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- Ekberg, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Sociala kontakter - på gott eller ont?
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- SyfteStudien syftade till att studera om sociala kontakter med arbetsplatsens aktörer under en sjukskrivning har betydelse för förväntningar om att kunna komma tillbaka i arbeteMetodStudien genomfördes som en enkätstudie till anställda som varit sjukskrivna i mellan 60 och 90 dagar, vilka identifierades via Försäkringskassans register. Totalt svarade 534 individer (48%). Enkätstudien kombinerades med en fördjupad intervjustudie med sjukskrivna, arbetsledare och arbetskollegor.ResultatMajoriteten av de sjukskrivna hade kontakter med arbetsledare och arbetskamrater. Sjukskrivna med sämre hälsotillstånd, sjukskrivna i psykiska besvär och utlandsfödda hade färre kontakter med arbetsledare och arbetskamrater. Multipel logistisk regressionsanalys visar att främst kvaliteten i kontakterna, mätt som stödjande, konstruktiva och engagerade kontakter, med både arbetsledaren och arbetskamraterna, mer än fördubblade chansen att den sjukskrivne har goda förväntningar om att kunna återgå i arbete och att kunna kvarstå i arbete.Intervjustudien understödjer resultaten från enkätstudien i betydelsen av kvaliteten på de sociala kontakterna för en framgångsrik rehabilitering tillbaka till arbete. Förutsättningarna för hur en arbetsledare förhåller sig till den sjukskrivne medarbetaren påverkas av arbetsledarens egen situation. Det är vanligt att chefer är rörliga i arbetslivet, en långvarigt sjukskriven medarbetare kan därför ställas inför situationen att det är en helt ny chef som hon eller han förväntas kommunicera med, och den nye chefen har ingen personlig relation till medarbetaren. I det föränderliga arbetslivet kan en arbetsledares arbetssituation vara tidspressad och det blir lätt att prioritera bort det egna ansvaret för att hålla kontakten, arbetsledare betonar ömsesidigheten i ansvaret.KonklusionerKvaliteten i kontakterna mellan sjukskrivna och deras arbetsledare och arbetskamrater är viktigare än demografiska faktorer och självskattad hälsa och arbetsförmåga för den sjukskrivnes förväntan om att kunna återgå och kvarstå i arbete. Det förekommer sociodemografiska skillnader i frekvensen av kontakter med arbetsledare och arbetskamrater, sjukskrivna med sämre hälsotillstånd, med psykiska besvär eller är utlandsfödda har färre kontakter.
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- Tjulin, Åsa, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring the meaning of early contact in return-to-work from workplace actors' perspective
- 2011
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 33:2, s. 137-145
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose. The objective of this article was to explore the meaning of early contact in return-to-work, and how social relational actions and conditions can facilitate or impede early contact among actors in the workplace. Method. An exploratory qualitative method was used, consisting of individual open-ended interviews with 33 workplace actors at seven worksites across three public employers in Sweden. The workplace actors represented in these interviews included re-entering workers, supervisors, co-workers and human resources managers. Organisational policies on return-to-work were collected from the three employers. Results. The analysis indicated that early contact is a complex return-to-work measure with shifting incentives among workplace actors for making contact. For instance, the findings indicated obligation and responsibilities as incentives, incentives through social relations, and the need to acknowledge and balance the individual needs in relation to early contact. Conclusion. The findings strengthen the importance of early contact as a concept with a social relational context that comprises more than just an activity carried out (or not) by the employer, and suggest that early contact with a sick-listed worker is not always the best approach for a return-to-work situation. This study provides a starting point for a more articulated conceptualisation of early contact.
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- Tjulin, Åsa, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring Workplace Actors Experiences of the Social Organization of Return-to-Work.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of occupational rehabilitation. - : SpringerLink. - 1053-0487 .- 1573-3688. ; 20:3, s. 311-321
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: There is a limited body of research on how the actual social exchange among workplace actors influences the practice of return-to-work. The objective of this study was to explore how workplace actors experience social relations at the workplace and how organizational dynamics in workplace-based return-to-work extends before and beyond the initial return of the sick listed worker to the workplace. Method An exploratory qualitative method approach was used, consisting of individual open-ended interviews with 33 workplace actors at seven worksites that had re-entering workers. The workplace actors represented in these interviews include: re-entering workers, supervisors, co-workers, and human resource managers. Results The analysis identified three distinct phases in the return to work process: while the worker is off work, when the worker returns back to work, and once back at work during the phase of sustainability of work ability. The two prominent themes that emerged across these phases include the theme of invisibility in relation to return-to-work effort and uncertainty, particularly, about how and when to enact return-to-work. Conclusion The findings strengthen the notion that workplace-based return-to-work interventions need to take social relations amongst workplace actors into account. They also highlight the importance and relevance of the varied roles of different workplace actors during two relatively unseen or grey areas, of return-to-work: the pre-return and the post-return sustainability phase. Attention to the invisibility of return-to-work efforts of some actors and uncertainty about how and when to enact return-to-work between workplace actors can promote successful and sustainable work ability for the re-entering worker.
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- Tjulin, Åsa, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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The social interaction of return-to-work explored from co-workers experinces.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 33:21-22, s. 1979-1989
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose The objective was to explore the role and contribution of co-workers in the return-to-work process. The social interaction of co-workers and supervisors are analysed within the framework of the Swedish national and local employer organisational return-to-work policies. Methods An exploratory qualitative method was used, consisting of open-ended interviews with 33 workplace actors across seven work units. Organisational return-towork policies were collected from the three public sector employers. Results Three key themes about the return-to-work process emerged during analysis: (1) policies and organizational structure for return to work do not take co-workers into account; (2) return-to-work social demands and expectations interact with broader social interaction and attitudes in the workgroup; (3) supervisory management of return to workis linked to workgroup communication and management. Conclusion An examination of the role of co-workers suggests that the social location matters, and highlights how different return-to-work actors interpret the return-to-work situation differently. Employers and workplaces should consider re-integration of sicklisted workers in the light of workgroup social relations and acknowledge social interaction and the heterogeneous experiences of returning workers, supervisors and coworkers.
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- Tjulin, Åsa, 1976-
(författare)
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Workplace Social Relations in the Return-to-Work process
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The overall aim of this thesis was to explore the impact of workplace social relations on the implementation of return-to-work interventions. The thesis consists of four separate papers with specific aims. In Paper I, the overall purpose of the study was to analyse how a multi-stakeholder return-to-work programme was implemented and experienced from the perspective of the stakeholders involved, i.e. supervisors, occupational health consultants and a project coordinator. The objective was to identify and analyse how these stakeholders perceived that the programme had been implemented in relation to its intentions. In Paper II, the objective was to explore how workplace actors experience social relations, and how organisational dynamics in workplace-based return-to-work start before and extend beyond the initial return of the sick-listed worker to the workplace. In Paper III, the objective was to explore the meaning of early contact in return-to-work, and how social relational actions and conditions can facilitate or impede early contact among workplace actors. In Paper IV, the objective was to explore the role of co-workers in the return-to-work process, and their contribution to the process, starting from when a colleague falls ill, continuing when he/she subsequently becomes sick-listed and finally when he/she re-enters the workgroup.The general methodological approach to the papers in this thesis has been explorative and interpretive; qualitative methods have been used, involving interviews, group interviews and collection of employer policies on return-to-work. The data material has been analysed through back-and-forth abductive (Paper I), and inductive (Papers II-IV) content analysis.The main findings from Paper I show that discrepancies in the interpretations of policy intentions between key stakeholders (project coordinator, occupational health consultants and supervisors) created barriers for implementing the employer-based return-to-work programme, due to lack of communication, support, coaching and training activities of key stakeholders dedicated to the biopsychosocial intentions of the programme. In Papers II-IV, the workplace actors (re-entering workers, co-workers, supervisors and/or human resources manager) experienced the return-to-work process as phases (time before the sick leave, when on sick leave, when re-entering the workplace, and future sustainability). The findings highlight the importance and relevance of the varied roles of the different workplace actors during the identified phases of the return-to-work process. In particular, the positive contribution of co-workers, and their experience of shifting demands and expectations during each phase, is acknowledged. During the period of time before sick leave the main findings show how workplace actors experience the meaning of early contact within a social relational context, and how early contact is more than an activity that is merely carried out (or not carried out). The findings show how workplace actors experience uncertainties about how and when contact should take place, and the need to balance possible infringement that early contact might cause for the re-entering worker between pressure to return to work and their private health management.The findings in this thesis show how the workplace is a socially complex dynamic setting, which challenges some static models of return-to-work. The biopsychosocial and ecological/case management models and policies for return-to-work have been criticised for neglecting social relations in a return-to-work process at the workplace. This thesis provides increased knowledge and explanations regarding important factors in workplace social relations that facilitate an understanding of what might “make or break” the return-to-work process.
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