antibodies against citrulline as well as against the calcium-dependent citrullinating thiol-enzyme, peptidylargininedeiminase, which also is inhibited by zinc.
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| 7. |
- Roth, Bodil, et al.
(författare)
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Pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases: antibodies against transglutaminase, peptidylarginine deiminase and protein-bound citrulline in primary Sjögren's syndrome, multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. - : Wiley. - 1365-3083 .- 0300-9475. ; 67:6, s. 626-631
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Coeliac disease (CD) is becoming a model for understanding the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders. In CD, antibodies against transglutaminase 2 (TG2) and specific residues of gliadins have been identified. A similar situation is seen in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with both anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) and auto-antibodies against the citrullinating enzyme, peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD). Previously, we have suggested that a complex between an enzyme and its modified substrate constitutes the neoantigen in autoimmune diseases. Our hypothesis is challenged by findings in patients of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) who do not express ACPA, but who have been reported to carry anti-PAD. The aims of our investigation were to reproduce the study claiming the presence of anti-PAD in pSS and screen for ACPA and antibodies against TG2 and PAD in pSS (n = 78), multiple sclerosis (MS) (n = 85) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) (n = 79) using ELISA. With blood donors (n = 100) as controls, no increased occurrence of autoantibodies was found among the patient groups tested. Contrary to what has been published previously, patients with pSS do not express anti-PAD. The hypothesis of a complex between an enzyme and its modified substrate constituting the neoantigen in autoimmune diseases is still valid. The prevalence of anti-PAD, anti-TG2 and ACPA is comparatively restricted. PAD and TG2 do not seem to be involved directly in autoimmune mechanisms in pSS, MS or AD.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Sjöberg, Klas, et al.
(författare)
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Autoimmune markers in lymphoid malignancies.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. - : Wiley. - 1365-3083 .- 0300-9475. ; 67:5, s. 509-515
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chronic immune stimulation such as Helicobacter pylori (hp) infection, Sjögren's syndrome or coeliac disease may initiate non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The opposite (appearance of autoimmunity) has also been reported. The aim of this study was to describe the pattern of these immune markers in patients with lymphoid malignancies. Sera from 96 patients with NHL (median age 72, range 38-88, F/M 41/55) were analysed with ELISA to determine the frequency of antibodies against guinea pig (gp) and human recombinant (hr) transglutaminase type 2 (Tg2), and hr factor XIII subunit a* (part of the Tg-family), extractable nuclear antigen (ENA), and hp. As hp antibodies decrease in younger age cohorts a sex- and age-matched control group of 768 persons was used. The control population for transglutaminase antibodies consisted of 59 blood donors, (median 42 years, range 19-65) was analysed with a commercial kit. Gp-Tg2-IgG positivity was documented in 72% and hr-Tg2-IgG positivity in 15% (5% positive controls for both; P < 0.001 and ns, respectively). For IgA 3% had gp-Tg2 and 4% hr-Tg2 (5% in controls: ns for both). Anti-FXIII-IgA positivity was found in 22% (5% in controls; P = 0.03). Unspecific anti-ENA-IgG positivity was found in 24% (P < 0.001), while only 2% had specific ENA autoantibodies. Moreover, 36% were positive for anti-hp-IgG, while controls were positive in 54% (P < 0.001). The frequency of unspecific autoantibodies was increased. No differences could be noted in specific autoantibodies (hr-Tg2-IgA). In contrast, fewer than expected were anti-hp-positive. A defective immune response, similar to that in autoimmune diseases, could contribute to the pathogenesis of lymphoid malignancies.
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| 10. |
- Sjöberg, Klas, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of hepatitis C in Swedish diabetics is low and comparable to that in health care workers.
- 2008
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Ingår i: European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepathology. - 1473-5687. ; 20:2, s. 135-138
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: An association between hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and diabetes has been reported, in particular from countries with a high prevalence of HCV. To assess if this association could be found in a region with low prevalence of HCV (0.33%), we determined the prevalence of anti-HCV in a large cohort of patients with diabetes. METHODS: The prevalence of anti-HCV was determined with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 874 patients with diabetes representing 72.5% of a total research cohort of 1205 patients who were invited to participate. The results were confirmed with immunoblot. Samples from confirmed patients were tested for HCV RNA and genotyped. RESULTS: In 499 patients with type 1 diabetes and 375 patients with type 2 diabetes six patients were anti-HCV positive (four with type 1 diabetes and two with type 2 diabetes corresponding to a prevalence of 0.80 and 0.53%, respectively, in accordance with the prevalence among health care workers in Sweden; 0.68%). Liver biopsies in three of the patients showed only mild inflammation without fibrosis and in two of the other three the albumin and/or PT-INR level was normal contradicting any substantial impairment of the liver function. CONCLUSIONS: The low anti-HCV prevalence that we found contradicts an etiologic role of HCV in the development of diabetes in Sweden. The risk of being infected with HCV when attending the health care system seems to be rather small in a low-prevalence area.
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