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- Kulmala, J., et al.
(författare)
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Association between mid- to late life physical fitness and dementia : evidence from the CAIDE study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 276:3, s. 296-307
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives. This study investigated the association between perceived physical fitness at midlife, changes in perceived fitness during the three decades from mid-to late life and dementia risk. Design. Prospective cohort study. Setting. Cardiovascular risk factors, ageing and incidence of dementia (CAIDE) study. Subjects. Subjects were selected from four independent, random samples of population-based cardiovascular surveys and were first examined in 1972, 1977, 1982 or 1987, when they were on average 50 years old. The CAIDE target population included 3559 individuals. A random sample of 2000 individuals still alive in 1997 was drawn for re-examinations (performed in 1998 and 2005-2008) that consisted of cognitive assessments, with 1511 subjects participating in at least one re-examination. Dementia diagnoses were also confirmed from national registers for the entire target population. Main outcome measure. All-cause dementia. Results. Poor physical fitness at midlife was associated with increased dementia risk in the entire target population [hazard ratio (HR), 1.5; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.1-2.0]. In participants, odds ratio (OR) was 2.0 (95% CI, 0.9-4.0). This association was significant in apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 allele (APO epsilon 4) noncarriers (OR, 4.3; 95% CI, 1.4-13.3), men (HR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.1-3.0) and people with chronic conditions (HR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.3-6.6). A decline in fitness after midlife was also associated with dementia (OR, 3.0; 95% CI, 1.7-5.1), which was significant amongst both men and women and more pronounced in APOE epsilon 4 carriers (OR, 4.4; 95% CI, 2.1-9.1). Conclusions. Perceived poor physical fitness reflects a combination of biological and lifestyle-related factors that can increase dementia risk. A simple question about perceived physical fitness may reveal at-risk individuals who could benefit from preventive interventions.
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- Rusanen, M, et al.
(författare)
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Midlife smoking, apolipoprotein E and risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease : a population-based cardiovascular risk factors, aging and dementia study
- 2010
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Ingår i: Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders. - : S. Karger AG. - 1420-8008 .- 1421-9824. ; 30:3, s. 277-284
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To elucidate the effect of midlife smoking on the risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the possible modification of this relation by the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4.METHODS: Participants of the Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging and Dementia study were randomly selected from population-based samples originally studied in midlife (1972, 1977, 1982 or 1988). After an average follow-up of 21 years, 1,449 persons (73%) aged 65-79 years took part in a reexamination in 1998.RESULTS: Smoking in midlife increased the risk of dementia (odds ratio, OR: 4.93; 95% CI: 1.51-16.11) and AD (OR: 6.56; 95% CI: 1.80-23.94) among the APOE ε4 carriers, but not among the APOE ε4 noncarriers.CONCLUSION: Midlife smoking was associated with an increased risk of dementia and AD later in life only among those individuals carrying the APOE ε4 allele. These results suggest that the association between smoking and AD may be complex and vary according to genotype.
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- Solomon, A, et al.
(författare)
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Lipid-lowering treatment is related to decreased risk of dementia : a population-based study (FINRISK)
- 2010
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Ingår i: Neurodegenerative diseases. - : S. Karger AG. - 1660-2862 .- 1660-2854. ; 7:1-3, s. 180-182
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Several lines of evidence have linked cholesterol to dementia.OBJECTIVE: To investigate lipid-lowering drug use and dementia development in a Finnish population.METHODS: FINRISK is a large population-based survey of cardiovascular risk factors carried out since 1972 every 5 years using independent, random and representative population samples from different parts of Finland. Several cohorts were part of the WHO-MONICA study. Data from cohorts 1972-2002 were linked to the Hospital Discharge Registry and Drug Reimbursement Registry (1995-2007) to ascertain dementia diagnoses and lipid-lowering treatment. Selection criteria for the study were: (1) alive and without dementia in 1995; (2) age > or = 60 years (in 1995 for earlier cohorts and in 1997 or 2002 for later cohorts; (3) treatment prescribed at least 1 year before dementia diagnosis.RESULTS: 17,597 persons were included in the study. Lipid-lowering treatment was related to decreased dementia risk. In Cox proportional hazards model, hazard ratio (95% CI) was 0.42 (0.37-0.49; controlled for age, sex, education, survey region, survey year, baseline cholesterol, body mass index and systolic blood pressure).CONCLUSION: Preliminary results from the FINRISK study indicate that lipid-lowering drugs may have a beneficial effect in dementia prevention. Further data linkage is ongoing in order to investigate the roles of different types of lipid-lowering drugs.
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